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| | [No title] |
 | | First, the number of binary ones in the bitmap are counted and the resulting number is placed in the root node of a binary tree. | | | This object is obtained with a method and a device for coding binary matrices, in particular sparse binary matrices, a matrix is gradually partitioned into sub-matrices. | | | Then a binary bi-level image to be transmitted or stored is input in a block 203, and the number of binary ones in that image are counted in a block 205. |
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http://www.wipo.int/cgi-pct/guest/getbykey5?KEY=98/52346.981119&ELEMENT_SET=DECL
(2464 words)
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| | Smart Computing Article - The Basics Of Binary |
| | Machine code, also known as machine language, is a binary program a computer interprets for instructions. | | | Binary code "is just a representation of a number," says Randall Hyde, professor of computer science at the University of California-Riverside. | | | Binary code is a language made up of strings of these ones and zeros. |
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http://www.smartcomputing.com/editorial/article.asp?article=articles/archive/r0403/20r03/20r03.asp
(2751 words)
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| | PHY107 Binary Codes |
| | The 4221 BCD code is another binary coded decimal code where each bit is weighted by 4, 2, 2 and 1 respectively. | | | This coding is an example of a binary coded (each decimal number maps to four bits) weighted (each bit represents a number, 1, 2, 4, etc.) code. | | | The usual way of expressing a decimal number in terms of a binary number is known as pure binary coding and is discussed in the Number Systems section. |
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http://www.shef.ac.uk/physics/teaching/phy107/codes.html
(529 words)
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| | [No title] |
| | The codes for positive numbers (and 0) are the same as the ones in the earlier unsigned code table. | | | Given an alphabet coded by n bits in a fixed length binary coding system. | | | The computer hardware (the controller in the CPU) expects the program to be coded in Machine Language. |
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http://core.ecu.edu/csci/wirthj/Basen/signBin-c.html
(1541 words)
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| | Untitled Document |
| | The CABAC code in AIC is based on the code in the H.264 reference software. | | | The binary arithmetic coding engine is implemented as a state machine, where probability estimation is performed by a transition process between 64 probability states for the Least Probable Symbol (LPS). | | | A disadvantage of binary arithmetic coding is that only two symbols, 0 and 1, can be encoded. |
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http://www.bilsen.com/aic/CABAC.htm
(1718 words)
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| | Information Science: Binary Coding |
| | First of all, binary codes can be thought of as a series of questions in a branching "tree" diagram. | | | However, again due to the limits of the binary system, it’s not always possible to set up a code where the average length of codes equals H(S). | | | The reason is that if you take a string of this code, the receiver has to know when to start each number &endash; i.e., if it sees "101", the next digit (0 or 1) is assumed to be the start of the next number in the string. |
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http://homepage.mac.com/binsk/reports/coding
(1142 words)
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| | Machine Coding and Translation |
| | Characters in a computer are coded as a group of bits. | | | To simplify the arithmetic circuitry, computers are designed to work with a small nuber of fixed size binary codings. | | | In binary coding, each binary "digit" has two possible values, 0 or 1. |
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http://www.d.umn.edu/~gshute/cs2121/week2/coding.html
(2333 words)
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| | Literature search on bi-level image compression |
| | The method is to code the uniform areas with less computation and apply arithmetic coding to the areas with more variation. | | | The authors studied two types of preprocessing of universal coding for binary images, and found that for various kinds of line-drawings and half-tone (screen-dots) images, both preprocessors outperformed conventional schemes. | | | In the method, the global level dependencies are thus handled by block coding and the local pixel-to-pixel dependencies by Huffman coding. |
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http://www.ece.utexas.edu/~bevans/papers/1999/jbig2/litsearch.html
(3252 words)
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| | Image Compression |
| | Arithmetic coding of a binary sequence is covered in the text. | | | Coding: Huffman, error-free and near optimal, but uses complex algorithm. | | | Instead of coding all the repeat values, just encode the first value and then give the run length of the sequence. |
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http://academic.mu.edu/phys/matthysd/web226/L0423.htm
(254 words)
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| | Dirac Enhancements: Alterntive binarisation |
| | The expedient of simply coding the binary representation of a multi-valued symbol is ineffective, so Dirac uses “unary” coding for binarisation of prediction residue wavelet coefficients. | | | In binary coding the only symbols encoded are 0 and 1. | | | Unary coding is optimal for a Laplacian distribution of values, since the probability P(x>M |
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http://dirac.sourceforge.net/documentation/algorithm/enhancements/130alt_bin.htm
(371 words)
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| | Binary tree coding |
| | To confirm that the binary tree representation makes for efficient representation of blocks of zeros, the test images were coded (using the predictor and quantizers described later) with and without leaf codewords. | | | All that is required to turn the binary pyramid into a tree is to associate single-pel parents in level H(n) with pairs of children in level H(n-1). | | | Indeed, because leaf codewords in a binary tree can apply to 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64 children, there is good reason to believe they will be more efficient than leaf codewords in a quadtree which can apply only to 4, 16 or 64 children. |
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http://www.elec.york.ac.uk/visual/jar11/btpc/bintree.html
(508 words)
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| | Binary coding - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | Binary coding is the term used to describe how information, normally numbers, are stored in binary, radix-2 form. | | | The conventional mathematical way is described in the article about binary numeral systems, however to electronic purposes different ways of encoding numbers are used for efficiency or practical reasons. | | | This page was last modified 21:18, 17 February 2006. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binary_coding
(83 words)
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| | [No title] |
| | Instead of coding the quantized coefficients in LL sub-band, the error value between neighboring or successive values is encoded by an entropy coding scheme. | | | The inability to tune the binary encoding process to the characteristic of the data set (or subset of the data set), may result in overall compression ratios that are not optimal. | | | Since an efficient implementation of the Huffman coding requires a certain statistic analysis, the LUT coding the MHC for the non zero values in ZRLC, in one embodiment of the invention, one can determine an optimal set of such codes based on an analysis of exemplary images. |
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http://www.wipo.int/cgi-pct/guest/getbykey5?KEY=00/02319.000113&ELEMENT_SET=DECL
(7991 words)
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| | Graduate Advances & Defenses - Events - Baskin School of Engineering, UCSC |
| | In this research, a new binary entropy coding method and system for compression and decompression are presented. | | | Although arithmetic coding yields good performance in binary compression, it is a time-consuming technique since it needs intensive computation. | | | For lossless coding, the optimal compression occurs when it reaches the condition of ``the lower bound of entropy''. |
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http://www.cse.ucsc.edu/events/defenses/jsun.html
(525 words)
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| | Table of Contents and Excerpt, Urton, Signs of the Inka Khipu |
| | These (computer) coded programs do not themselves constitute "writing"; rather, they provide the strings of electronic information units--e.g., 11100100/ 01000111/ etc.--whereby we can, for instance, type a text on a computer in alphabetic script, as was done with the text the reader is reading at this moment. | | | One can argue that it is the simplicity of binary coding that gives computing technology and its information systems their great flexibility and seemingly inexhaustible expansiveness. | | | In this study, I explore an earlier and potentially equally powerful system of coding information that was at home in pre-Columbian South America and which, like the coding systems used in present-day computer language, was structured primarily as a binary code. |
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http://www.utexas.edu/utpress/excerpts/exurtsig.html
(8406 words)
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| | Audit Manual, Ch 8, Sec 8.2 - Computer Fundamentals |
| | The values of the binary digits are determined by their position in a multi-digit symbol. | | | The definition of binary coding indicates the presence of two possible conditions. | | | There are three basic types of binary coding that may be encountered when auditing a computerized employer. |
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http://www.twc.state.tx.us/ui/tax/manuals/audit/aud_ch8_2.html
(1402 words)
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| | An overview of the basic principles of the Q-Coder adaptive binary arithmetic coder |
| | The binary arithmetic coding part of the technique is derived from the basic concepts introduced by Rissanen, Pasco, and Langdon, but extends the coding conventions to resolve a conflict between optimal software and hardware implementations. | | | A brief tutorial of arithmetic coding concepts is presented, followed by a discussion of the compatible optimal hardware and software coding structures and the estimation of symbol probabilities from interval renormalization. | | | The Q-Coder is a new form of adaptive binary arithmetic coding. |
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http://domino.research.ibm.com/tchjr/journalindex.nsf/0/af17c5ef1adec54f85256bfa0067f724?OpenDocument
(141 words)
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| | [No title] |
| | --------- Any combinatorial optimisation problem can be coded as a binary one, in order to be solved by a binary optimiser. | | | That is why a binary coding that does not add any constraint is useful. | | | Here is one that can be used each time the search space is a set of permutations P. Let B be the set of binary strings that code for permutations. |
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http://clerc.maurice.free.fr/Maths/BINARY_PERMUT_CODING.C
(428 words)
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| | Compression |
| | The LZ bitrate is asymptotically optimal without the need to know or compute the underlying probability model of the input data. | | | The code of each symbol is the binary sequence labeling the path from the root down to the corresponding leaf | | | Below, the underbraced strings in y are the binary representations of the various values of j |
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http://www.seas.gwu.edu/~ayoussef/cs225/lossless.html
(1582 words)
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| | MIPS Instruction Coding |
| | The coded address is formed from the bits at positions 27 to 2 in the binary representation of the address. | | | For instructions that do not use all of these fields, the unused fields are coded with all 0 bits. | | | MIPS instructions are classified into four groups according to their coding formats: |
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http://www.d.umn.edu/~gshute/spimsal/talref.html
(505 words)
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| | Bk-code |
| | For example such distribution have run-lengths (see section 5.3.3) in a binary representation of a typical typewritten text document. | | | most probable words are coded with natural binary code of length k, thus having codewords of the structure C(k information bits). | | | most probable words are coded with natural binary code of length |
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http://www.cs.technion.ac.il/Labs/Isl/Project/Projects_done/VisionClasses/DIP_1998/Lossless_Compression/node11.html
(163 words)
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| | Untitled Document |
| | Where channels are very bad, as exist in some legacy backplanes, there may be no choice but to go to multi-level coding as the binary signaling solutions just don't have the dynamic range to equalize the channel. | | | This is well understood for binary signaling, but not so for multi-level. | | | Multi-leveling coding carries much promise, but is not well understood in the real-world carrier-class environment where 5-NINES reliability is the absolute minimum in performance. |
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http://www.analogzone.com/io_shoot_5.htm
(2302 words)
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| | [No title] |
| | After initialization of the 128 contexts, the context-decision/pel pairs are input into the binary arithmetic encoder to produce the compressed data stream. | | | Adaptive binary arithmetic coding uses information about the surrounding pels, the context, to modify the probability estimate. | | | This paper explores the incompatibilities of the hardware- and software-optimized binary arithmetic coding conventions and reports on the solution that allowed a merged Qx-coder in hardware. |
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http://www.research.ibm.com/journal/rd/426/mitchell.txt
(4835 words)
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| | Overview of WAP XML Binary Coding |
| | Opaque binary data is, as its name suggest, plain unprocessed binary data inserted into the document, and can be used for any data. | | | These binary encoded documents can take considerably less space than their traditional textual versions, and require less processing to parse and use in software. | | | WAP Binary XML Content Format [WBXML] defines a method for encoding XML documents into a binary format. |
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http://www.s2.org/~pekangas/xml/kangaslampi.html
(1126 words)
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| | Signs of the Inka Khipu: Binary Coding in the Andean Knotted-String Records specs at MSN Shopping |
| | He then investigates the symbolic components of the binary coding system, the amount of information that could have been encoded, procedures that may have been used for reading the khipu, the nature of the khipu signs, and, finally, the nature of the khipu recording system itself--emphasizing relations of markedness and semantic coupling. | | | Signs of the Inka Khipu: Binary Coding in the Andean Knotted-String Records | | | In this book, Gary Urton sets forth a pathbreaking theory that the manipulation of fibers in the construction of khipu created physical features that constitute binary-coded sequences which store units of information in a system of binary recordkeeping that was used throughout the Inka empire. |
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http://shopping.msn.com/specs/shp?itemId=2518481
(290 words)
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| | Fabulous Adventures In Coding : Binary Files and the File System Object Do Not Mix |
| | Second, adding binary file reading/writing is not as straightforward as you might think. | | | Even though writing binary files is not a 'scripty' scenario, it is something that people will want to do now and then. | | | Add a few functions to the FSO to support binary byte reads and writes and y'all are done. |
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http://blogs.msdn.com/ericlippert/archive/2005/04/20/410127.aspx
(1612 words)
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| | GEATbx: Function bindecod |
| | A binary variable is an integer/real number decoded with one binary value and lower bound 0 and upper bound 1, both bounds included. | | | BINary DECODing to binary, integer or real numbers This function decodes binary chromosomes into vectors of binary, integer or real numbers. | | | BinGray - Vector indicating coding of binary values. |
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http://www.systemtechnik.tu-ilmenau.de/~pohlheim/GA_Toolbox/bindecod.html
(321 words)
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| | Halfbakery: Digital Mixed-Power non Binary Coding |
| | Traditional binary only has to use five bits once you get to 16, so already your system is significantly less efficient - it uses a lot more memory space for the same information. | | | About the non-binary: this was an example of mixed powers using binary numbers (0 and 1) but does not necessarily have to be so. | | | BTW, the one reason one might conceivably want (or have wanted) to use a different number base would be that the cost of each unit of storage were proportional to the number of states, three-state storage devices would be more cost-efficient than two-state ones. |
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http://www.halfbakery.com/idea/Digital_20Mixed-Power_20non_20Binary_20Coding
(827 words)
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| | Q21: What are Gray codes, and why are they used? |
| | Example (N=3): The binary coding of {0...7} is {000, 001, 010, 011, 100, 101, 110, 111}, while one Gray coding is {000, 001, 011, 010, 110, 111, 101, 100}. | | | A Gray code represents each number in the sequence of integers {0...2^N-1} as a binary string of length N in an order such that adjacent integers have Gray code representations that differ in only one bit position. | | | Gray codes actually have a longer history, and the inquisitive reader may want to look up the August, 1972, issue of Scientific American, which contains two articles of interest: one on the origin of binary codes [2], and another by Martin Gardner on some entertaining aspects of Gray codes [3]. |
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http://www.faqs.org/faqs/ai-faq/genetic/part6/section-1.html
(875 words)
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| | Skeleton-Based Morphological Coding of Binary Images (ResearchIndex) |
| | 39 Morphological Skeleton Representation and Coding of Binary I.. | | | Abstract: This paper presents new properties of the discrete morphological skeleton representation of binary images, along with a novel coding scheme for lossless binary image compression that is based on these properties. | | | 2 An Efficient Coding Scheme for Binary Images Based on the Mo.. |
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http://citeseer.ist.psu.edu/213054.html
(579 words)
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| | QccENTAdaptiveGolombDecodeChannel.3 |
| | QccENTAdaptiveGolombEncodeChannel() encodes the binary symbol stream in channel using adaptive Golomb coding, outputting the binary codewords to output_buffer. | | | QccENTAdaptiveGolombEncode(3) is then called to produce the binary coding of the channel. | | | Langdon, Jr., "An adaptive run-length coding algorithm," IBM Technical Disclosure Bulletin, vol. |
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http://qccpack.sourceforge.net/Documentation/QccENTAdaptiveGolombDecodeChannel.3.html
(222 words)
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| | Coding a binary data |
| | I just want to code a binary data in C. I mean hera representation is "0x5F", the decimal representation is simply "156" but what is the decimal representation. | | | The ANSI 'C' language does have a binary data notation. | | | C doesn't support binary numerical constants (see K&R). |
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http://www.keil.com/discuss/docs/thread1064.htm
(183 words)
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| | Shape Coding |
| | GPSC consists of a contour pixel matching algorithm and a motion-compliant contour coding algorithm. | | | This paper introduces a new binary shape coding technique called generalized predictive shape coding (GPSC) to encode the boundary of a visual object compactly by using a vertex-based approach. | | | The significance of GPSC is that it provides a generic framework for seamlessly extending conventional vertex coding schemes into the temporal domain yet it retains the advantages of existing polygon-based algorithms for visual content description while furnishing better geometric compression. |
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http://www.ece.utexas.edu/~bevans/papers/2000/shapeCoding
(291 words)
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| | Binary Compression Rates for ASCII Formats |
| | For both, our old coded and our new compressed VRML format, the quantization of vertex positions was to 12 bits of precision and the quantization of texture coodinates to 10 bits of precision. | | | Furthermore the same coding technique can be used to inflate a compressed geometry node, no matter if it was stored in an ASCII VRML file or in a binary VRML file. | | | We demonstrate here a compression technique that does not require a binary format and that is able to achieve the bit-rates of a binary benchmark coder. |
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http://www.cs.unc.edu/~isenburg/research/ac
(777 words)
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| | binary coding of negative values |
| | I have no problems to > import files coded with 1,2 or 4 bytes per > pixel provided the map is all positive, > but I get weird numbers importing negative > values (regardless of # of bytes). | | | > I've found that a file created as: > r.mapcalc "del.me = -1" > r.compress -u del.me > > is coded in 4 bytes per pixel. | | | I'm sure > my program works as it is supossed to because > I have double checked importing grass cell maps > with negative values to other programs (i.e., > Spyglass for Mac) and get the same weird > results. |
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http://grass.itc.it/pipermail/grass5/1995-June/002042.html
(341 words)
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| | Compression and Coding Algorithms |
| | Context: use of binary arithmetic coding to handle multi-symbol alphabets. | | | More than 30 compression algorithms explained with detailed pseudo-code, ranging from unary and binary coding through to calculation of length-limited and alphabetic codes. | | | When this web page is fleshed out, links will be added to coding software; to various web pages listed in the book; to an errata listing; to a teaching plan showing coverage for a 24-hour graduate subject, including some exercises; some pictures; and anything else we can think of. |
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http://www.cs.mu.oz.au/caca
(421 words)
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| | Base-26 Armor |
| | Thus, the coding above used a coding of 14 bits to 3 letters as the starting point, with additional codings of fewer bits to 3 letters to allow all possible binary values for the original 47 bits to be covered. | | | Here, we have some binary values left over, so we can go from decimal to binary, but we cannot use this code to represent arbitrary binary data as decimal digits without some modification. | | | The Gray Code, as shown here, in order to retain the property that makes the conventional Gray Code for binary numbers useful for shaft encoders, uses combinations that correspond to the binary values in the 2*421 code. |
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http://www.quadibloc.com/crypto/mi060301.htm
(2867 words)
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| | Imaging On-Line Store |
| | In this paper, a binary representation method using Huffman tree is introduced to reduce the number of arithmetic operations, and a new probability approximation for L-R arithmetic coding is further proposed to improve the coding efficiency when the probability of LPS (Least Probable Symbol) is near 0.5. | | | In case of encoding a multi-alphabet source, the multi- alphabet symbol sequence can be encoded directly by a multi- alphabet arithmetic encoder, or the sequence can be first converted into several binary sequences and then each binary sequence is encoded by binary arithmetic encoder, such as the L-R arithmetic coder. | | | Encoding of multi-alphabet sources by binary arithmetic coding |
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http://www.imaging.org/store/epub.cfm?abstrid=29236
(162 words)
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| | RFC 2880 (rfc2880) - Internet Fax T.30 Feature Mapping |
| | Also note: the preferred unit bits (44,45) are not tested here, as a Group 3 fax machine must accept and process either form of units for binary images. | | | In the feature set description framework used by eifax systems [1,2,3,4] such dependencies between different features are expressed explicitly. | | | A feature set A is completely contained by B if the feature set match of A and B (obtained by applying the feature set matching algorithm in [2]) is equal to A. 5.1 Image coding 5.1.1 Bi-level coding <------- T.30 bits ---------> 15163136376869737879Feature set expression --+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--++--------------------------------------- x |
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http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc2880.html
(4079 words)
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| | [OSC_dev] Binary<->ASCII coding problems |
| | Heres a heads-up on some things I (or collegues) have been bitten with when transcoding binary message formats to XML: xsd:Float and xsd:Double do not roundtrip to IEEE float and double, eg. |
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http://www.create.ucsb.edu/pipermail/osc_dev/2004-July/000569.html
(186 words)
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| | [No title] |
| | xsym = bi2de(reshape(x,k,length(x)/k).','left-msb'); % C. Map from binary coding to Gray coding. | | | demapping = demapping - 1; % B. Map between Gray and binary coding. | | | x = randint(n,1); % Random binary data stream % Plot first 40 bits in a stem plot. |
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http://www.clemson.edu/cle4_share/CWE/COES0915_CLUG/REFERENCE/matlabr14/toolbox/comm/commdemos/commdocdemos/commdoc_gray.m
(429 words)
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| | Adcott's Binary Translator |
| | This tool will convert regular text to binary and vice-versa... |
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http://www.adcott.net/binary
(18 words)
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| | Automatic Generation of C++/Java Code for Efficient Binary Arithmetic Coding |
| | We then propose a highly efficient, lookup table-based, renormalization method that can be used by any binary arithmetic coder with the follow-on procedure. | | | Automatic Generation of C++/Java Code for Efficient Binary Arithmetic Coding | | | We first present a set of simple parameters for describing any binary arithmetic coder. |
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http://www.ctr.columbia.edu/~danny/publications/csvt_2005b.htm
(146 words)
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| | Frsq: A Binary Image Coding Method (ResearchIndex) |
| | 1 Efficient shape coding algorithm by quadtree decomposition f.. | | | 1 Multiresolution shape coding algorithm for MPEG (context) - Mei-Juan, Yuan-Pin et al. | | | @misc{ william-frsq, author = "Peter Stanchev William", title = "Frsq: A Binary Image Coding Method", url = "citeseer.ist.psu.edu/546630.html" } |
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http://citeseer.ist.psu.edu/546630.html
(309 words)
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| | Binary Coding Systems |
| | A bit (short for BInary digiT) represents one of these two states. | | | As sound, graphics, and video are digitized; the concept of a byte has become less appropriate. | | | These codes are often represented a hexadecimal numbers. |
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http://carbon.cudenver.edu/~druby/iam/bits.html
(489 words)
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| | Binary coding... |
| | Yes, it's REAL binary code, not made-up 0's and 1's. | | | Ask the kind people of http://nickciske.com/tools/binary.php I don't know binary code, I just wanted to see if anyone knew about this site. | | | I'm attempting it now, I used to be able to read binary a few years back. |
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http://www.dosgames.com/forum/post-5804.html
(518 words)
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| | ThinkGeek :: LED Binary Clock |
| | Get one of these puppies and you are on your way to truly becoming one with the binary... | | | Startup option allows user to display time in 'True' binary mode (using the binary coding of 32/16/8/4/2/1) | | | New Feature - Now Displays Time In True Binary As Well As Powers Of Two Binary Mode! |
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http://www.thinkgeek.com/cubegoodies/lights/59e0
(259 words)
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| | Automatic Generation of C++/Java Code for Binary Arithmetic Coding |
| | Automatic Generation of C++/Java Code for Binary Arithmetic Coding | | | Despite its wide use, different arithmetic coders are generally incompatible with each other and application developers are faced with the difficult task of understanding and building each coder. | | | We present a set of simple parameters that can be used to describe any binary arithmetic coder that is currently being deployed and we also introduce a software tool for automatically generating C++/Java code for binary arithmetic coding, according to the description. |
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http://www.ee.columbia.edu/~danny/publications/pcs_2004.htm
(145 words)
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