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| | Central processing unit - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
 | | Various forms of computer memory (for example, DRAM) are also often used to provide inputs and outputs for CPU operations. | | | Since the term "CPU" is generally defined as a software (program) executing device, the earliest devices that could rightly be called CPUs came with the advent of the stored program computer. | | | In 1964, IBM introduced its System/360 computer architecture, which was used in a series of computers that could run the same programs with different speed and performance. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_processing_unit
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| | Computers - Encyclopedia.WorldSearch |
| | Some programming languages map very closely to the machine language, such as assembler (low level languages); at the other end, languages like Prolog are based on abstract principles far removed from the details of the machine's actual operation (high level languages). | | | In reality, the CPU executes instructions from one program, then after a short period of time, it switches to a second program and executes some of its instructions. | | | Typically, the computer's memory is located on a few small integrated circuits near the CPU. |
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http://encyclopedia.worldsearch.com/computers.htm
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| | An illustrated Guide to CPUs from 8086 to Pentium-III |
| | To understand the data processing methodology, an understanding of the design and function of the CPU is essential. | | | The CPUs have for years doubled their performance about every 18 months (Moore's Law), and there are no indications that this trend will stop. | | | CPU history starts in 1971, when a small unknown company, Intel, for the first time combined multiple transistors to form a central processing unit - a chip called Intel 4004. |
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http://www.karbosguide.com/hardware/module3a1.htm
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| | PCWorld.com - How It Works: CPUs |
| | The CPU performs three basic operations on data: It reads data, it manipulates that data, and often it writes that data to memory. | | | The CPU Inside Your PC Two players dominate the PC CPU market: Intel, which powers about 80 percent of business and home computers, and Advanced Micro Devices. | | | After the CPU interprets and performs an instruction, the control unit tells the fetch to grab the next instruction in memory. |
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http://www.pcworld.com/hereshow/article/0,aid,16682,00.asp
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| | IPM - CPUs |
| | Current CPU designers are getting worried: they know they need a totally different way of computing. | | | For example, one CPU may have a built-in instruction to draw a box. | | | All of this can play havoc with a logical computer. |
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http://www.mckinnonsc.vic.edu.au/la/it/ipmnotes/hardware/cpu/cpu.htm
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| | AusForum - *IMPORTANT* info on Intel CPUs |
| | Computer CPUs as you know is the heart of the system without it the computer is like a body without the heart. | | | Pentium 4 is the best suited computer CPU for desktop PC and if you want to buy any CPU for desktop PC then I would recommend you that you buy Pentium 4 range of computer CPUs. | | | As usual Intel is the best computer CPU making brand in the whole world. |
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http://www.ausforum.com/showthread.php?t=27499
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| | CPUs Ranked by Noise / Heat :: SilentPCReview.com |
| | Although fanless CPU cooling is a kind of Holy Grail for many enthusiasts, it is, by itself, not enough to make a computer silent. | | | If judicious undervolting and underclocking are utilized in conjunction with efficient heatsinks and optimized case airflow, it is possible to approach state-of-the-art-performance with very little noise. | | | In terms of the real computing experience, smaller differences are generally not relevant and subject to so many other influences such as RAM, hard drive performance, video card performance and so on. |
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http://www.silentpcreview.com/article31-page1.html
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| | Making it stick.: Scaling to Thousands of CPUs |
| | Over the next few years, your ordinary applications will be able to tap into systems with, say, 7,000 CPUs, 50 tera bytes of memory, and 20 peta bytes of storage. | | | One neat thing about Erlang is the sequential aspects of the language are so spartan, the programmer is forced to think about processes. | | | In 2005, Azul Systems will ship compute pools with as many as 1,200 CPUs per a single standard rack... |
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http://patricklogan.blogspot.com/2005/01/scaling-to-thousands-of-cpus.html
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| | Tweak3D.Net - Your Freakin' Tweakin' Source! |
| | When you say CPU today, the first thing that pops into the heads of an average computer user is Intel or AMD. | | | Arguably one of the fastest advancing components of computer technology, the CPU has leaped to extraordinary levels on both workstation and desktop platforms alike. | | | Going back to the old school days, before the real boom of computer popularity, many other companies were developing their own processors. |
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http://www.tweak3d.net/articles/x86
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| | Java threads may not use all your CPUs |
| | One way to use multiple CPUs on a single machine is to run multiple processes that communicate via the various forms of interprocess communication, such as semaphores and shared memory. | | | Getting multiple equivalent CPUs to cooperate in one machine is known as symmetric multiprocessing (SMP); running a single-CPU machine is known as uniprocessing. | | | Indeed, for software not designed for an SMP system, adding a CPU may increase performance by no more than 30 percent. |
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http://www.javaworld.com/javaworld/jw-08-2000/jw-0811-threadscale.html
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| | CPUs - Windows Clusters Resource Centre, University of Southampton, UK |
| | With the dropping of Windows NT/2000 support for Alpha processors, the choice of which CPU to use in Windows Clusters is easier. | | | While every effort is taken to ensure that the information published on this web site is accurate to the best of our available knowledge at the time of publishing, we cannot be held responsible for any loss or damage resulting either directly or indirectly from any published material. | | | See our CPU performance page for the latest comparisons. |
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http://www.windowsclusters.org/cpus.htm
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| | Tom's Hardware Guide Processors: The Mother of All CPU Charts Part 1 - From 1995 To 2005: 116 CPUs From 100 MHz To 3800 ... |
| | Indeed, it was fascination (or was it an obsession?) with the course taken by CPU technology in the past 11 years that motivated THG to conduct a comparative test of this magnitude. | | | Starting with the CPU platforms - from Socket 5 from 1995 to the current Socket 775 - no less than seven different evolutionary stages were observed in the case of processor manufacturer Intel alone. | | | But then again, this project was about more than just tallying up CPU benchmarks. |
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http://www17.tomshardware.com/cpu/20041220
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| | LinuxHardware.org System of the Year X2 CPUs: Revisited |
| | The CPU coolers we chose for this review were a couple that I picked up at my local computer shop. | | | The Athlon MP 2200+ CPUs we've acquired for testing today are based on revision A of the Thoroughbred core that is also found in the Athlon XP 2200+. | | | Algorithm Level) tests; benchmarks designed to expose the capabilities of a system's CPU, FPU, and memory system." Although this benchmark is quite old, it is still relevant as it shows how many applications heavily reliant on these specific components of your system will perform. |
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http://www.linuxhardware.org/article.pl?sid=02/09/09/238251&mode=thread
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| | [H]ardOCP - Upcoming Intel Processors |
| | First up we see what will be the first Intel dual core desktop processor codenamed "Smithfield." This CPU will best be thought of as two Pentium 4 Extreme Editions side by side on one piece of silicon. | | | Upcoming Intel Processors : A quick look at what CPUs we will be seeing from Intel in 2005 and 2006 as spoken about at IDF this week. | | | From there we move to desktop CPUs that are both dual core and single core. |
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http://www.hardocp.com/article.html?art=NzM0
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| | All x86 CPUs @ Computers @ METALBUNNY.NET |
| | This list, of all the x86 CPUs ever made for the PC, started its life as being simply a means for me to figure out what each CPU costed at various resellers. | | | Around that time (in mid-1998) I subscribed to the Alt-CPU mailing list, and occasionally people asked for voltage levels or multiplier settings for various CPUs. | | | In the years that's gone by since then, I've tried to keep the list up to date with every new CPU released since. |
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http://www.metalbunny.net/computers/x86cpu.php
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| | Server CPUs > Extra CPUs At The Flip Of A Switch > April 25, 2001 |
| | Also, a fluid number of CPUs could affect software licenses based on the number of CPUs, which is how Oracle (stock: ORCL) bills. | | | "It's about decoupling the hardware and the CPU licenses and realizing that the user owns the hardware, but the [inactive] CPUs are still owned by the vendor," Enns said. | | | The HP solution also uses extra CPU capacity as a guarantee of uptime. |
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http://www.techweb.com/wire/story/TWB20010426S0001
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| | X-bit labs - Hardware news - AMD Athlon XP to Migrate to Socket 754. |
| | This means that software developers will not be very interested in optimizing their products for higher-end AMD 64-bit CPUs earlier than in 2005 or even later timeframe. | | | In order to replace the current Socket A platforms and force migration to the newer Socket 754 mainboards, AMD will make improved microprocessors that will be based on Athlon 64 architecture, but will be branded as “AMD Athlon XP” and will not be able to run advanced 64-bit applications for x86-64 architecture. | | | According to the most-recent top-secret roadmaps of Sunnyvale, California-based Advanced Micro Devices, the cost-effective versions of AMD Athlon 64 processors known under code-names “Paris” and “Victoria” will be made in Socket 754 form-factors and will not be able to work in 64-bit mode as the higher-end Athlon 64 CPUs. |
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http://www.xbitlabs.com/news/cpu/display/20030821060723.html
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| | PC Perspective / Amdmb Forums - How much faster are 64bit CPUs than 32bit CPUs? |
| | P.S. Is a cycle the time it takes for the cpu to process everthing in the cache or the time it takes for the cpu to grab data from the cache, process it and then grab some more data? | | | I always thought that latencies depended on the RAM not cpu. | | | P.S. I read somewhere that the P4s have higher clock speeds than AMD CPUs because they execute less instructions per cycle than AMD CPUs. |
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http://forums.pcper.com/printthread.php?t=368244
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| | Hardware Analysis - Dual core CPUs, don’t get your hopes up |
| | Therefore it is very likely that when you buy a dual core CPU system you can’t make efficient use of it until the software developers catch up. | | | Nevertheless, once all of these things come together; dual core CPUs and 64-bit computing on both Intel and AMD platforms, we should see some healthy improvements again. | | | Well, I doubt it, as there’s a few things that need to be firmly in place before anyone can reap the benefits of dual core CPUs, much like 64-bit computing AMD has been touting for the past three years. |
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http://www.hardwareanalysis.com/content/article/1774
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| | Datasheet |
| | The Gap between CPU and Memory Performance is Continuing to Grow. | | | As a result, today's processors are stalled as much as 75 percent of the time while they wait for data from memory. | | | In accordance with Moore's Law, CPU clock frequency has doubled every two years. |
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http://www.sun.com/processors/throughput/datasheet.html
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| | SuperLinux Encyclopedia - CPUs and Ports of Linux |
| | Also see Distributions for Linux on particular CPUs. | | | Using MMX with Linux "for developing Linux applications using Intel's MMX technology." | | | CPU Review (CPU and Graphic Accelerator reviews; M$-centric) |
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http://slencyclopedia.berlios.de/cpus.html
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| | BYTE.com |
| | Both are 32-bit CPUs with 2X8 registers, 2X16 on-chip caches, 64-bit memory, and secondary cache buses. | | | RISC processors offered by IBM/Motorola, Exponential Technology, and Digital Microelectronics handily trounce Intel CPUs in performance and clock speed. | | | Like Intel's offerings, Cyrix's M2 and AMD's K6 are 32-bit CPUs with 2X8 registers, 64-bit memory, and secondary cache buses. |
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http://www.byte.com/art/9704/sec17/art1.htm
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| | [H]ardOCP - AMD 939-pin CPUs |
| | The Athlon64 CPUs that inhabit the socket 939 will pick up the benefits of dual channel memory while the 754-pin CPUs stay with single channel. | | | We compare Intel's 3.4EE and legacy CPUs as well. | | | Now that we have all of this out of the way, let's move to the rest of our contenders and see how they stack up against Intel and past CPUs. |
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http://www.hardocp.com/article.html?art=NjI2
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| | Core PC Tech - CPUs & Memory |
| | The new CPUs integrate Intel's version of x86-64, known as EM64T. | | | Preview: Intel may have been first to the market with dual-core CPUs, but AMD is right behind them with the launch of its dual-core Opteron. | | | We benchmarked the 3.6GHz model 560 and compare it against other Intel CPUs and the latest Athlon 64 offering. |
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http://www.extremetech.com/category2/0,1556,507,00.asp
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| | CPU-Collector.com |
| | I have tried my best to provide the most accurate information on the CPUs in my collection, but information on the website should not be considered definitive and may be incorrect. | | | Welcome to CPU-Collector.com, the place where CPU collectors can browse, research, and discuss all things CPU related. | | | May 23, 2004: Website goes online, but information in the database is still limited at this time. |
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http://www.cpu-collector.com
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| | Via CPUs don't support some Linux distributions |
| | SuSE Linux confirmed this morning that distributions since version 8.1 have difficulty recognising some CPUs. | | | IT'S NOT ONLY Sun's Solaris that has problems recognising Via's X86 CPUs, it has emerged. | | | For SUSE LINUX 9.0 we modified our kernel to no longer use the CX8 instruction, so 9.0 should work fine even on those VIA "Pentium compatible" CPUs". |
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http://www.theinquirer.net/?article=13853
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| | Sharky Extreme - '+$ArtG+' - '+$ArtC+' - '+$ArtN+' |
| | We didn't expect to be evaluating production units of 800MHz CPUs from either Intel or AMD in 1999, however it seems now that both companies will end the millenium with announcements/shipments of this high MHz class of processor. | | | Meanwhile, regardless of the public posturing Intel or AMD practices in relation to each other, (they seem hell bent lately on telling the press that they operate without concern for what the other is doing, or planning) it seems that both companies are indeed closely watching what the other does. | | | Surprised that Sharky Extreme is reviewing three new high-end CPUs from Intel just six weeks after the current top-of-the-line P3-733 was released? |
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http://www.sharkyextreme.com/hardware/reviews/cpu/pentium3_800b
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| | Will Your Clients' PCs Run Windows Vista? |
| | Older CPUs with 128 or 256 MB of memory and older graphics will be capable, he said. | | | In the interim, Microsoft is suggesting customers leave themselves room to, at a minimum, upgrade their PCs' graphics. |
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http://www.thechannelinsider.com/article2/0,1895,1844227,00.asp
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| | MS to intro hardware-linked security for AMD64, Itanium, future CPUs The Register |
| | In the longer (presumably not hugely longer) term all volume CPUs will have it, and it will clearly encourage developers to go down Microsoft's preferred development route (i.e., the one that leads to Longhorn) as quickly as possible. | | | Microsoft is to introduce hardware-linked security technology with Windows XP Service Pack 2, and beyond that will make "additions to Windows" supporting the technology, execution protection (NX). | | | The.NET Framework, for example, works with the NX bit set." |
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http://www.theregister.co.uk/content/4/33729.html
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| | USENIX 2001 Technical Program - Abstract |
| | The slab allocator [Bonwick94] provides efficient object caching but has two significant limitations: its global locking doesn't scale to many CPUs, and the allocator can't manage resources other than kernel memory. | | | To support more general resource allocation we introduce a new virtual memory allocator, vmem, which acts as a universal backing store for the slab allocator. | | | Magazines and Vmem: Extending the Slab Allocator to Many CPUs and Arbitrary Resources |
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http://www.usenix.org/events/usenix01/bonwick.html
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| | The CPU Scorecard - Top CPU Benchmarks & Comparison Scores |
| | NOT RECOMMENDED: Either the price is too high for the marginal performance gain offered to the typical computer user, or the computer will not likely be fast enough to adequately run the latest applications, games, or operating systems. | | | Approximated scores are for comparison purposes only and are subject to improvement in accuracy without notice as additional benchmark information becomes available. | | | CANNOT RECOMMEND: If you're buying a computer built around this CPU, make sure you're getting a good deal on its other components. |
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http://www.cpuscorecard.com/top_cpus.htm
(282 words)
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| | Identification of x86 CPUs with CPUID support |
| | This part of article describes recognition of contemporary x86 CPUs supporting the CPUID instruction (beginning with newer versions of 486). | | | EAX = maximum value of CPUID argument supported by the CPU (on early Intel Pentium sample chips EAX contained the CPU signature, described below, so its value was >500h. | | | Exit (for Intel CPUs only, others are similar but not the same!): |
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http://grafi.ii.pw.edu.pl/gbm/x86/cpuid.html
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| | Second Hand Smoke - Multi-CPUs - Cheap Enough TG Daily |
| | I certainly would consider a dual CPU rig if I could see noticeable benefits when I have Microsoft Office's five applications open at one time. | | | I mean, I don't care about the performance of Word or PowerPoint on their own. | | | That depends on how you work, what applications you run, and how good you are at keeping both your CPUs happy. |
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http://www6.tomshardware.com/smoke/01q2/010406/index.html
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| | ScienceDaily -- Browse Topics: Computers/Hardware/Components/Processors |
| | Instead of the trend toward hardware making complex decisions for scheduling machine-level instructions in programs, VLIW systems do scheduling at compile time. | | | MIPS Technologies, Inc. - Makes popular RISC CPU used in consumer electronics, SONY Playstations, some SGI workstations. | | | Upgradeware Technology - Manufacturer of CPU upgrade products. |
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http://www.sciencedaily.com/directory/Computers/Hardware/Components/Processors
(1136 words)
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| | Great Microprocessors of the Past and Present |
| | A microprocessor generally means a CPU on a single silicon chip, but exceptions have been made (and are documented) when the CPU includes particularly interesting design ideas, and is generally the result of the microprocessor design philosophy. | | | In addition, parts that used to be separate (FPU, MMU) are now usually considered part of the CPU design. | | | More detailed documentation of microprocessor instructions sets can be found at Microprocessor instruction set cards: |
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http://www.sasktelwebsite.net/jbayko/cpu.html
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| | VR-Zone : Technology Beats - Upcoming Intel Desktop CPUs Info |
| | Intel has published a PCN (Product Change Notification) was on July 30th with some changes in packaging technology of tray CPUs mostly meant for OEM channels. | | | VR-Zone : Technology Beats - Upcoming Intel Desktop CPUs Info |
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http://www.vr-zone.com/?i=1049&s=1
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| | Database-SQL-RDBMS HOW-TO document for Linux (PostgreSQL Object Relational Database System): CPUs for PostgreSQL |
| | Korean CPU from Samsung 64-bit CPU original from DEC Alpha http://www.samsungsemi.com Alpha-64bit CPU is at http://www.alpha-processor.com Now there is collaboration between Samsumg, Compaq of USA on Alpha CPU | | | See the document http://metalab.unc.edu/LDP/HOWTO/CPU-Design-HOWTO.html for list of CPUs available for PostgreSQL and also this document gives details on CPU design. | | | Main CPU site is : Google Search engine CPU site "Computers>Hardware>Components>Microprocessors" http://directory.google.com/Top/Computers/Hardware/Components/Microprocessors |
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http://www.powerusersbbs.com/linux/HOWTO/PostgreSQL-HOWTO-16.html
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| | workstation definition of workstation in computing dictionary - by the Free Online Dictionary, Thesaurus and ... |
| | In all cases, the term implies a machine with a fast CPU and large amounts of memory and disk that is geared toward the professional user rather than the consumer. | | | A workstation may be a RISC-based computer that runs under some version of Unix or Linux, the major vendors being Sun, HP, IBM and SGI. | | | It may also refer to a high-end PC using Intel or AMD CPUs from any PC vendor. |
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http://computing-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/workstation
(283 words)
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| | CPUs |
| | (news) Intel cripples its next-generation value CPU, analyst says; and new chip set can't take up the slack. | | | (news) Next-generation CPU with NetBurst microarchitecture boosts instruction volume (and processing speed). | | | (news) Intel will offer 64-bit CPUs that can also handle 32-bit apps. |
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http://pcworld.about.com/od/cpus/index_a.htm
(1017 words)
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| | General Software, Inc. - Embedded BIOS CPUs |
| | Pre-written CPU Personality Modules are available from General Software for all standard deeply-embedded CPUs. | | | Others (such as SC300/SC400/SC520 for example) use chipset modules instead. | | | The following are deeply embedded CPUs supported by Embedded BIOS. |
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http://www.gensw.com/pages/prod/bios/cpus.htm
(196 words)
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| | Sharky Extreme |
| | AMD Athlon 1.4 GHz CPU Review - 06/06/2001 | | | AMD Athlon Thunderbird 1.1GHz CPU Review - 08/28/2000 | | | AMD Athlon "Thunderbird" 1.2GHz CPU Review - 10/17/2000 |
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http://www.sharkyextreme.com/hardware/cpu/index.php
(379 words)
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| | Hardware Analysis - Dual CPUs, Worth the Money? - Introduction |
| | A couple of years ago computers with more than one CPU were high-end workstations and servers with a price tag far beyond what any customer would be willing to spend on a computer; today a dual CPU system is affordable and clearly starting to gain in popularity. | | | The 760 MP also found its way into many workstation and server systems were it performed admirably and on par, or better than, Intel’s Pentium III Xeon systems. | | | An AMD SMP system with 266MHz DDR SDRAM and two Athlon MP CPUs proved to be the better performing, and cheaper, solution for many customers as the Intel SMP systems were often priced much higher. |
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http://www.hardwareanalysis.com/content/article/1511
(465 words)
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| | The Most Anticipated CPUs of 2003 |
| | Opterons will carry 1MB of Level 2 cache and three HyperTransport links; their integrated memory controller is currently described as a dual-channel DDR266/333 design. | | | This integrated design, which no one would have criticized had Hammer shipped six months ago, may prove sticky in a few months' time with Intel exploiting the flexibility of external (chipset rather than CPU) memory controllers to leapfrog to the higher bandwidth of dual-channel DDR400. | | | Unlike carmakers, CPU vendors don't just introduce the 2003 models in the fall of 2002 -- they add new processors all year long (which is good), as well as tantalizing tech fans by busily leaking information about products that won't really ship until 2004 or 2005 (which is bad). |
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http://www.cpuplanet.com/features/article.php/1551991
(597 words)
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| | SBS Technologies > Single Board Computers (SBC) and CPUs |
| | SBS offers a comprehensive portfolio of single board computers and CPUs designed to satisfy your specific application needs. | | | SBS Technologies > Single Board Computers (SBC) and CPUs | | | We offer a variety of form factors, processor speeds, memory configurations, I/O expandability, and various levels of ruggedization for demanding environmental requirements. |
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http://www.sbs.com/products/singleboard
(97 words)
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| | Technorati Tag: cpus |
| | Latest Intel CPU Results The latest set of CPU results now available.. | | | PNY add to memory family PNY Technologies have announced a new addition to its DDR2 memory line-up. | | | The CPU is water cooled using an internal/external system... |
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http://www.technorati.com/tag/cpus
(647 words)
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