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| | Immutable object - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
 | | Immutability does not imply that the object as it is stored in the computer's memory is unwriteable. | | | Similar patterns are Immutable Interface and the Immutable Wrapper. | | | Immutable objects are often useful because when an object is known to be immutable, some of costly operations for copying and comparing may be omitted altogether, simplifying the program code and speeding up its execution. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immutable_object
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| | Bug ID: 4617197 RFE: Add Immutable types to Java |
| | Immutability is a property of the object itself, and constness is a property of the view of the object (which is effectively the reference to the object in Java.) It is conceivable that access through a const reference might cause update to the internal state of the object (e.g. | | | Immutable objects cannot be compared to or assigned null 13. | | | Immutable classes have to be final (or have all their methods final a less satisfactory solution) otherwise they could have a method overridden to return a mutable value. |
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http://bugs.sun.com/bugdatabase/view_bug.do?bug_id=4617197
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| | immutable concept from the Object Oriented Software Engineering knowledge base |
| | An immutable object is an object which has a state that never changes after creation. | | | Ensure that the constructor of the immutable class is the only place where the values of instance variables are set or modified. | | | An important reason for using an immutable object is that other objects can trust its content to not unexpectedly change. |
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http://www.site.uottawa.ca:4321/oose/immutable.html
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| | Immutable Classes |
| | The initial value of an immutable object is defined to have all its fields set to the 'void' value and this is defined to be the 'void' value of the immutable object. | | | In most ways, defining and using immutable classes is similar to defining and using reference classes. | | | Finally, we close with a description of a how to transparently replace in immutable class by a standard reference class which implements value semantics. |
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http://www.gnu.org/software/sather/docs-1.2/tutorial/immutable.html
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| | immutable : Java Glossary |
| | The only way to change the value of the number inside the object wrapper is to create a new object and point to that instead. | | | Wrap the reference in an immutable wrapper class and return that. | | | Return an immutable interface to the original data. |
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http://mindprod.com/jgloss/immutable.html
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| | ChurchillObjects.com - Immutable Objects In Java |
| | Rather than being an interface or keyword that tells the JVM to enforce a rule, immutability is implemented as a design pattern that the programmer builds into the class. | | | This article was written to thoroughly explain immutable objects, how and why they work in the String and StringBuffer, and the best way for you to implement such a pattern in your own systems to make them more stable and robust. | | | You may already know that the java.lang.String class is immutable, despite the appearance that it is not due to its convenient operator overloading. |
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http://churchillobjects.com/c/11027.html
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| | Using Immutable Classes |
| | To begin with, immutable classes cannot suffer from aliasing problems, since they are immutable. | | | The class is small - the exact speed trade-offs have not been investigated, but immutable classes have so far been used when there are a fewer than a handful of attributes. | | | You could still consider an immutable reference class. |
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http://www.gnu.org/software/sather/docs-1.2/tutorial/immutable1937.html
(337 words)
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| | jGuru: What are mutable and immutable objects in Java? |
| | The basic way to create an immutable object is to make all of its data fields private and don't create any methods which can change any of the data fields once the object has been constructed. | | | As per the dictionary, mutable objects are objects which can change their values and immutable objects are objects which cannot have their values changed. | | | java.lang.String is an example of an immutable object in Java whereas java.lang.StringBuffer is a mutable object. |
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http://www.jguru.com/faq/view.jsp?EID=82174
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| | Value Objects Should Be Immutable |
| | Immutable operations of the kind that apply to value objects seem to be little more than mathematical functions. | | | So if you design an object that should be a value object, don't provide any methods that change its state, ie make it immutable. | | | Object B may be either mutable or immutable depending on its interface |
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http://c2.com/cgi/wiki?ValueObjectsShouldBeImmutable
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| | Mutable or immutable? |
| | Immutability in a "strong" sense means locking down a piece of data in perpetuity, such as creating an immutable object instance that cannot be changed by any code. | | | Unfortunately, Java does not support C++-style const-correctness, which would greatly simplify immutability patterns by allowing a class API's mutable and immutable parts to be implemented in the same class. | | | All these immutability flavors are invaluable for good defensive programming. |
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http://www.javaworld.com/javaworld/javaqa/2002-12/01-qa-1206-immutable.html
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| | Contents of IV. SEXUALITY AS CONSTRUCTIVELY IMMUTABLE |
| | The social constructionist posits a Michael Hardwick, born with all of the innate, genetic, biological characteristics he possessed, but born in seventeenth-century Russia, and denies that this earlier Hardwick could be gay because the classification itself did not exist for him. | | | and with its numerous and extraordinarily important distinctions between the classifications “heterosexual” and “homosexual” has contributed to the reality that these classifications are experienced as immutable. | | | On the other hand, Yoshino’s point is undermined by the close link between systems of class-based subordination and the perception that classifications are immutable. |
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http://www.law.upenn.edu/conlaw/issues/vol3/num2/marcosson/node6_ct.html
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| | Mutable/Immutable Patterns |
| | Both input and output (getter/setter) methods of an immutable class must make a deep defensive copy of all communicated objects, or you don't have a truly immutable class. | | | The solution is to only use the immutable class as a proxy to a private immutable object. | | | Both the mutable and immutable class implements this interface. |
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http://www.javalobby.org/articles/immutable/index.jsp
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| | jGuru: how to Create an Immutable Class ? |
| | Immutable class means objects being immutable not classes as per say. | | | That's why immutable classes would be final, so you can't subclass... | | | Create a class that accepts a value in the constructor, then no setters, only getters. |
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http://www.jguru.com/forums/view.jsp?EID=1222796
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| | 2.1.3 Immutable Sequences |
| | A lighter weight but less robust protocol for supporting immutable arrays is to use comments to indicate which arrays are immutable and to follow the discipline of never modifying arrays documented as immutable. | | | For this reason, many computations involving immutable sequences of characters (strings) rely on the array representation. | | | If immutable arrays are implemented as instances of a ``wrapper'' class, then the |
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http://www.cs.rice.edu/~cork/newBook/node76.html
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| | Even a chimp can write code: A close look at immutable objects : Ashish Shetty's weblog |
| | We have all heard about immutable objects but some of us do not know what that means and fewer still know how to create one. | | | That's where immutable objects come in; you can share the same reference without concern because it CAN'T change. | | | ...by starting with an immutable class [surprise, surprise!]. |
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http://nerddawg.blogspot.com/2004/11/close-look-at-immutable-objects.html
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| | ChurchillObjects.com - Immutable Objects In Java - Reasons behind Immutability |
| | For these reasons, immutable classes are an important concept in object oriented development. | | | In fact, since key is instantiated from the immutable String class, key is now a separate object from the one that was put into the Hashtable, and two String objects exist in memory. | | | Developers new to the idea of making a class immutable have a difficult time visualizing why it would even be necessary. |
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http://www.churchillobjects.com/c/11027b.html
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| | [Biojava-l] Immutable objects and ChangeListeners |
| | As soon as you start complaining when someone tries an addChangeListener on an immutable object, then client code has to know what the mutability status of a given object is, and you're diluting the power of the interfaces for no particularly good reason (IMHO). | | | We've got lots of interfaces where both mutable an immutable implementations are potentially useful. | | | Code can add ChangeListeners if they're worried about the object changing during some kind of computation (often, you just want the simplest case of locking an object be adding an ALWAYS_VETO listener). |
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http://www.biojava.org/pipermail/biojava-l/2001-January/000681.html
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| | Java Practices: Immutable objects |
| | Immutable objects are simply objects whose state (the object's data) does not change after construction. | | | Immutable objects greatly simplify your program, since they | | | If a class cannot be made immutable, you should still limit its mutability as much as possible." |
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http://www.javapractices.com/Topic29.cjp
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| | Immutable Value |
| | FunctionalProgramming is based on pure mathematical values which are immutable. | | | New strings are created directly with the public assistance of constructors, indirectly as the results of query methods, or via the use of the java.lang. | | | A language, such as Java, that supports neither value based semantics for user defined types nor a way of specifying object immutability within the type system. |
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http://c2.com/cgi/wiki?ImmutableValue
(863 words)
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| | Unique Patient Identifier based on Personal Immutable Properties.htm |
| | The establishment of both the administrative and technology infrastructures, the design and development of computer software, hardware and communication networks, and the implementation of security measures, etc. will require substantial investment of resource, time and effort. | | | It avoids crossover problems from an existing system that need to be fixed or those that cannot be fixed retrospectively. | | | Therefore, the method needs to progress from the conceptual stage to specification, design, development, testing and large scale deployment in order to meet the requirements of the healthcare industry. |
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http://www.ncvhs.hhs.gov/app7-5.htm
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| | The elusive origins of the immutable mobile |
| | Kepler’s letter or “admonition” was composed as an addition to his Ephemerides, predicting the planetary positions for 1631, computed with the assistance of his obedient son-in-law Jakob Bartsch on the basis of the Rudolphine Tables compiled by Kepler on the basis of Tycho’s observations (an indirect link, at least, with Uraniborg). | | | In doing this he pioneered a practice central to the development of modern science (Johns 1998, 11-12) | | | This does not suggest that Latour’s work is useless (is Newtonian mechanics useless?), but rather that we should make sure that we remain aware of the limitations of the model in our applications of Latour to real-world situations. |
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http://www.stanford.edu/group/STS/immutablemobile.htm
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| | Distinction mutable/immutable |
| | for immutable structured types with immutable components "all the way down" it's possible to compute a time-invariant hash (and Python's form of associative array relies on that). | | | OTOH, almost everyone would agree that arrays should _not_ be immutable; it's the very essence of an array that it be incrementally updatable (the more rigid-- and unused --functional languages notwithstanding). | | | It's sometimes easier to reason about code that uses immutable types, and e.g. |
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http://www.python.org/tim_one/000195.html
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| | Kohsuke Kawaguchi's Blog: JAXB 2.0 and Immutable Objects/Fields |
| | If you do this for all the fields of an object, it's called an immutable object, and it is also considered as a useful design pattern. | | | The following is a simple example of an immutable object: | | | This is done by the final keyword, and it usually improves the code readability. |
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http://weblogs.java.net/blog/kohsuke/archive/2005/02/jaxb_20_and_imm_1.html
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| | FusionBrand: Dumb-Ass Branding: The 22 Immutable Laws of Branding |
| | Certainly educated folks like the Ries' and those who read the book understand that even "immutable" laws can be applied in different ways required by the market. | | | One need only remember what the Net was like back in '00 vs. today to realize that Internet branding will never even begin to approach immutability. | | | According to the wikipedia and other definitions, immutable means "not subject or susceptible to change." |
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http://fusionbrand.blogs.com/fusionbrand/2005/06/dumbass_brandin.html
(416 words)
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| | CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Aristotle |
| | This theory of cognition is, so far, summed up in the principles: Intellectual knowledge is essentially dependent on sense-knowledge, and intellectual knowledge is, nevertheless, superior to sense-knowledge. | | | All knowledge begins with sense-experience, which of course has for its object the concrete, particular, changeable phenomenon. | | | But though intellectual knowledge begins with sense-experience, it does not end there, for it has for its object the abstract, universal, immutable essence. |
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http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01713a.htm
(5735 words)
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| | 16 immutable laws of marketing |
| | Marketing can be hugely effective as long as you don't make it too clever or sophisticated - complexity does not help the customer. | | | Written by Robert Craven with input from Timothy Cumming. | | | We have stated what we consider to be the immutable laws of marketing. |
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http://www.thedc.co.uk/content/16laws.html
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| | The 22 Immutable Laws of Branding - Al Ries - Mobipocket eBooks |
| | Download Mobipocket Reader and install it on your PDA or computer. | | | Combining The 22 Immutable Laws of Branding and The 11 Immutable Laws of Internet Branding, this book proclaims that the only way to stand out in today's marketplace is to build your product or service into a brand; and it provides the step-by-step instructions you need to do so. | | | The 22 Immutable Laws of Branding also tackles one of the most challenging marketing problems today: branding on the Web. |
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http://www.ebookmall.com/ebook/83414-ebook.htm
(530 words)
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| | Immutable things. |
| | Are you going to double up on every function in Scheme or CL? Sure you could just have the standard map-car return an immutable list and force functional programming, but that is really taking incompatibility to an extreme. | | | Have a map-car-immutable which returns an immutable list and map-car-mutable which returns a mutable one? | | | If you must have immutable things I encourage some function which makes an existing object immutable, possibly recursively through structures. |
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http://lists.tunes.org/archives/lispos/1997-May/001166.html
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| | [Biojava-l] Immutable objects and ChangeListeners |
| | We've got lots of Thomas> interfaces where both mutable an immutable implementations Thomas> are potentially useful. | | | I had put stubs in because I had seen it done elsewhere, but I wanted to understand the reason behind it to be sure it was appropriate here too. | | | >>>>> "Thomas" == Thomas Down writes: [..] >> As the methods are not allowed to throw exceptions, how can you >> politely say "Are you sure you want to listen for changes - >> this object is immutable" ? |
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http://www.biojava.org/pipermail/biojava-l/2001-January/000683.html
(136 words)
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| | The 11 Immutable Laws of Internet Branding- Pool Book Review |
| | There are many books on Internet branding so why should this one be any different? | | | The Ries's excellent book on the 22 Immutable Laws of Branding has shown that they are capable of distilling some key lessons into an easily manageable format that can be read and understood quickly. | | | This book could become an Internet marketing classic as it avoids the hype and focuses on defining on-line clarity and focus. |
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http://www.poolonline.com/books/books13.html
(377 words)
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| | Book Review: The 11 Immutable Laws of Internet Branding, by Al Ries and Laura Ries |
| | Dr. Wilson's Plain-Spoken Guide to Search Engine Optimization | | | Though it's primarily focused on larger companies hoping to build national Internet brand recognition, some of the "immutable" laws apply to smaller businesses. | | | The Law of Either/Or asserts that the Internet should be viewed as an entirely new business, starting from scratch, not just a new medium through which an existing business will be communicating it's message. |
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http://www.wilsonweb.com/reviews/11-laws.htm
(941 words)
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| | Nomic Immutable Rules - Ceti |
| | The rules in the Initial Set are in effect at the beginning of the first game. | | | The Speaker for the first game shall be Craig Daniel, also known as Teucer. | | | Rules subsequently enacted or transmuted (that is, changed from immutable to mutable or vice versa) may be immutable or mutable regardless of their numbers, and rules in the Initial Set may be transmuted regardless of their numbers. |
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http://www.ceti.daap.net/wiki/index.php/Nomic_Immutable_Rules
(705 words)
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| | [Cap-Talk] immutable data |
| | >There is no reason why a dynamically typed language could not use its >type system to distinguish between mutable and immutable data the way >FPLs do, but I do not know of one with a currently maintained >implementation. | | | A mutable variable is seen as being, under the covers, an unnamed immutable variable designating a Slot object. | | | For comparison, as a result of the discussion on the e-lang list referred to above, a variable in E is by default immutable. |
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http://www.eros-os.org/pipermail/cap-talk/2001-July/000604.html
(1290 words)
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| | Immutable |
| | There are many misconceptions about "meditation." In fact, there are so many that you may not know if and when you are doing it. | | | Since all beings possess buddha-nature, it is possible for them to attain enlightenment and become a buddha, regardless of what level of existence they occupy... | | | For more dictionary entries, see » Immutable Dictionary |
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http://www.experiencefestival.com/immutable
(1198 words)
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| | Java Practices: Consider immutable forms for dates |
| | objects, but in some immutable form such as a | | | * * Date methods which are not included : * * - all methods which change state *
- all deprecated methods *
- clone (never necessary for an immutable class) *
- compareTo(Date) *
* * @author an anonymous user of javapractices.com (your name?) * @author www.javapractices.com */ |
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http://www.javapractices.com/Topic81.cjp
(157 words)
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| | ZetaBase and immutable objects |
| | One would then call upon a function such as 'freeze-linear-into-immutable' to convert a linear object into an immutable, nonlinear object. | | | This has very obvious constraints on the surface syntax of the language, hence my suggestion for 'tagging' variable names that refer to linear objects with '$' (or some other sort of a tag). | | | > One can translate your proposal into > the rule that a constructor for an immutable object not be able to reference > `this' (aka `self'). |
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http://lists.tunes.org/archives/lispos/1997-May/001569.html
(185 words)
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| | SUMMA THEOLOGICA: Is God alone immutable? |
| | Be it known therefore that a mutable thing can be called so in two ways: by a power in itself; and by a power possessed by another. | | | Forms are called invariable, forasmuch as they cannot be subjects of variation; but they are subject to variation because by them their subject is variable. | | | Further, everything in motion moves to some end. |
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http://www.newadvent.org/summa/100902.htm
(719 words)
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| | Xenophanes [Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy] |
| | His position is often classified as pantheistic, although his use of the term 'god' simply follows the use characteristic of the early cosmologists generally. | | | Nature, he believed, is one and without limit; that what is one is similar in all its parts, else it would be many; that the one infinite, eternal, and homogeneous universe is immutable and incapable of change. | | | Whatever is, always has been from eternity, without deriving its existence from any prior principles. |
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http://www.iep.utm.edu/x/x-phanes.htm
(765 words)
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| | CHURCH FATHERS: Demonstrations by Syllogisms (Theodoret) |
| | This latter we must do inasmuch as we confess the nature of God the Word to be immutable, and have countless testimonies to the assumption of the flesh. | | | For no one in his senses would call that which undergoes alteration immutable. | | | How indeed is it possible for one part of an uncompounded substance to be mutable and the other immutable? |
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http://www.newadvent.org/fathers/2704.htm
(2792 words)
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| | The Question of Certainty by John Dewey |
| | Not the specific content of Greek thought is pertinent to present problems, but its insistence that security is measured by certainty of knowledge, while the latter is measured by adhesion to fixed and immutable objects, which therefore are independent of what men do in practical activity. | | | The result is the depreciated meaning that has come to be attached to the very meaning of the "practical" and the useful. | | | Our depreciatory attitude toward "practice" would be modified if we habitually thought of it in its most liberal sense, and if we surrendered our customary dualism between two separate kinds of value, one intrinsically higher and one inherently lower. |
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http://www.marxists.org/reference/subject/philosophy/works/us/dewey.htm
(5887 words)
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| | Amazon.ca: Books: The 22 Immutable Laws of Marketing: Exposed and Explained by the World's Two |
| | However, to get the most out of their later works (and, as well as this book, I highly recommend "The 22 Immutable Laws of BRANDING" by Ries and his wife), it is best to read them in the sequence in which they were written. | | | If you don't understand "positioning" you may very well not follow the analytical process which continues with these "sequels", as evidenced by some of the negative comments from readers. | | | It proves to be a valuable read that, in some cases, is a bit too simplistic. |
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http://www.amazon.ca/exec/obidos/ASIN/0887306667
(1436 words)
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| | Forward Iterator |
| | A type that is a model of Forward Iterator may be either mutable or immutable, as defined in the Trivial Iterators requirements. | | | Forward Iterators do not, however, allow stepping backwards through a sequence, but only, as the name suggests, forward. | | | A type that is a model of Forward Iterator |
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http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/ForwardIterator.html
(225 words)
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| | The Imutable Universal Laws |
| | Understanding the law of gravity and understanding how to apply it your life gives you two things: a powerful tool to use in making your life easier, and a warning regarding the consequences of ignoring/violating the law. | | | The Three Universal Laws also fall into the category of the immutable and the unchangable. | | | They, too, are powerful tools you can use to make your life easier, and like the law of gravity, they have serious consequences for those who ignore them. |
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http://www.joy101.org/02-universal-laws.html
(1257 words)
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| | Owen Felltham Quotes |
| | But for things imperfect, change is the way to perfect them. | | | But, Change, For, Immutable, Imperfect, Is, Perfect, Perfection, The, Them, To, Way | | | Change, Immutable, Imperfect, Perfect, Perfection, Them, Things, Way |
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http://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/quotes/o/owenfellth154689.html
(75 words)
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| | Immutable Dreams :: ::General Weirdness and Random Thoughts:: |
| | Speaking of which, the site is currently on hiatus--probably forever--while I overhaul this site and/or make a new one altogether. | | | I've kept the fanlistings up, because I don't want to do all the nasty coding again *hisses at HTML* and because the owners of said fanlistings will scratch me to death if I delete their buttons. | | | Immutable Dreams :: ::General Weirdness and Random Thoughts:: |
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http://www.freewebs.com/ravenalabaster
(72 words)
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| | NOVA Battle Plan Under Fire The Immutable Nature of War PBS |
| | The nature of war is immutable, though the character and form will change. | | | The difficulty is that those who put forth this argument believe that something fundamentally has changed, and you can change very quickly without thinking your way through it. | | | Nothing has happened that's going to change the fundamental elements of war. |
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http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/wartech/nature.html
(3141 words)
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| | Eric Sink's Weblog |
| | I've been getting lots of requests for a printer-friendly version of my series on The 22 Immutable Laws of Marketing, so I'm making it available as a |
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http://software.ericsink.com/item_10201.html
(47 words)
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