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| | File Retrieval and Editing System - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
 | | FRESS was heavily used for instructional computing (probably being the foundation for the first hypertext systems used in education, particularly for teaching poetry and biology), as well as typesetting many books. | | | The File Retrieval and Editing SyStem, or FRESS, was a hypertext system developed at Brown University in 1968 by Andries van Dam and his students, including Ted Nelson and Bob Wallace. | | | A summary of FRESS functionality, particularly in relation to markup systems, is available in [1]. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FRESS
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| | [No title] |
| | Hypertext Editing System In the late 1960s the Hypertext Editing System was developed on a mainframe computer. | | | The nodes are `hypertext', `documents', `computers', and `users'. | | | A fascinating hypertext system was developed in the early 1960s but not made widely available in part because of the costliness of associated hardware. |
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http://www.uwm.edu/IMT/MiscDocs/~doc/emacsbook/Emacsbook-2
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| | [No title] |
| | First of all, these systems were bound-in to fixed base computers, and later into decentrally networked computer systems (distributed hypertext systems). | | | This system was financed by IBM and ran with 128K of working memory on a /360 main-frame computer. | | | A standard for the programming of hypertext documents was established with this system and it spread like wild fire because it could be used on any computer irrespective of its type or construction. |
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http://www.ljudmila.org/~vuk/nettime/zkp4/58.htm
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| | Personal Narratives |
| | Hypertext Hypertext is a form of electronic writing and although its origins go back to at least 45 years (Bush, 1945), hypertext software has been generally accessible only in the past few years. | | | This advantage is augmented by the fact that hypertext furnishes researchers with computer files, rather than the piles of paper scraps and note cards, that can be easily manipulated by other computer applications such as word processors, data bases, and presentation graphics programs. | | | The utility of hypertext software for qualitative researchers can be seen by considering its application to traditional þsegment and sortþ techniques of data analysis wherein researchers first þ... |
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http://www.coe.uga.edu/quig/proceedings/Quig92_Proceedings/horney.92.html
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| | Hypertext |
| | Nelson coined the word "hypertext" in 1965 and helped Andries van Dam develop the Hypertext Editing System in 1968 at Brown University; Engelbart had begun working on his NLS system in 1962 at Stanford Research Institute, although delays in obtaining funding, personnel and equipment meant that its key features were not completed until 1968. | | | Guide was the first hypertext system for personal computers, but it was not very successful. | | | Timeline of hypertext technology and human-computer interaction projects and developments. |
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http://www.worldhistory.com/wiki/H/Hypertext.htm
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| | Hypertext Editing System -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article |
| | HES ran on an IBM (additional info and facts about System/360) System/360/50 (A large digital computer serving 100-400 users and occupying a special air-conditioned room) mainframe computer, which was inefficient for the task of running such a revolutionary system. | | | Multiple "windows" may be created on the screen, permitting the user to see and work on several parts of his text complex at once, for example letting him copy a text string from one area to another, with both in view. | | | The immediate future of this system will be concerned with its improvement and adapation for increased convenience. |
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http://www.absoluteastronomy.com/encyclopedia/h/hy/hypertext_editing_system.htm
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| | [No title] |
| | Such systems may be valuable for beginners wrestling with the idiosyncrasies of programming languages. | | | An economic analysis of this failure indicates not only that the system cost should be low, but also that the system must fit into the work flow of the users in a way that makes the computer decidely more attractive than paper or other options. | | | Recent advances in computer systems, such as the mouse, make some analogue capabilities available and are related to the revived interest in memex-type devices. |
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http://www.uwm.edu/IMT/MiscDocs/~doc/emacsbook/Emacsbook-4
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| | From hypertext to hypermedia. Overview of the development of open-ended works. Carles Tomàs i Puig |
| | Users of multimedia systems conceptually construct text, even though they have to use a grammar they are unfamiliar with, if a grammar is understood as the set of rules established by the construct and delimited by the author. | | | Although it is not strictly a tool for hypertext creation, it became an industry standard by the hand of Apple’s policy, which included it with the software for its Mac computers. | | | Interactive communications systems for networks are based on a language and technologies that radically change the way information is structured and acquired. |
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http://www.iua.upf.es/formats/formats2/tom_a.htm
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| | Hypertext History -- Early Systems, Programs, Applications, Engelbart NLS, ZOG ... |
| | The File Retrieval and Editing System (FRESS) was developed by Yankelovich and Meyrowitz in 1985 to build on Engelbart's NLS system. | | | Starting with Douglas Engelbart's influential NLS system in 1968, several working hypertext systems were developed over the years as both research efforts and commercial products. | | | Developed by Peter Brown in 1986 at the University of Kent at Canterbury (UKC) as the first commercial hypertext system for the personal computer, enabling hypertext linking and browsing of information and a content update capability. |
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http://www.livinginternet.com/w/wi_hyper.htm
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| | infos about: hypertext system |
| | Therefore, a well-constructed hypertext system can encompass, incorporate or supersede many other user interface paradigms like menus and command... | | | Jump to: navigation, search This article is about the computer technology. | | | Douglas Engelbart demonstrated the first computerized hypertext system, called NLS /Augment circa 1968. |
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http://www.sylix.de/hypertext_system.html
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| | "Hypertext '87 Keynote Address" |
| | So, while hypertext is not in the humanities computing books yet, which means that humanities scholars by and large do not yet know it exists, it will come through the HyperCard phenomenon, through the proceedings of this workshop, and the networking that this workshop will engender. | | | My point of view is that in a sense hypertext gives us a goto, and a goto, as we all know, produces spaghetti. | | | We started working on the Hypertext Editing System, which was essentially dual-purpose. |
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http://www.cs.brown.edu/memex/HT_87_Keynote_Address.html
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| | History of Hypertext |
| | Xanadu, a global hypertext publishing system, is the longest-running vaporware story in the history of the computer industry. | | | The research was funded by IBM and the first hypertext implementation, Hypertext Editing System, ran on an IBM/360 mainframe. | | | The original version of Guide was a PERQ workstation hypertext system based on the work of Peter Brown of University of Kent at Canterbury developed in 1982. |
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http://ei.cs.vt.edu/~wwwbtb/book/chap1/htx_hist.html
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| | Systems and People |
| | Since conventional file systems are not adequate to implement such a system, Project Xanadu has focused much of its attention on the re-design and re-implementation of file systems. | | | WE can be used both as a hypertext system as well as an authoring system with advanced graphical, direct manipulation structure editing capabilities [Conklin, 1987]. | | | There are three other windows: an editor window, a query window, and a window to control system modes and the current working set of nodes. |
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http://www2.umassd.edu/topics/foundations/systempeople.html
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| | marketfilm |
| | HES made it possible for programmers to do on-screen editing on a large scale, type a string as long as the user wants and to make links within a document which brings you to another part of the document or a totally new document.It is all about links and branching text. | | | In the 1980s van Dam developed his fourth-generation of hypertext systems, this was called the Intermedia, this all-purpose hypertext-editing system allowd users to change timelines, graphics, etc. | | | He has done research on computer graphics, text processing and hypermedia systems. |
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http://marketfilm.blogspot.com
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| | Kelly's Thesis |
| | In 1968, Doug Engelbart demonstrated the NLS [Engelbart 1988] system that was part of his Augment project at the 1968 Fall Joint Computer Conference. | | | This was the first hypertext system to include graphics and a point-and-click interface using a mouse. | | | In December of 1991, the system was demonstrated at Hypertext'91. |
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http://www.csee.wvu.edu/~kbrown/thesis/literature.html
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| | History of Hypertext and the Web |
| | Lee was already using a hypertext system, and he thought of the web as a way to implement it on a broader level: | | | Hence, the development of earlier hypertext systems were absolutely crucial to the creation of the Web. | | | Many other hypertext systems were developed following 1965. |
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http://www.boraski.com/www/hypertext.html
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| | Andy van Dam - The Creator of Hypertext Systems |
| | FRESS was the first hypertext system to be used in schools. | | | When Andries van Dam and his colleagues at Brown University created the first hypertext system in 1967, he immediately gave recognition to the founders of the idea of a hypertext system. | | | FRESS was the first hypertext system that defied size of its information. |
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http://www.cs.berkeley.edu/~jasonh/cs39i-seminar/project1/AndyVanDam
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| | A Brief History of Interactive Multimedia |
| | In 1968, Andries Van Dam at Brown University developed the Hypertext Editing System, which was intended to serve two purposes: to produce printed documents and to explore the hypertext concept. | | | In summary, these early hypertext systems were mainframe-based, and had little or no graphics capabilities. | | | Van Dam’s second hypertext project at Brown was called the File Retrieval and Editing System (FRESS, completed in 1982). |
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http://www.cs.sunysb.edu/~tony/364/historyofMM/historyofMM.html
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| | User Interface: GUI History |
| | The ZOG project (1977) from CMU was another early hypertext system, and was funded by ONR and DARPA. | | | Engelbart's NLS system at the Stanford Research Laboratories in 1965 made extensive use of linking. | | | The Hypertext Editing System, jointly designed by Andy van Dam, Ted Nelson, and two students at Brown University was distributed extensively. |
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http://cne.gmu.edu/itcore/userinterface/GUIHistory2.html
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| | Making Hyppermedia Work: Foreword |
| | HyTime's hypertext features are sufficiently complete to provide a superset of the features in many hypermedia publishing systems available today, including, for example, Brown's Intermedia system and the World Wide Web. | | | Steve is the chief architect of Electronic Book Technologies' DynaText system, the first commercially available SGML-based hypermedia publishing system, and wrote the SGML parser for that system. | | | In 1967 Theodor Nelson, coiner of the word hypertext, co-designed with me and my students the Hypertext Editing System, the first hypertext system to run on commercial computer and display equipment. |
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http://cs-people.bu.edu/dgd/foreword.html
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| | 2L670: Hypermedia Structures and Systems |
| | Andries van Dam develops the Hypertext Editing System at Brown University, followed by the introduction of FRESS in 1968. | | | However, the first hypertext ideas and developments are much older, older in fact than most other phenomena in computer science. | | | However, one development which must be mentioned is the introduction of the World Wide Web, a freely accessible distributed hypertext, for which several freely available user-interfaces exist, and through which this course is being made available. |
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http://www.kluge.net/~mrv/class/rh/nl/static/history.html
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| | Transformative Approaches to Social Organization: 2.1 Augmented hypertext editing
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| | The challenge for the editor is to optimize the degree of integrity and system resilience in anticipation of unforeseeable future developments. | | | But the editing process, in response to new information or insights, may call for some of those naming phrases to be split off into a new problem entity -- possibly a broader problem, a narrower problem, or a sister problem. | | | In the case of world problems, for example, an entity may be named by a collection of from 1 to 10 phrases, each of which captures aspects of it. |
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http://www.uia.be/trapproaches/trappcom_bodies.php?kap=2
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| | Bill Kennelly's History of Hypertext: Ted Nelson |
| | It is worth remembering that this was before the word processor was invented and he was trying to acheive this ambitious project on a mainframe computer using assembler language (a low level, difficult to use language). | | | He had enroled on a computer course, and it wasn't long before he had a vision of what could be the future of text handling. | | | For his term project, he attempted to devise a text handling system that would allow the writer of a document to revise, undo, and compare work easily. |
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http://www.ultradevguru.com/ver2_hypertext/nelson.htm
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| | Background |
| | Exploratories are the latest development in an ongoing effort of Brown University's Computer Graphics Research Group to leverage the computer's potential for use in education. | | | Other researchers working on the problem of educational software development have also moved to component architectures and some envision their prime usefulness as suppliers of components rather than authors of complete applications or systems. | | | These efforts led to the notion of an electronic book with interactive illustrations, a new form of textbook that took advantage of the power of hypertext and the power of 2D and 3D interactive computer graphics. |
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http://www.cs.brown.edu/exploratories/about/background.html
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| | Xanadu Archive Page |
| | Based on Nabokov's Pale Fire, this was to demonstrate the Brown system in the IBM booth at the Spring Joint Computer Conference, 1969. | | | Hypertext Note 2, "Hypertexts and, or perhaps versus, CAI" | | | The assumption is that the author is constantly rearranging, so JOT is set up for very fast rearrangement-- of words, of sentences, of paragraphs. |
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http://xanadu.com/XUarchive
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| | FRESS: The File Retrieval and Editing SyStem |
| | HES was one of the very first hypertext/hypermedia systems ever built, and the first on standard commercially available hardware (the IBM 360, with CMS). | | | Inso in turn grew out of a sofware group doing spelling and grammar correctors, that I (and David Durand, my HyTime book co-author) had something to do with developing long ago. | | | the Definitive Biography of PDQ Bach; I ran into Ted in an elevator at ACM Hypertext '87, and still debate the interaction of markup and Xanadu versioning with him from time to time; and Andy introduced me to Lou Reynolds with whom I co-founded Electronic Book Technologies (later part of the late Inso Corporation). |
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http://www.derose.net/steve/writings/whitepapers/fress.html
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| | History of hypertext |
| | This is an important event as all hypertext authors must consider that potential users and meet their needs in addition to conform with the standard. | | | This important event should prompt web developers to devote more efforts on these users' experiences of the hypertext/hypermedia systems, by creating more rich media contents and navigation experiences. | | | MS IE definitely won the browser war against Netscape. |
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http://www.cs.wpi.edu/~zt/awt/history.html
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| | An Internet and WWW Timeline |
| | Doug Engelbart credited with inventing the computer mouse, a hypertext system, display editing, windows, hypermedia, and groupware. | | | Apple Computer introduces HyperCard, the first widely available personal hypermedia authoring system. | | | Autodesk, a major CAD software manufacturer, takes on Xanadu as a project. |
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http://aysima.com/dawiz/timeline.html
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| | Copyright 1994 |
| | The hypertext author makes many universes possible for the | | | to the development of an elementary hypertext editing | | | do you want to read next?" is the question that hypertext |
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http://www.ibiblio.org/cdeemer/hypertxt.htm
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| | Lecture 1 |
| | Access is possible to hypertext files, CERNVM "Find" and Internet news articles. | | | Many attempts at creating hypertext Editing System and making it useful | | | 1968 – Doug Engelbart demos NLS system at FJCC |
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http://www.ics.uci.edu/~kcarpent/oldpage/Notes/wwwhistory.html
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| | Intermedia |
| | In 1968, Ted Nelson, Andries van Dam, and students implemented the Hypertext Editing System (HES). | | | The following year, a second-generation multi-user File Retrieval and Editing System (FRESS) was designed. | | | Our intention was to create a model for how hypermedia functionality should be handled at the system level, where linking would be available for all participating applications in much the same way that copying to and pasting from the clipboard facility is supported in the Macintosh and Microsoft Windows environments. |
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http://eserver.org/elab/hfl0032.html
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| | Curriculum Vitae of Dr. Andries van Dam |
| | "Interactive Editing Systems: Part I and Part II" (with N. Meyrowitz), in ACM Computing Surveys 14 (3) (1982). | | | "Systems Programming Languages" (with D. Bergeron, J. Gannon, D. Shecter and F. Tompa), in Advances in Computers 12, Academic Press (October 1972). | | | "Summary of Functional Capabilities of the Core Graphics System" (with J. Michener), in ACM Computing Surveys (December 1978) (special issue on Computer Graphics, guest editor with D. Bergeron and J. Foley). |
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http://www.cs.brown.edu/~avd/long_cv.html
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| | Nerds 2.0.1 - Xanadu |
| | IBM paid for the project, and the system was programmed on an IBM mainframe and graphic display. | | | While a Master's student studying sociology at Harvard, Nelson took a computer science course and discovered an exciting new world. | | | In the later 1960s, Nelson continued to work on his ideas and collaborated with Andries van Dam at Brown University to design and build a hypertext editing system they descriptively named Hypertext Editing System or HES. |
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http://www.pbs.org/opb/nerds2.0.1/networking_nerds/xanadu.html
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| | Internet History by Gregory Gromov |
| | By extending this concept to electronic circuits in the form of on or off, Atanasoff and Berry had developed the first all-electronic computer by 1940. | | | This device allows users to make computations using a system of sliding beads arranged on a rack. | | | The system uses five numerical indicator needles which are used to identify a specific 5-digit code. |
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http://www.netvalley.com/internet_history-right1.htm
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| | Hypertext |
| | If you have Fetch or ftp available, retrieve from pub/Landow on iris.brown.edu (1) a sampling of hypertext webs in Storyspace, (2) directions for reading them, (3) a description in Word of all webs created at Brown (so you can ask for others not presently on the server), and (4) a read-only version of Storyspace. | | | "Hypertext at Brown" also contains an introduction to Electronic Book Technologies's DynaText. | | | In addition, I have been working for the past four months on WWW versions of a series of books and essays of mine on Victorian literature, painting, and relgion with the object of experimenting with ways of adapting printed texts for most convenient, accessible use on the Net. |
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http://www.h-net.msu.edu/~clc/etext/hypertext.html
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| | Encyclopedia4U - Timeline of hypertext technology - Encyclopedia Article |
| | This article presents a timeline of hypertext technology, including "hypermedia" and related human-computer interaction projects and developments from 1945 on. | | | Encyclopedia4U - Timeline of hypertext technology - Encyclopedia Article | | | The term hypertext is credited to the author and philosopher Ted Nelson. |
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http://www.encyclopedia4u.com/t/timeline-of-hypertext-technology.html
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| | Hypertext Systems |
| | HES (Hypertext Editing System), (Andries van Dam, 1967) | | | Thong Lip Fei's Hypertext and Knowledge Management Systems |
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http://www.cyberartsweb.org/cpace/cpace/ht/systems.html
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| | Untitled Document |
| | 1977 - ZOG project, hypertext system, Carnegie Mellon Univ. | | | 1963 - 3D CAD System, Sketchpad 3, MIT MS thesis | | | 1945 - idea of hypertext created, Vannevar Bush, Memex |
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http://www.calpoly.edu/~dgrieb/CSC570/wk2presnt/matt.htm
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| | FRESS |
| | FRESS was essentially a text only system (links could be made to some graphics when using an IMLAC PDS-ID display) and was developed under the VM/CMS time-sharing system in the late 1960's as a successor to the Hypertext Editing System.23 The system contained important "navigational," or linking, facilities. | | | Audiovisualization, dynamics, and integration of applications as described above are not relevant to this early system. | | | FRESS (File Retrieval and Editing System), solely a hypertext document system, allowed authors to create links within any text document or among any number of text documents. |
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http://www.cyberartsweb.org/cpace/ht/HTatBrown/FRESS.html
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| | [No title] |
| | o A fairly simple set of rules designed to be suitable for use in hypermedia systems distributed across network. | | | Naming mechanism for files (URL), typed, stateless retrieval protocol (HTTP), and formatting language with hyper links (HTML) Hypertext: nonlinear text with anchors and links. |
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http://www-users.cs.umn.edu/~zhzhang/cs8299/ClassNotes/simon.txt
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| | Multimedia and Hypertext: The Internet and Beyond |
| | This book is the second edition of my hypertext book. | | | The first edition was published under the title Hypertext and Hypermedia. | | | What Happened to the Predictions from my Earlier Book? |
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http://useit.com/jakob/mmhtbook.html
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| | History -- /hypertext |
| | Andy van Dam et al build the Hypertext Editing System and FRESS |
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http://www.bilkent.edu.tr/pub/History
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