|
| |
| | How to create a language: Sounds |
 | | For example, English couldn't possibly have a glottalized consonant, because it would use a contrast not found elsewhere in the language and wouldn't survive long. | | | Consonants which are out of the system (because they use exceptional contrasts, for example) tend to be left out and disappear or are merged with similar consonants. | | | The most complex systems are those found in the Khoisan linguistic family; the !Xũ language (also written !Kung) has 141 phonemes, with 92 consonants, 47 of which are clicks. |
|
http://www.pueblacity.com/ego-pdf/ng/lng/how/how_sounds.html
(3566 words)
|
|
| |
| | Phonetics and Phonology |
| | For an overview of the IPA symbols for pulmonic, glottalic and velaric consonants, see:- | | | Click here for a print formatted PDF version of these topics |
|
http://www.ling.mq.edu.au/speech/phonetics/phonetics/airstream_laryngeal
(128 words)
|
|
| |
| | Phonology |
| | In general, languages which have laryngealized sonorants must have glottalic stops. | | | Greenberg: Laryngealized sonorants are as counterparts in some way to the glottalic and laryngealized consonants. | | | 7.9 Phonetic explanation for the structure of glottalic systems |
|
http://mails.fju.edu.tw/~phono/handout7.htm
(912 words)
|
|
| |
| | Linguistics 120 |
| | One member of your pair should bring a computer to class on Wednesday. | | | Schwa glissando: Fundamental and harmonics change, formants stay the same. | | | Glottal waveform, F0 = 100 Hz (similar to Johnson Figures 5.1 and 5.2) |
|
http://www.unc.edu/~moreton/Ling120/120log.html
(1397 words)
|
|
| |
| | Apolyton Civilization Forums > Miscellaneous > Archive > Off-Topic-Archive > I'm creating a language! |
| | And for the writing system, ordinarily stress is marked by an accent mark, but i'm too lazy to use the special codes to get accented characters. | | | Yeah, I know about glottalics and velarics, I just made my phonological system based on some of the most common sounds (so it's like a typical langauge with the exception of lacking m). | | | And that you find a more visually appealing way of rendering the stresses (or just don't mark them down, like English doesn't) |
|
http://apolyton.net/forums/showthread.php?s=&threadid=99836
(2564 words)
|
|
| |
| | Inner Workings of the Big Menacing Thing |
| | I'm not sure how I did, but he talked about it a bit when people were all done and I KNOW I didn't miss the question on the eggressive versus the ingressive glottalic airstream mechanism. | | | Now that you're all mostly dead from boredom, I'll move on. | | | I got full points, but still, it's not really easy stuff. |
|
http://siliconinsight.com/naomi/2004_06_01_archives.html
(4994 words)
|
|
| |
| | ConsProd |
| | airstream initiator - is it a pulmonic egressive airstream; velaric ingressive; glottalic ingressive; glottalic egressive? |
|
http://www.udl.es/usuaris/m0163949/consprod.htm
(1726 words)
|
|
| |
| | Encyclopedia: Voiced uvular implosive |
| | In speech there are different ways of producing a consonant. | | | Implosive consonants are plosives (rarely affricates) with a glottalic ingressive airstream mechanism. | | | The airstream mechanism is glottalic ingressive, which means it is produced by pulling air downward with the glottis, rather than pushing it out. |
|
http://www.nationmaster.com/encyclopedia/Voiced-uvular-implosive
(3115 words)
|
|
| |
| | glottalic consonant: Information From Answers.com |
| | Egressive glottalics are also called ejectives, while ingressive glottalics are known as implosives. | | | A number of Caucasian languages, as well as Native American languages, and many others, feature ejectives (as well as other forms of glottalization, pharyngealization, etc.). | | | However, sonorants (including vowels) may also be glottalized, in which case the larynx doesn't move, but rather the normal voicing is interupted by closure of the glottis. |
|
http://www.answers.com/topic/glottalic-consonant
(476 words)
|
|
| |
| | Glossary |
| | Ingressive sounds are rather rare in human languages. | | | These sounds are also known as ingressive glottalics. | | | These sounds are also known as egressive glottalics. |
|
http://pueblacity.com/ego-pdf/ng/lng/glossary.html
(4929 words)
|
|
| |
| | [No title] |
| | An airstream initiated by the glottis is called a glottalic airstream. | | | The velaric ingressive airstream produces speech sounds known as "clicks" which occur in double articulations in some African languages, for example, Xhosa. | | | Both egressive and ingressive glottalic airstreams are used to produce speech sounds. |
|
http://www.udl.es/usuaris/m0163949/airflow.htm
(2012 words)
|
|
| |
| | Airstream mechanism - LearnThis.Info Enclyclopedia |
| | glottalic ingressive - where a sound is produced by sucking air into the glottis, rather than pushing it out. | | | glottalic egressive - where a sound is produced by pushing air out of the glottis, rather than from the lungs. |
|
http://encyclopedia.learnthis.info/a/ai/airstream_mechanism.html
(144 words)
|
|
| |
| | PPT Slide |
| | made with a pharyngeal or glottalic ingressive airstream mechanism |
|
http://web.grinnell.edu/courses/lin/S01/LIN114-01/Phonetics3-Phonology1/tsld007.htm
(9 words)
|
|
| |
| | CA162 Principles of Linguistics ACL1 Phonetics Notes 2 - Processes of Speech Production |
| | The majority of speech sounds in all languages are PULMONIC, but VELARIC or GLOTTALIC sounds are found in a large number of languages. | | | GLOTTALIC nasals, like other glottalic sounds, must be voiceless. | | | VELARIC NASALS are possible, but involve two simultaneous airstreams: a VELARIC one which produces an ORAL sound, and another airstream (glottalic or pulmonic) which produces a NASAL sound at the same time. |
|
http://www.compapp.dcu.ie/~alex/CA162/PHONETICS/processes.html
(1131 words)
|
|
| |
| | 1 |
| | 1.2.2.1 Glottalic initiation – involving the larynx and glottis. | | | There are a set of sounds called voiced implosives, which involve ingressive glottalic initiation, but also involve the vibration of the vocal folds. | | | There are two main types of airflow that can be utilized for the production of speech INGRESSIVE and EGRESSIVE: an ingressive airflow flows into the vocal tract, an egressive airflow flows out of the vocal tract. |
|
http://users.ox.ac.uk/~phon0013/Airstream%20mechanisms%20web%20page.htm
(906 words)
|
|
| |
| | sidi |
| | Implosives which are found in the world's languages are nearly always voiced and combine the above mechanism with a simultaneous pulmonic egressive airstream. | | | An ingressive airstream is one which moves from outside the vocal tract to the inside. | | | A term used to describe a feature of speech which helps to identify or characterise the speaker. |
|
http://www.phon.ucl.ac.uk/home/johnm/sid/sidi.htm
(500 words)
|
|
| |
| | Chapter 12 |
| | (there are other glottal states, but we will not cover them) | | | this forms a second type of air stream mechanism – glottalic – in which th eglottis is the initiator, moving up and down like a piston. | | | glottalic: glottis is closed, larynx is lowered prior to release. |
|
http://www.chass.utoronto.ca/~nrosen/lecture10.html
(517 words)
|
|
| |
| | [No title] |
| | The ejectives also have a pharyngeal or glottalic airstream mechanism, but an egressive one. | | | W: The voiced implosives are made with a pharyngeal or glottalic ingressive airstream mechanism. | | | We pronounce them without any specific simultaneous articulation, and they are accordingly voiceless. |
|
http://www.phon.ucl.ac.uk/home/wells/iparecor.txt
(2078 words)
|
|
| |
| | Airstream Mechanisms Lecture & Sounds |
| | Really a misnomer as should be a lingual aristream mechanism | | | Glottal size can be varied by sliding one end of the vocal folds by moving the arytenoid cartilages. | | | Glottalic: use glottis (space between vocal folds) as mechanism |
|
http://www.cs.indiana.edu/%7Eadamlear/l306/ch6_lecture.html
(283 words)
|
|
| |
| | Networking and Network Security |
| | Because they were describing voiced ingressives instead of ejectives (which are, almost by definition, voiceless). | | | No, ejectives use a glottalic egressive airstream mechanism. | | | Oh, then the articles must've been fixed since the last time I looked. |
|
http://www.subnetworking.com/wiki/Talk:Ejective_consonant
(506 words)
|
|
| |
| | Stop consonant - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | Some languages have stops made with other mechanisms as well: ejective stops (glottalic egressive), implosive stops (glottalic ingressive), or click consonants (velaric ingressive). | | | The normal mechanism is pulmonic egressive, that is, with air flowing outward from the lungs. | | | This page was last modified 21:29, 13 Jun 2005. |
|
http://www.bonneylake.us/project/wikipedia/index.php/Stop_consonant
(1053 words)
|
|
| |
| | B07 Sound patterns in Human Language: Airstream mechanisms |
| | This is not used regularly in languages, but you can do a pulmonic ingressive uvular trill if you try (that's a snore). | | | The articulatory description of this sounds complex, but when you hear these sounds made, they are easy to imitate. | | | Sounds odd, and is a little hard to control. |
|
http://cspeech.ucd.ie/~fred/teaching/oldcourses/phonetics/airstream1.html
(742 words)
|
|
| |
| | Phonetics |
| | The English language has about 13 vowel and 24 consonant phonemes (depending upon dialect), which have multiple allophones. | | | The total number of phonemes in languages varies from as few as 10 in the Pirahã language, 11 in Rotokas (spoken in Papua New Guinea), 12 in Hawaiian and 30 in Serbian to as many as 141 in !Xu (spoken in southern Africa, in the Kalahari desert). | | | These may range from familiar sounds like /t/, /s/ or /m/ to ones rarely heard by English speakers, using non-pulmonic airstream mechanisms such as the velaric and glottalic airstreams and/or ingressive articulation (see: clicks, phonation, airstream mechanism). |
|
http://www.kiwipedia.com/en/phonetics.html
(599 words)
|
|
| |
| | University of York : Compendium of Elective Modules : Language |
| | airstream mechanism (pulmonic, velaric, glottalic; ingressive, egressive; ejective, implosive); | | | Module content: By the end of week 9, you will be familiar with basic symbols of the International Phonetic Alphabet; you will be able to name the principal organs involved in producing speech; and you will be familiar with at least the following categories of phonetic description: |
|
http://www.york.ac.uk/admin/sro/modules/ugrad/lang.htm
(5509 words)
|
|
| |
| | Air-stream mechanism exercises |
| | I use it below in combination with [b] and [d] in place of the correct IPA symbols for bilabial and alveolar implosives, due to lack of the appropriate symbols in a web-readable font. | | | ] is a non-standard, non-IPA diacritic meaning "ingressive air". |
|
http://www.phon.ox.ac.uk/%7Ejcoleman/airstream_exercises.htm
(65 words)
|
|
| |
| | G'amah: Phonology |
| | Ejective: (also called glottalic egressive) a sound where the glottis is initially closed, and air is released at the same time as the glottal closure is. This term generally applies to unvoiced stops. | | | [s.H] An interesting kind of dissimilation is regularly found, too; when there are two underlying glottalics of the same kind in adjacent syllables, the second one becomes plain (for example, the reduplication of k'a is k'aka, but t'a + d'u = t'ad'u, since t' is ejective and d' is implosive -- though this has exceptions). | | | Implosive: (also called glottalic ingressive) a sound that is produced by rapidly lowering the glottis at the same time the mouth is opened to swallow air. |
|
http://www.pueblacity.com/ego-pdf/ng/lng/gamah/gamah_phon.html
(818 words)
|
|
| |
| | [No title] |
| | velar glottalic egressive sound with simultaneous nasal hum d. | | | bilabial velaric ingressive stop with simultaneous creaky-voice nasal hum 4. | | | Describe briefly why each of the following airstream mechanism will or will not be affected in a patient whose larynx was surgically removed (assumed that the lungs can still flow through the trachea). |
|
http://www.clas.ufl.edu/users/ratree/lin3201/hw1.doc
(234 words)
|
|
| |
| | Airstream Mechanism |
| | Generally, there are three types of airstreams including pulmonic which is initiated by the respiratory muscles of the lungs, glottalic which is initiated by the upward or downward movements of the glottis; and velaric which is initiated by the backward and downward movement of the tongue to the velum. | | | There are two types of airflow directions: egressive (air is pushed out of the mouth thorugh the vocal tract) and ingressive (air is sucked into the vocal tract through the mouth during part of the articulation). |
|
http://www.ctlwmp.cityu.edu.hk/lingintro/english/sounds/phonetics/index-airstream.htm
(205 words)
|
|
| |
| | dialect |
| | Many sounds in these languages do not appear in English. | | | E.g., ejectives - made with a glottalic egressive airstream |
|
http://spa3201-01.sp00.fsu.edu/dialect.html
(942 words)
|
|
| |
| | PPT Slide |
| | These are extremely rare as a distinctive speech sound, being found only in the Khoisan languages of Southern Africa and in many of the Southern Bantu languages. | | | Speech sounds made with the larynx acting as a piston are known as ‘glottalic’: if ingressive, the term ‘implosive’ (or ‘injective’) is used; if egressive, ‘ejective’. | | | Such sounds are less common but are not rare, being found in the Athabascan languages of North America, the Mayan languages of Central Am., Quechua and Aymara of the Andes, throughout the Caucasus, West and Southern Africa, and in dialects of Armenian. |
|
http://trill.berkeley.edu/PhonLab/classes/ling110_2002/PowerPoint02/02-29aug/tsld048.htm
(170 words)
|
|
| |
| | BertinEnglish |
| | The first type, he says, employs a simple pulmonic egresssive airstream, the second combines this airstream with a velaric ingressive one, and the third one adds to these two a glottalic ingressive airstream. | | | LADEFOGED makes these observations from experimental evidence using examples from Western African languages like YORUBA and he reaches the conclusion that the YORUBA labial-velar stops are of the second type. | | | There is an articulatory closure, the location of which depends upon the active and the passive articulators involved, which in turn effect the quality of the oral stop concerned. |
|
http://www.lpl.univ-aix.fr/lpl/personnel/yeouhenoue/bertinenglish.htm
(2575 words)
|
|
| |
| | OTS Bulletin Board -- Phonetics |
| | What is the difference between a glottalic ingressive and an implosive? | | | What is the difference between > a glottalic ingressive and an implosive? |
|
http://ots.utoronto.ca/cgi/admin/users/LIN228-summer01/bb.cgi?read=52
(64 words)
|
|
| |
| | [No title] |
| | Stop variants: lateral release, glottal stop, flap/tap (know how these variants work) | | | Know that it is an intermediate articulation (catch it; cat shit example) | | | Labial, Apical (includes dental, alveolar and retroflex in chart), Palatal, Velar, Glottal |
|
http://www.cs.indiana.edu/~adamlear/l306/final_review.html
(515 words)
|
|
| |
| | IV |
| | [h] = voiceless glottal fricative (obstruction occurs at the glottis) : | | | [ ] = glottal stop (air totally stopped at the glottis) | | | ex.: bottle, glottal, Latin (Cockney accent, New Yorkers) |
|
http://fog.ccsf.cc.ca.us/~rmorel/IV.htm
(606 words)
|
|
| |
| | Actions of the Larynx |
| | Glottalic Ingressive Stop (Implosive) Produced by closure at the glottis and in oral cavity. | | | Glottalic Egressive Stop (Ejective) Produced by a closure at the glottis and in oral cavity. | | | When closure released, air rushes out (the burst). |
|
http://darkwing.uoregon.edu/~guion/411notes/actlar.htm
(344 words)
|
|
| |
| | Consonante de Implosive |
| | Las consonantes de Implosive son consonantes ingressive glottalic, significando que el aire está aspirado en los pulmones mientras que pronunciarlos más bien que expelieron fuera de la boca como en consonantes pulmonic. |
|
http://www.yotor.net/wiki/es/co/Consonante%20de%20Implosive.htm
(64 words)
|
|
|
