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| | 5.6 Correlation analysis results interpretation |
 | | It seems rather intuitive that we should witness an increase of the jitter mean for breathier sound, where the vocal folds do not operate optimally and therefore produce a more inconsistent vibration frequency (a less stable pitch) [47]. | | | It is important to mention that the way this ratio is computed (see equation 4.5) completely changes the outcome of the KS test. | | | This means that the descriptors we compute from the noise component will be even more informative, since we can't rely on a priori knowledge from the literature. |
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http://www.music.mcgill.ca/~thibault/Thesis/node61.html
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| | eMedicine - Vocal Fold Paralysis, Unilateral : Article by Clark A Rosen, MD |
| | Voice evaluation: Voice evaluation by a speech-language pathologist is often helpful to determine the degree of maladaptive compensatory behavior present. | | | This evaluation should include a patient-based assessment of the voice function and head and neck examination, including indirect laryngoscopy and voice evaluation by a speech pathologist. | | | This allows the surgeon to control or adjust the surgery to optimize the voice quality at the end of the procedure. |
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http://www.emedicine.com/ent/topic347.htm
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| | Article |
| | Included in the voice synthesis system are algorithms permitting F0 variation, period perturbation (jitter), amplitude perturbation (shimmer), simulated magnitudes of glottal noise (NNE), spectral tilt and so on. | | | In figure 5, the F0 pattern of the instructor can be stored on the computer screen in blue color, and then student can compare the performance of an attempt to match the instructor’s pattern by tracing in red color. | | | The magnitude of amplitude perturbation (shimmer) in a synthesized vowel appears to be highly related with perceived hoarseness, but not to perceived breathiness. |
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http://www.drspeech.com/Paper.html
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| | Labelling of voice quality |
| | In most languages a contrast between segments is achieved on an articulatory basis rather than by different phonation types (defined in section 5.1), although for example breathiness is phonemic for vowels in Gujarati and for stops in Igbo (Ladefoged and Maddieson, 1996:47, 304). | | | In this regard the respective characteristics are perceived to be dependent on the language used. | | | The languages using phonation contrasts are summarized in Table I. Table 1: Examples of languages which use phonation types distinctively (after: Ladefoged and Maddieson, 1996) |
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http://www.ims.uni-stuttgart.de/phonetik/EGG/page8.htm
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| | 4aSC19 Acoustic and perceptual investigation of breathy voice. |
| | Results showed that the algorithm reliably distinguished breathy from clear tokens for all three speakers, with higher HNRs for clear than for breathy tokens. | | | Finally, perceptual rating experiments will be conducted to determine if the algorithm's performance correlates with perceived degree of breathiness. | | | Performance of the algorithm was tested on three speakers (2 male, 1 female) of Javanese producing a word list of 31 minimal breathy/clear word pairs. |
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http://www.auditory.org/asamtgs/asa95wsh/4aSC/4aSC19.html
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| | Source-Tract Acoustic Interaction in Breathy Voice |
| | Since the time scales in the figure and the accuracy of the inverse filter settings were not optimum for this purpose, it is not expected that the results will exhibit the accuracy that can be attained in this type of computation. | | | The perturbation we refer to would be independent of, and would add in or subtract from, any changes in the timing of the glottal area oscillations. | | | On an enlarged copy of Figure 37-2, we connected positive and negative peaks of the flow waveform, and the average value of now at the center of each pulse. |
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http://www.rothenberg.org/Sourcetractbv/Sourcetractbv.htm
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| | Voiceproblem.org: The Voice Problem Website |
| | However, with a quickly evolving medical field, The Voice Problem Website cannot make warranties or representations as to the continuous accuracy of the information provided at this site, and assumes no liability or responsibility for any errors or omissions in its content. | | | In our Glossary, we have assembled a list of common definitions that may help you understand the information presented, as well as a collection of the graphics and images used throughout this site. | | | This section also includes information on new developments in voice care. |
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http://www.voiceproblem.org
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| | Kansas Voice Center - Common Voice Disorders |
| | Treatment for vocal nodules involves working with a speech language pathologist to change voice behaviors and modify one’s environment accordingly. | | | Inactivity of the vocal folds can lead to weaker muscles in the larynx, therefore, resulting in a less than optimal voice. | | | A paralysis in a more adducted (closed) position may spare the voice or only result in mild hoarseness. |
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http://www.kansasvoicecenter.com/common_disorders.html
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| | Types of phonation |
| | The degree of opening and its timing is relative to the articulatory gestures and depends on the phonetic environment of a generated sound. | | | Each phonatory class has a different specification in terms of these physiological parameters. | | | The vibrations' frequency of is just below the value typical of the modal voice. |
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http://www.ims.uni-stuttgart.de/phonetik/EGG/page10.htm
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| | Types of Disorders |
| | If you have a diagnosis of hyperkeratosis or leukoplakia on your vocal folds, your doctor will be watching you carefully because those are considered pre-malignant lesions (they could possibly turn to cancer). | | | May be weak, breathy, rough, diplophonic (two pitches occurring at the same time), or just a whisper. | | | The result may or may not be a stronger voice, but it usually starts a vicious cycle where more and more effort is required. |
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http://www.lionsvoiceclinic.umn.edu/page3b.htm
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| | Lift up your voice |
| | That was about as far as one could go in the eighties and nineties at the academic level. | | | Voice "management" should be an integral part of any interpreter's toolbox. | | | I taught conference interpretation for many years, and one of the sacrosanct principles I instituted was to start every class of simultanous interpetation with Breathing Exercises. |
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http://www.aiic.net/ViewPage.cfm/article481.htm
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| | Voice care for performers |
| | Because so many things can affect vocal health, investigating a voice problem is a complex business. | | | In learning to care for your voice and produce it well, you gain valuable set of skills that continue to be of benefit as long as you use them. | | | Like any physical skill, good vocal technique must be learned at a physical level. |
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http://shelaghdavies.com/areasofpractice/performers.html
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| | Actions of the Larynx |
| | Listen to L CD examples and examine waveforms with PRAAT software in class. | | | Breathy voicing (more gradual opening and closing) produces a fundamental frequency and some low amplitude harmonics. | | | Note: in voiced version, there might not be a pressure decrease, but the pressure is not increasing as in a plosive. |
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http://darkwing.uoregon.edu/~guion/411notes/actlar.htm
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| | Symptom Guide: Hoarseness |
| | Do I need a doctor to evaluate my hoarse voice? | | | But what should your doctor do for you? | | | Such voice changes are almost always related to a problem either in the vocal cords or in the nerves which supply the vocal cords. |
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http://www.doctorhoffman.com/sxhoarse.htm
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| | Laryngoscopy - [Medical Test] - Quest Diagnostics Patient Health Library |
| | Using either indirect or direct laryngoscopy helps a doctor: | | | Direct rigid laryngoscopy may be used to perform surgical procedures, including removing foreign objects that may get caught in the throat, collecting tissue samples (biopsy), removing polyps from the vocal cords, or performing laser treatment. | | | Direct rigid laryngoscopy may also be used to help diagnose cancer of the voice box (larynx). |
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http://www.questdiagnostics.com/kbase/topic/medtest/hw232056/whydone.htm
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| | SID B |
| | Breathy voice is used in many languages as a paralinguistic signal of passion. | | | An example: suppose rule A changes some consonants from voiceless to voiced in some environments and rule B only applies to voiceless consonants. | | | These are the only two units in the system which are plosive and velar and they are distinguished by the voicing feature. |
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http://www.phon.ucl.ac.uk/home/johnm/sid/sidb.htm
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| | Modelling of voice quality correlates |
| | The most common mathematical representation of derivative of glottal pulse airflow is the LF (Liljencrants / Fant) Glottal Pulse Model. | | | Further classification of pathological voice qualities: A wide range of parameters is used to describe the “voice roughness”, its fluctuations in amplitude and temporal domains. | | | Although due to the high glottis impedance, it is assumed that the interaction between the two system is negligible vocal tract configuration is to a certain degree correlated with the source excitation signal. |
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http://dea.brunel.ac.uk/cmsp/Home_Emir_Turajlic/introduction.html
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| | CFV - Spasmodic Dysphonia |
| | Vocal tremor, which may be related to benign essential tremor, is also focal and task-specific and may be confused with SD. | | | The spasms open the larynx at the wrong time rather than closing it. | | | SD is categorized as a laryngeal (focal) "dystonia." In contrast to generalized dystonias (movement disorders), focal dystonias are localized but may be exacerbated while performing a specific task. |
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http://www.voice.northwestern.edu/spasmod.html
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| | Journal of Voice : The use of an auditory model in predicting perceptual ratings of breathy voice quality. @ HighBeam ... |
| | These distances were also compared with measures obtained from the output of the auditory model. | | | The present study used an auditory model proposed by Moore et al (10) to study how changes in the acoustic spectrum may relate to changes in perceptual ratings of breathiness. | | | Results also demonstrate that measures obtained from the auditory spectrum were better predictors of perceptual ratings of breathiness than were commonly used |
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http://static.highbeam.com/j/journalofvoice/december012003/theuseofanauditorymodelinpredictingperceptualratin/index.html
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| | Articles - Phonation |
| | For example, Gujarati has vowels with a half-lax phonation called breathy or murmured, and Burmese has vowels with a half-tense phonation called creaky or laryngealized. | | | In languages such as French, all obstruents occur in pairs of a voiced one and an unvoiced one. | | | Although each language may be somewhat different, it is convenient to classify these into discrete categories. |
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http://gaple.com/articles/Phonation?mySession=b5f3a389b8965031a417b4f1cf77...
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| | Diseases of the Larynx |
| | As you view the following examples of diseases of the larynx, you can compare them to this example. | | | This can be a learned behavior, but may be the result of true vocal fold weakness. | | | Vocal fold bowing, can result from neural, muscular, traumatic, congenital, or functional causes, with or without vocal fold atrophy, and can result in vocal weakness. |
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http://www.texasvoicecenter.com/larynx.html
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| | Hoarseness |
| | In some cases, special tests (known as acoustic analysis) designed to evaluate the voice, may be recommended. | | | Problems with the voice are best managed by a team of professionals who know and understand how the voice functions. | | | Use a microphone if possible in situations where you need to project your voice. |
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http://www.entnet.org/healthinfo/throat/hoarse.cfm
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| | Chapter 12 |
| | o positive value for VOT means voicing onset occurs after the release of the stop. | | | Voiced sounds have an earlier VOT than voiceless sounds. | | | terms voiced and voiceless often represent a difference in VOT rather than a phonetic description of vocal fold activity. |
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http://www.chass.utoronto.ca/~nrosen/lecture10.html
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| | Hoarseness |
| | The second is a rough or coarse voice caused by a growth or swelling on the vocal cord and this results in a hoarse voice and is the subject of this algorithm. | | | Assuming the patient is not at high risk for cancer, voice quality is checked, the breathy voice is identified and referred, and the hoarse voice is then evaluated. | | | If the patient is willing, a 7-10 day course of absolute voice rest is optimal. |
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http://www-surgery.ucsd.edu/ent/DAVIDSON/Pathway/Hoarse.htm
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| | Voice Disorders |
| | Voice production relies on the interaction of the respiratory, laryngeal, resonance and articulation systems and is controlled by the nervous system. | | | For example, a teacher may develop poor vocal behaviour by using the voice in a noisy classroom during an episode of acute laryngitis and hoarseness. | | | People suffering from Parkinson's disease may develop a weak breathy voice and slurred speech. |
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http://www.skullsurgery.aust.com/html/voicedisroders.html
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| | UT Medical Group, Inc. - Otolaryngology - Voice Care Associates |
| | We will assist you in beginning programs which will allow you to develop skills designed to maximize your vocal potential. | | | Nothing is more important to the professional or serious voice user than their ability to communicate. | | | Our unique team of voice care specialists will evaluate your present vocal communication skills and help you identify goals and objectives. |
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http://www.utmedicalgroup.com/pages/depts/oto_voicecare.html
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| | MEEI-Voice Disorders |
| | Professional help should be sought if such symptoms persist, since these may be signs of underlying physical problems. | | | home > otolaryngology department > voice and speech | | | Individuals with voice disorders may experience symptoms such as hoarseness, breathy voice quality, difficulty projecting voice, voice loss, voice that is easily fatigued or deteriorates with use. |
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http://www.meei.harvard.edu/shared/oto/voice.php
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| | Phonation |
| | A person's tendency to use various (combinations of) types of phonation is one of the most important things that makes their voice "theirs". | | | The number of times this occurs in a second is the fundamental frequency of voice. | | | Different pitches of modal voicing can be used in tone languages to create contrasts between segments. |
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http://umanitoba.ca/faculties/arts/linguistics/russell/138/sec5/phonatio.htm
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| | VOICE DISORDERS |
| | Etiology: (1) frequently associated with the changing voice of the adolescent male and are usually a temporary stage that changes with time (2) may occur as a result of laryngeal pathology or as an accompaniment to conditions that involve some loss of neural control of phonation | | | Symptoms: varying degrees of breathing problems, diplophonia, and dysphonia | | | Definition: A small ulceration that develops on the medial surface of the vocal processes of the arytenoid cartilages. |
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http://mick.murraystate.edu/cdi624/fall97/disords.htm
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| | Speech Pathology by speech-pathology.com |
| | Bontril: Speech Pathology by speech-pathology.com Speech and language impairments may occur separately in a person, or the individual may demonstrate both types of impairments; to further complicate matters, this distinction is usually not easy to make. | | | Speech and language impairments may occur separately in a person, or the individual may demonstrate both types of impairments; to further complicate matters, this distinction is usually not easy to make. | | | Such disorders are often caused by changes in the shape of the vocal cords (e.g., swelling of the vocal cords, growths on the vocal cords such as vocal nodules). |
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http://www.medication-store.com/jdot1/product_2259_detailed.html
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| | Breathy voice - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | This page was last modified 10:54, 18 June 2005. | | | A breathy voiced stop (symbolised either as [bʱ], [dʱ], [gʱ], etc. or as [b̤], [d̤], [g̈], etc.) is often followed by an h-like offglide that delays the onset of full voicing–this is the normal pronunciation of the Hindi "voiced aspirated stops" bh, dh, jh, gh. | | | A breathy-voiced transition [ɦ] (not actually a fricative, as a literal reading of the IPA chart would suggest) can be heard as an allophone of English /h/ between vowels, eg. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/?title=Breathy_voice
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| | Phonation types and glottal flow |
| | A method which attempts to overcome these problems will be described in the following chapter. | | | It should be mentioned however, that the existing parametrization of pathological voices often fails in practice, primarily due to the high complexity and multidimensionality of pathological voice quality. | | | Pathological voices are characterized by higher values for those parameters. |
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http://www.ims.uni-stuttgart.de/phonetik/EGG/page14.htm
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| | Vocal cord paralysis |
| | For example, if only one vocal cord is damaged, the voice is usually hoarse or breathy. | | | Vocal cord paralysis is a voice disorder that occurs when one or both of the vocal cords (or vocal folds) do not open or close properly. | | | Typically vocal cord paralysis causes a breathy or hoarse voice and an inability to project the voice loudly. |
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http://www.entcolumbia.org/vocpar.htm
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| | funky characters in shoebox interlinearization |
| | In class we assumed this appears because Shoebox automatically inserts '-', which is converted to DoulosIPA93 and appears as the breathy voice diacritic. | | | In class we assumed this > appears because Shoebox automatically > inserts '-', which is converted > to DoulosIPA93 and appears as the > breathy voice diacritic. | | | And if none of this is important or makes sense to you, you can safely to ignore this message. |
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http://www.indiana.edu/~iulcsecy/L4313095_bbs/L4313095.cgi?read=16
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| | Laryngitis |
| | A voice that is hoarse, raspy, or weak may result from excessive use, such as after cheering at a sports event. | | | You may have a sore throat before you begin to have voice problems, and you may continue to have some degree of throat discomfort as the quality of your voice declines. | | | Healthwise disclaims any liability for the decisions you make based on this information. |
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http://www.healthnowny.com/kbase/topic/mini/ue5046/symptoms.htm
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| | Botox Injections for adductor spasmodic dysphonia |
| | It may not be necessary to return immediately for another injection, because you may still have several to many weeks of reasonable vocal function. | | | You may find that you have to take a breath frequently when you talk, because you run out of air so quickly. | | | Within a few hours the voice may become weak and breathy. |
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http://www.voicedoctor.net/therapy/sd/ad.html
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| | Hexapedia - List of linguistic topics |
| | F false cognate - false friend - formal language - fricative consonant - function word - fusional language - future tense | | | G gender - general semantics - genitive case - gerund - glottal consonant - glottal stop - glottochronology - grammar - grammatical mood - grammatical number - grammatical voice - grave accent - Great Vowel Shift - Grimm's law - guttural consonant | | | D dangling modifier - dative case - decipherment - declension - defective verb - descriptive linguistics - dental consonant - derivation - determiner - diacritic - diaeresis - dialect - dictionary - diphthong - discourse - dislocation - double acute accent - dual grammatical number |
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http://www.hexafind.com/encyclopedia/List_of_linguistic_topics
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| | ACOUSTIC ANALYSIS, SYNTHESIS AND PERCEPTION OF BREATHY VOICE |
| | In this paper we first investigate temporal and frequency characteristics of both glottal harmonics and noise components of breathy vowels and then perceptual significance of selected acoustic parameters for breathiness quality, on the basis of a speech synthesis model. | | | Problems still remain, however, with the significance of individual acoustic parameters for the perception of breathiness quality, specifically the contribution of glottal turbulence noise. | | | Fritzel et al., 1986), a psycho-acoustic impression of the extent of the air leakage through the glottis (Hirano, 1981), an enhanced first harmonic level (e.g. |
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http://www.klab.jp/publication/abs1990/ab1990-1.html
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| | Vocal nodules & voice strain in pre-adolescents - Caroline Bowen |
| | This stress is generally referred to as "vocal abuse". | | | voice breaks, which are fleeting interruptions to the voice, during speech or singing, as though it "cuts out" for a second | | | Some young people with vocal problems have developed habitually loud voices simply in order to "get the message across" in a constantly loud household. |
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http://members.tripod.com/Caroline_Bowen/teen-nodules.htm
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| | Breathy voice - definition of Breathy voice in Encyclopedia |
| | Embed a dictionary search in your own web page | | | ] etc.) is often followed by an h-like offglide that delays the onset of full voicing–this is the normal pronunciation of "voiced aspirated stops" such as Hindi bh, dh etc. | | | A breathy voiced glottal approximant can be heard as an allophone of English [h] between vowels, e.g. |
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http://encyclopedia.laborlawtalk.com/Breathy_voice
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| | My hubby opts for a dame in the dashboard csmonitor.com |
| | One hand on the wheel, the other is fondling a small Global Positioning System (GPS) unit mounted to the dashboard, the NeverLost Magellan. | | | The breathy voice of our car's GPS unit even speaks seven languages. | | | It's the turn I suggested, but now my husband is convinced. |
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http://www.csmonitor.com/2003/0821/p18s02-hfes.html
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| | Clone Jennifer Lopez breathy voice |
| | Change your voice to chat anonymous in voice chat and have online fun. | | | Music Morpher also comes with a CD maker tool set, including CD ripper and burner, audio converter, CD label and cover editor. | | | Listen to music in different colors and make new songs. |
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http://www.jennifer-lopez.bz
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| | [No title] |
| | I have been diagnosed with a patulous eustachian tube with resulting autophonia. | | | I also have been diagnosed with slight vocal cord gapping resulting in breathiness in my vocal quality. | | | Both conditions improved when I bend over and increase blood flow/pressure. |
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http://ofcn.org/cyber.serv/hwp/hwc/ent/news/ent342.html
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| | Untitled Document |
| | This paper extends the analysis of Javanese vowels to a wider range of vowels, describes in precise detail what the acoustic characteristics of Javanese slack voice are, and then examines the acoustic characteristics of the 'emphatic' voice quality often used in Javanese. | | | The acoustic qualities of this emphatic voice quality are the characteristics usually associated with what is more typically called breathy voice. | | | Thus, it is necessary to extend the range of voice qualities found in Javanese from stiff and slack to include this breathy voice used for emphasis. |
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http://www.csuchico.edu/~elzbieta/ElaS04.html
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| | The Aryepiglottic Folds and Voice Quality in the Yi and Bai Languages |
| | In this movie the glottis remainsl open (especially the area between the arytenoids), allowing large quantities of air to escape into the pharyngeal cavity. | | | ’round object, chives’ just after incomplete adduction of true vocal folds that are still separated to produce breathy voice | | | Zemlin 1998:175 has reported, “the most commonly cited correlate [of breathy voice] is a persistent chink in the posteriormost portion of the glottis.” As can be seen Bai breathy voice (Yi does not possess breathy voice quality) also shows this hallmark chink configuration. |
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http://ling.uta.edu/~jerry/research/folds/breathy.html
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| | Breathy voice -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article |
| | A breathy voiced (Click link for more info and facts about glottal) glottal (Click link for more info and facts about approximant) approximant can be heard as an ((linguistics) any of various acoustically different forms of the same phoneme) allophone of English [h] between vowels, eg. | | | Breathy voice -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article | | | (Click link for more info and facts about Creaky voice) Creaky voice |
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http://www.absoluteastronomy.com/encyclopedia/B/Br/Breathy_voice.htm
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| | themusicedge.com :: Xiu Xiu: Musical Bloodlines |
| | His father had a number one hit in the '60s with a band called We Five, which opened for bands like the Byrds and Bo Diddley. | | | That voice belongs to Jamie Stewart, with whom I spoke with about growing up in a musical family. | | | It takes music of a certain caliber to throw a listener off-guard upon hearing it, and on the newest release by Xiu Xiu, Fabulous Muscles, this mission is accomplished with flying colors and a breathy voice. |
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http://www.themusicedge.com/moxie/news/spotartist/xiu-xiu-musical-bloodline.shtml
(578 words)
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| | Symptoms and Corresponding ICD-9-CM Codes |
| | 784.49 Voice disturbance, Other: Change in voice, Dysphonia, Hoarseness, Hypernasality, Hyponasality | | | Can you provide examples of signs and symptoms for voice disorders? | | | 784.40 Voice disturbance, unspecified or 784.41 Aphonia, loss of voice |
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http://asha.org/about/publications/leader-online/b-line/bl041102-charts.htm
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| | Album offers few clues to singer's death |
| | But I couldn't abide, went missing again," the Oscar-nominated artist sings on the posthumous album "From a Basement on the Hill." | | | PORTLAND, Ore. - Elliott Smith's high-pitched, breathy voice soars over the acoustic guitar, whispering of loneliness and pain. | | | Enter your email address to get Weekend 411 from Club Zone (weekly) newsletters. |
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http://www.azcentral.com/ent/music/articles/0925smith.html
(650 words)
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