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| | 64-bit - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
 | | In computer architecture, 64-bit is an adjective used to describe integers, memory addresses or other data units that are at most 64 bits (8 octets) wide, or to describe CPU and ALU architectures based on registers, address buses, or data buses of that size. | | | Without further qualification, however, a computer architecture described as "64-bit" generally has integer registers that are 64 bits wide and thus directly supports dealing both internally and externally with 64-bit "chunks" of integer data. | | | While 64-bit architectures indisputably make working with huge data sets in applications such as digital video, scientific computing, and large databases easier, there has been considerable debate as to whether they or their 32-bit compatibility modes will be faster than comparably-priced 32-bit systems for other tasks. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/64-bit
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| | AMD64 - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | OpenBSD developers have taken to the platform because of its use of the NX bit, which allowed for an easy implementation of the W^X feature. | | | This is unlike Intel's IA-64, where differences in the underlying ISA means that running 32-bit code is like using an entirely different processor. | | | Complete in-tree support for the platform was achieved prior to the hardware's initial release due to AMD's loaning of several machines for the project's hackathon that year. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AMD64
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| | Making code 64 bit clean |
| | On a 32 bit machine this structure would be a nice convenient 16 bytes in length; however on a 64 bit machine it turns out that it is 24 bytes and actually the best thing would be to leave dummy out. | | | As a Linux/Alpha user I often have the problem of getting code to work on my 64 bit machine. | | | So care must be taken with long's, in addition for pointers %p should always be used rather than %x (since this would have to be %lx on 64 bit systems). |
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http://www.advogato.org/article/97.html
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| | Ars Technica: An Introduction to 64-bit Computing and x86-64 - Page 1 - (3/2003) |
| | Consider the move from 16 bits to 32 bits, the addition of the x87 floating-point instructions, and the addition of integer and then floating-point SIMD instructions. | | | You should notice that not all of the data in either memory, the cache, or the registers is 64-bit data. | | | When I first heard that AMD had plans to extend the x86 ISA to 64 bits, I thought it was a terrible idea. |
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http://arstechnica.com/cpu/03q1/x86-64/x86-64-1.html
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| | TheKSBWChannel.com - Technology - The 64-Bit Question |
| | The move from 32 bits to 64 is unlikely to bring the same sort of quantum jump in speed or capabilities that we got moving from 16 bits to 32. | | | But while the payoff moving from a 16-bit address space (or 20-bits, if you consider the 8088’s segmented architecture) to 32 bits was huge, the move from 32 bits to 64 bits will barely be noticed by most computer users. | | | The reason is that 32 bits is actually large enough to solve the vast majority of computing tasks—not just today’s, but also tomorrow’s. |
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http://www.theksbwchannel.com/technology/3382556/detail.html
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| | BetaNews Microsoft Completes 64-Bit Windows |
| | Besides Xeon, Intel processors are 32 bit based processors, so, to have any serious advantage in a 64 bit based platform you need 64 bit length memory words and 64 bit processing chunks... | | | I hope the 64 bit xp operating system is written better than the web page representing a trial version that can be downloaded free of charge. | | | An OS that is made for the 64 bit cpu, games and apps in the near future made for the system, will be worth the money spent on the 64 bit system |
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http://www.betanews.com/article/Microsoft_Completes_64Bit_Windows/1112279825
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| | NewsForge 64-bit Linux and BSD are maturing steadily |
| | We knew about Intel's 64 bit contingency plans for years, and we knew that the writing was on the wall for 32 bit silicon. | | | In summary, I would suggest that making Linux work on these 'johny come lately' 64 bit platforms from Intel and AMD has been made a lot easier because of folks who have spent the last decade getting it to work on other 64 bit platforms. | | | I have been running 64 bit linux on my Alpha at home since 1998. |
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http://os.newsforge.com/os/05/03/30/1242206.shtml?tid=152&tid=2&tid=150&tid=74
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| | AMD64 Solutions |
| | AMD64 processors like the AMD Opteron and AMD Athlon 64 processors are compatible with today’s hardware and software and smooth the transition to the next crucial step in the evolution of the personal computer, workstation, server, and supercomputing cluster. | | | With AMD64, businesses of all sizes and consumers can protect their investments and fully leverage their hardware, software, and knowledge of existing standards while adopting a world-class solution for their current and future computing needs. | | | AMD64 is designed to enable simultaneous 32- and 64-bit computing with no degradation in performance. |
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http://www.amd.com/us-en/Processors/ProductInformation/0,,30_118_9331,00.html
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| | Porting Linux applications to 64-bit systems |
| | If you want to turn all the bits on, a portable way to do this is to define a signed long constant with a value of -1. | | | Another problem that might arise is the setting of the most significant bit. | | | As with UNIX® and other UNIX-like operating systems, Linux uses the LP64 standard, where pointers and long integers are 64 bits but regular integers remain 32-bit entities. |
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http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/linux/library/l-port64.html?ca=dgr-lnxwPort64
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| | VolkerW's WebLog : Who needs 64-bit? |
| | Even if Windows XP 64 is not out yet. | | | My gut tells me that by the time XP 64 is fully implemented my hardware will be obsolete anyway whether I buy a 64 or 32 bit processor today. | | | I would say that 32 bit Windows has the possibility of dying at an even slower pace. |
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http://blogs.msdn.com/volkerw/archive/2005/02/11/371108.aspx
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| | [No title] |
| | The byte and bit representations for this EUI-64 value are illustrated below: | | | The IEEE defined 64-bit global identifier (EUI-64) is assigned by a manufacturer who has been assigned a company_id value by the IEEE Registration Authority. | | | If provided in byte-addressable media, the original byte-address order of the manufacturer is specified: the most through least significant bytes of the EUI-64 value are contained within the lowest through highest byte addresses, as illustrated above. |
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http://standards.ieee.org/regauth/oui/tutorials/EUI64.html
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| | OCModShop: 64 bits Frequently Asked Questions |
| | The 40 bit physical memory addressing means a maximum of 1 TB physical memory, coupled with 256 TB of logical address space (this includes virtual memory and allows for tons of large, contiguous blocks of unused address space). | | | For the crib sheet to that, 64 bit Integer calculations are one of the things that make 64 bit CPUs so great - they can make 64 bit calculations in hardware rather than emulating it with a bunch of 32 bit calculations. | | | Intel has used it for years now to extend the memory capability of its Xeon line, although it is somewhat hackish by necessity. |
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http://www.ocmodshop.com/ocmodshop.aspx?a=242
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| | Eileen Brown's WebLog : Exchange 12 - 64 bit only! |
| | I also unserstand that during the betas, there will be both a 32 bit and 64 bit version of Exchange 12 so you can compare the performance gains. | | | This could result in almost a 4X increase in the number of users on the same disks or require 1/4 the disks to support the same users from a throughput perspective. | | | While new hardware may not be required, more than likely the 64-bit version of Windows will be. |
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http://blogs.technet.com/eileen_brown/archive/2005/11/15/e12_64bit_only.aspx
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| | Visual C++ Developer Center: 64-Bit Programming |
| | The current version of 64-bit Windows supports the x64 and Intel Itanium Processor Family, and is built for the highest levels of scalability. | | | Microsoft Program Manager Kang Su Gatlin gives developers the information needed to confront data alignment problems critical to the performance of 64- and 32-bit applications developed for the Microsoft Windows XP and Microsoft Windows Server 2003 platforms. | | | Windows Server System integrated server software helps organizations scale up beyond the limits of the 32-bit x86 architecture, with support for up to 64 processors and one terabyte of memory. |
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http://msdn.microsoft.com/visualc/using/building/64bit/default.aspx
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| | Adaptec Article: PCI, 64-Bit and 66-MHz Benefits |
| | Since the OS plays a huge role in system performance by addressing and transferring data to and from memory, when the OS supports only 32-bits when the hardware supports 64 bits, the system is still somewhat limited. | | | To create a 64-bit driver, you must modify the DMA descriptors to address 64 bits of memory so the hardware can access the pointers to the data in this memory range. | | | The Bus Command and Byte Enable Commands are multiplexed over C/BE[7::4]# pins; Bus Commands are transferred during the address phase and Byte Enable Commands during the data phase. |
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http://www.adaptec.com/worldwide/product/markeditorial.html?prodkey=pci64bit&cat=/Technology/SCSI/&type=SCSI
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| | AskTom "32 bit or 64 bit" |
| | I found that the 64-bit Intel Xeon MP can still operate some of our 32-bit software, which may not yet be compatible with a 64-bit operating system. | | | I have been searching for recent information about 64 bit Intel Chips and compatibility with Oracle 9i. | | | Excellent info about 32 and 64 bit softwares |
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http://asktom.oracle.com/pls/ask/f?p=4950:8:::::F4950_P8_DISPLAYID:1512005480694
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| | LWN: The 64-bit question |
| | You are a developer, and you want to create and test binaries for both 32 and 64 bit system without rebooting. | | | The free software you want to use does support x86_64, but has some quirks there which don't show up on the 32 bit version. | | | Although the chroot solution gives you all the libs you could ever want, "apt-get install ia32-libs" will give you the most commonly used ones for use directly in a 64 bit environment. |
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http://lwn.net/Articles/89825
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| | BBC NEWS Programmes Click Online 64-bit launch showcases Longhorn |
| | Crudely the amount of bits a system can use describes how much information it can take in or manipulate with each tick of the very fast clock that helps co-ordinate everything a computer does. | | | And to many people's surprise, just after it announced the new Windows 64, it presented a work in progress of the next version of Windows - code-named Longhorn. | | | Playing with more information at every possible moment means an instant speed boost because in one tick twice the work can be done of a system half as fast. |
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http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/programmes/click_online/4521013.stm
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| | zseries |
| | Of course 64 bit architectures are not new, Compaq (or Digital as it was then) released the 64 bit Alpha chip back in the early 90s, and the proprietary Unix vendors are no strangers to them either. | | | Well in many cases, the answer might very well be hardly anything at all, especially given that the 64 bit support relates to REAL storage support rather than VIRTUAL storage support. | | | But to very large accounts, using for instance very (and I mean VERY) large DB2 tables, it becomes a possibility to load the entire table, indeed hosts of tables, into real memory at the same time with staggering performance implications. |
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http://www.aig.qc.ca/mvs/zseries.html
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| | 64-BIT PROGRAMMING MODELS |
| | Key issues facing the industry are the interchange of data between 64 and 32-bit systems (in some cases on the same system) and the cost of maintaining software in both environments. | | | Most ints in existing programs can remain as 32 bits in a 64-bit environment; only a small number are expected to be the same size as pointers or longs. | | | The majority of C Language programs written today for Microsoft Windows |
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http://www.unix.org/version2/whatsnew/lp64_wp.html
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| | AMD Athlon64 - 64-bit vs. 32-bit Head On Comparison - PCStats.com |
| | In this article PCstats will examine the performance of the AMD Athlon 64 processor using conventional Windows XP and 32-bit benchmarking software, and compare those results to the same tests using the 64-bit 'x64 edition' beta version of Windows XP. | | | For comparison purposes, we also tested the performance of the 64-bit XP beta using both 32-bit and 64-bit benchmarking programs in the 64-bit environment. | | | A new era of 64-bit computing is coming though, and it got us to thinking... |
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http://www.pcstats.com/articleview.cfm?articleID=1665
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| | Wired News: Will You Need AMD When It's 64? |
| | Used for many years in workstations and servers, 64-bit CPUs deliver a performance boost by processing 64 bits of data with each computing cycle, compared to the 32-bit process used in most mainstream PC chips today. | | | The naming scheme is an attempt by AMD to abolish the practice of using the chip's clock rate as a metric of its performance -- a practice promoted chiefly by rival Intel. | | | Note: You are reading this message either because you can not see our css files (served from Lygo, a Lycos image server, for performance reasons), or because you do not have a standards-compliant browser. |
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http://www.wired.com/news/technology/0,1282,60561,00.html
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| | You Had Me At EHLO... : Exchange 12 and 64-bit |
| | x64 can run 32 bit Windows and Exchange 2003 until you are ready to move to 64 bit Windows with Exchange 12. | | | Existing (In use) X64 compatible hardware is a bit of a waste of time isnt it, when the only way to migrate is to "move mailboxes" to a new Windows/Exchange12 64bit server ! | | | Unfortunately, the optimizations we have made for the 64-bit platform cause the 32-bit platform to perform worse in many cases. |
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http://blogs.technet.com/exchange/archive/2005/12/29/416613.aspx
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| | PCWorld.com - 64-Bit Takes Off |
| | In time, 64-bit PCs could change the face of desktop computing. | | | 64-bit desktop computing has taken a significant step toward becoming a pervasive reality: AMD's release of its Athlon 64 chips--and Apple's launch of its G5 CPUs--means 64-bit processors, once reserved for servers and high-end workstations, are now in PCs available on retail shelves. | | | (For more on Apple's 64-bit platform, and its G5's performance versus Athlon 64 PCs, see "64-Bit Computing According to Apple." |
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http://www.pcworld.com/news/article/0,aid,112749,00.asp
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| | NetBSD/sparc64 |
| | Additionally, NetBSD/sparc64 is able to run Solaris 64 and 32 bit binaries with emulation (see compat_solaris(8)) and the pkgsrc package | | | A 64-bit kernel runs 64-bit binaries, and has support for running most 32-bit binaries as well, with the exception of some low level kernel groveling tools. | | | For frequently asked questions and links to Sun hardware information, see the NetBSD/sparc64 FAQ. |
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http://www.netbsd.org/Ports/sparc64
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| | Athlon 64 FX-53 Gets 64-bit Far Cry - MegaGames hardware |
| | The AMD Athlon 64 FX processor delivers what no other PC processor, for the time being can: 32 and 64-bit computing. | | | This is about to change however, since finally AMD's claim of providing Cinematic Computing is about to be put to the test. | | | Leading video game publisher Ubisoft will release a 32-bit version of the much-anticipated action game later this month, and plans to introduce a 64-bit beta version shortly thereafter. |
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http://www.megagames.com/news/html/hardware/athlon64fx-53gets64-bitfarcry.shtml
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| | Understanding 64-bit PowerPC architecture |
| | The IBM white paper, "An Introduction to 64-bit Computing and the IBM PowerPC 970FX", provides an overview of 64-bit computing and discusses the advantages of a 64-bit operating system environment (IBM, April 2004). | | | "PowerPC Microprocessor Family: Programming Environments Manual for 64 and 32-bit Microprocessors" (in PDF) Software Reference Manual can help you develop software that is compatible across the entire family of 64 and 32-bit PowerPC processors (IBM, June 2003). | | | Capable of addressing an astronomical 18 billion GB, or 18 exabytes, of memory, 64-bit integers also accelerate complex mathematical calculations through their ability to perform calculations directly on 64-bit numbers, as well as performing multiple operations on smaller numbers within a single CPU cycle (see Resources for the definition of exabyte). |
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http://www-106.ibm.com/developerworks/library/pa-microdesign/?ca=dgr-lnxw0164BitPowerPC
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| | Writing 64-bit programs |
| | You can still access the second byte of RAX,RBX,RCX and RDX (bits 8 to 15) by using the existing names AH,BH,CH,DH as in the 86 processor. | | | Apart from the above, the only new instruction of any note usable by programmers is MOVSXD which can move 32-bits of data from a register or from memory into a 64-bit register, sign extending bit 31 into bit 63. | | | But you can now also address the first byte of the "index" registers by using SIL,DIL,BPL and SPL. |
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http://www.jorgon.freeserve.co.uk/GoasmHelp/64bits.htm
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| | The Joy of 64-Bit Fortran |
| | You should be aware that this may cause the accuracy of numerical computations to vary slightly when porting applications from 32 bits to 64 bits. | | | However, prior to the availability of SSE2, all floating-point arithmetic on 32-bit x86 and AMD64 processors was performed using the default IEEE 80-bit arithmetic of the x87. | | | The 64-bit AMD Opteron and AMD Athlon 64 processors solve this problem by providing each application with a virtual address space of 256 terabytes, directly accessible from the first byte to the last. |
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http://www.devx.com/amd/Article/17999
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| | Real World Technologies - AMD's 64 Bit Gamble |
| | As a result it retained the 8080’s accumulator and special function register based paradigm instead of going to a general-purpose register based scheme, like the architects of the 68000 and Z8000 did. | | | Considering microprocessors, systems, and software, the x86 architecture will probably generate more than a trillion U.S. dollars worth of sales over its eventual lifetime. | | | One of the most extraordinary announcements of last year’s Microprocessor Forum was that of AMD’s intention to extend the Intel x86 architecture from 32 to 64 bits. |
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http://www.realworldtech.com/page.cfm?ArticleID=RWT071800000000
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| | X-bit labs - Hardware news - Intel Sets the Prices for 64-bit Pentium 4 Processors. |
| | Earlier this year Intel unveiled its Extended Memory 64 Technology also known under 64-bit Extension Technology or IA32e that let Intel’s Prescott, Nocona and Potomac processors to execute specially-written 64-bit code while maintaining absolute compatibility with today’s 32-bit applications. | | | Date for Desktop Chips with Extended Memory 64 Technology Revealed | | | The costs of the Pentium 4 chips with Extended Memory 64 Technology will be equal to processors with no such capability at the same core-clock. |
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http://www.xbitlabs.com/news/cpu/display/20040513015429.html
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| | TechWeb News AMD Plans 64-Bit Sempron Processors |
| | That's a conclusion Intel has also come to, in its plan to bring a similar 64-bit upgrade to its Celeron D family. | | | "Sixty-four bits is coming to our Celeron line in mid 2005," Intel spokeswoman Shannon Love said. | | | And selected technical documentation, as well as message traffic on AMD user forums, indicates that the company has at least begun folding information on the feature into some of its detailed guides for system designers and programmers. |
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http://www.techweb.com/wire/networking/164301878
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| | Rob Caron : Team System 64-Bit Support |
| | For more information, see 64–Bit Windows Part 11: Windows on Windows 64. | | | For more information, see Visual Studio Development Environment 64–Bit Support. | | | Note WOW64 (Windows on Windows 64) is a compatibility environment provided by the operating system that allows a 32-bit application to run on a Windows 64-bit operating system. |
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http://blogs.msdn.com/robcaron/archive/2005/10/28/486302.aspx
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| | Opteron leads 64-bit revolution |
| | For instance, Itanium is well suited for use in large, multiprocessor scale-up systems, which have been Unix's domain, he says. | | | Citrix releases 64 - bit Presentation Server software | | | HP sees demand for 64 - bit x86 servers |
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http://www.computerworld.com/hardwaretopics/hardware/story/0,10801,93330,00.html
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| | The Commodore 8-bit WWW server |
| | This server covers the Commodore (rip) range of 8-bit computers, but mainly the Commodore 64. | | | If you have any pictures or text files that you think should be put in these pages then email them to me. Feel free to send me any comments you have as well. |
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http://www.tkk.fi/Misc/cbm
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| | Technorati Tag: 64-bit |
| | 64 Bit Find Deals on 64 Bit and other Computer Components at DealTime. | | | With your help and advice and help I have my XP 64 system up and... | | | Compare and Save on 64 Bit Compare prices on 64 bits from a wide variety of reputable merchants, plus read user reviews. |
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http://www.technorati.com/tag/64-bit
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| | 64-bit |
| | When referring to 64-bit, this is generally referring to a computer's microprocessor or the computer bus. | | | Also see: 8-bit, 16-bit, 24-bit, 64-bit, Bit, Video definitions | | | Were you able to locate the answer to your questions? |
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http://www.computerhope.com/jargon/num/64bit.htm
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| | Countdown to 64-bit Windows InfoWorld Review 2005-03-11 By Tom Yager |
| | Contrary to the belief that AMD Opteron& and Intel (Profile, Products, Articles) Xeon EM64T’s 64-bits can be exploited only by Linux and Unix, Windows Server 2003 x64 is the real deal, 64 bits all the way to the core. | | | The RC2 (Release Candidate 2) version of Microsoft (Profile, Products, Articles) Windows Server 2003 x64 Enterprise Edition no longer bears the shaky feel of a work in progress. | | | Web applications, file sharing, Active Directory, Terminal Services, clustering, and other standard Windows Server services get an out-of-the-box kick in capacity. |
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http://www.infoworld.com/article/05/03/11/11PPhands_1.html
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| | X-bit labs - Articles - AMD Athlon 64 Performance Preview |
| | Athlon 64 X2 to Be First Ones to Migrate to New Process | | | In this article we are not going to go into details concerning the Athlon 64 architecture, that is why we suggest that you check our article called “A Glance at the Future: AMD Hammer Processors and x86-64 Technology”, before you continue reading this review. | | | All information about the alleged performance of Athlon 64, which had leaked into the web so far, was either very poor and insufficient for any more or less definite conclusions, or concerned AMD Athlon 64 processors working at very low clock frequencies. |
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http://www.xbitlabs.com/articles/cpu/display/athlon64.html
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| | InformationWeek Article > 64-Bit Computing The 64-Bit Question April 21, 2003 |
| | A computer that processes data 64 bits at a time can address up to 1 petabyte of data. | | | Sixty-four-bit Windows Server 2003 will appeal to users who've run out of headroom on 32-bit Windows systems, which address only 4 Gbytes of memory directly, making it hard to hold large databases in memory--crucial for handling hundreds of thousands of transactions per minute. | | | Among the first Windows 64-bit servers will be Unisys' ES 7000/560, which can support up to 32 Itanium 2 chips and 106 CPUs overall, and HP's Superdome server, with up to 64 CPUs and 512 Gbytes of RAM, both due this summer. |
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http://www.informationweek.com/story/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=8800466
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| | Microsoft Launching 64-Bit XP, Server 2003 |
| | Operating system support for 64-bit computing is the subject of some interest for businesses. | | | AMD said it also plans to introduce a dual-core version of its Athlon FX processor when multithreaded software games become more the rule than the exception. | | | By doubling the amount of bits transmitted in most of today's 32-bit operating systems, companies can reap faster returns on computation-intense applications like databases and graphics design. |
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http://www.internetnews.com/ent-news/article.php/3500131
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| | 64-bit Computing |
| | You are in the: Small Business Computing Channel | | | refers to the number of bits (the smallest unit of information on a machine) that can be processed or transmitted in parallel, or the number of bits used for single element in a data format. | | | A 32-bit microprocessor can process data and memory addresses that are represented by 32 bits. |
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http://www.webopedia.com/DidYouKnow/Computer_Science/2004/64_bit.asp
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