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| | Language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
 | | Mathematics and computer science use artificial entities called formal languages (including programming languages and markup languages, but also some that are far more theoretical in nature). | | | An example of a typological classification is the classification of languages on the basis of the basic order of the verb, the subject and the object in a sentence into several types: SVO, SOV, VSO, and so on, languages. | | | Human spoken and written languages can be described as a system of symbols (sometimes known as lexemes) and the grammars (rules) by which the symbols are manipulated. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Language
(1792 words)
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| | Language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | Mathematics and computer science use artificial entities called formal languages (including programming languages and markup languages, but also some that are far more theoretical in nature). | | | One should be careful about the underlying classification principle for groups of languages which have apparently a geographical name: besides areal linguistic units, the taxa of the genetic classification (language families) are often given names which themselves or parts of which refer to geographical areas. | | | Other constructed languages strive to be more logical than natural languages; a prominent example of this is Lojban. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Language
(1880 words)
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| | Language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | Human languages are usually referred to as natural languages, and the science studying them is linguistics. | | | Humans have also invented (or arguably in some cases discovered) many other languages, including constructed human languages such as Esperanto or Klingon, programming languages such as Python or Ruby, and various mathematical formalisms. | | | One should be careful about the underlying classification principle for groups of languages which have apparently a geographical name: besides areal linguistic units, the taxa of the genetic classification (language families) are often given names which themselves or parts of which refer to geographical areas. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Language
(1788 words)
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| | Sign language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | Sign languages develop in deaf communities, which can include interpreters and friends and families of deaf people as well as people who are deaf or hearing-impaired themselves. | | | Common linguistic features of deaf sign languages are extensive use of classifiers, a high degree of inflection, and a topic-comment syntax. | | | Professional linguists have studied many sign languages and found them to have every linguistic component required to be classed as true languages. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sign_language
(2043 words)
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| | Open Directory - Science: Social Sciences: Linguistics: Languages: Natural |
| | Languages of the World - A description of major world languages and language families, with links. | | | The Linguist List: Language Resources - Searchable information on language families, employment opportunities, publications, text and computer tools, language study and pedagogy. | | | The World's Top Twenty Spoken Languages - Estimates for the world's top 20 languages (given in millions) on the basis of the number of mother-tongue (first-language) speakers and population estimates for those countries where the language has official status. |
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http://dmoz.org/Science/Social_Sciences/Linguistics/Languages/Natural
(637 words)
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| | Native American Language Net: Preserving and promoting indigenous American Indian languages |
| | Ethnologue of Languages: Demographic information on American Indian and other language families | | | Native American Languages: Linguistic overview of the Amerindian language families, with language maps | | | Actually, Native American languages do not belong to a single Amerindian family, but 25-30 small ones; they are usually discussed together because of the small numbers of natives speaking most of these languages and how little is known about many of them. |
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http://www.native-languages.org
(1052 words)
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| | Librarians' Internet Index: http://lii.org/search/file/languages |
| | Contains information on language families, theories of interaction and borrowing, Sir William Jones, and why the original African language "is considered to be the original fully modern language." Also features audio clips and etymology activities. | | | Covers The Profession (conferences, association, funding, jobs), Research (papers, dissertation abstracts, projects, bibliographies, topics, texts), Publications, Pedagogy, Language resources (language families, dictionaries, regional data), and Computer support (fonts, software, SGML & TEI, MOOs & MUDs, citing sources, and more). | | | You'll find out how many people speak a language, what languages are similar, and in which countries the language is spoken. |
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http://lii.org/search/file/languages
(397 words)
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| | Native American Language Net: Preserving and promoting indigenous American Indian languages |
| | Ethnologue of Languages: Demographic information on American Indian and other language families | | | Native American Languages: Linguistic overview of the Amerindian language families, with language maps | | | Actually, Native American languages do not belong to a single Amerindian family, but 25-30 small ones; they are usually discussed together because of the small numbers of natives speaking most of these languages and how little is known about many of them. |
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http://www.native-languages.org
(1052 words)
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| | Theoretical Linguistics |
| | The first section is a general presentation of the nature of the languages, and the second consists of a catalog of the languages (arranged by language families). | | | Overview of fifty major languages and language families, with historical and grammatical information on each language. | | | It is a detailed study of the genetic relationships and classification of languages. |
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http://www.library.uiuc.edu/mdx/bibliogs/linguistics/ling.htm
(1052 words)
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| | East Asian languages - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | Languages of East and Southeast Asia are classified into multiple language families, signifying that there is not currently evidence demonstrating that they all directly descended from a common ancestor. | | | Analytic structure: Chinese and languages of Southeast Asia are highly analytic languages. | | | The other areas of the world where numerical classifier systems are common in indigenous languages are the western parts of North and South America, so that numerical classifiers could even be seen as a pan-Pacific Rim areal feature. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Asian_language
(984 words)
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| | NationMaster.com - Encyclopedia: Albanian language |
| | Current distribution of Human Language Families Most languages are known to belong to language families. | | | Writing Systems of the World today A Specimen of typeset fonts and languages, by William Caslon, letter founder; from the 1728 Cyclopaedia. | | | The Indo-European languages are a family of several hundred languages and dialects (443 according to the SIL estimate), including most of the major languages of Europe, as well as many in Southwest Asia, Central Asia and Southern Asia. |
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http://www.nationmaster.com/encyclopedia/Albanian-language
(720 words)
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| | SYNOPTIC OUTLINE OF CONTENTS |
| | The first is a single alphabetic listing of languages, language families, and language areas. | | | Context Free Grammars and Languages (GEOFFREY K. Recognition (ERIC RISTAD) | | | Acquisition of Language: Second-Language Acquisition (MICHAEL H. Applied Linguistics: An Overview (ROBERT B. KAPLAN and HENRY WIDDOWSON) |
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http://www.udel.edu/billf/synoptic.html
(720 words)
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| | NIGER-CONGO LANGUAGES FACTS AND INFORMATION |
| | The Niger-Congo languages constitute one of the world's major language families, and Africa's largest in terms of geographical area, number of speakers, and number of distinct languages. | | | The Yoruba and Igbo languages, spoken in Nigeria. | | | In early classifications of African languages, one of the principal criteria used to distinguish different groupings was the languages' use of prefixes to classifiy nouns, or the lack thereof. |
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http://www.velocitydatasystems.com/Niger-Congo_languages
(2000 words)
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| | KryssTal : Language Families |
| | Co UK The Atlas of Languages : The Origin and Development of Languages Throughout the World is a detailed atlas of language families, full of maps and photos. | | | Mayan, and Independent languages which are unrelated to others. | | | Languages in the same family, share many common grammatical features and many of the key words, especially older words, show their common origin. |
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http://www.krysstal.com/langfams.html
(1206 words)
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| | Tribal College Journal |
| | Contains sections on needs and rationale, language policy, families and communities, and education and the text of the Native American Languages Act of 1990. | | | According to Michael Krauss of the Alaska Native Language Center, there are 210 different indigenous languages still spoken by American Indians and Alaska Natives in the United States and Canada out of the over 300 spoken before the arrival of Columbus. | | | It reproduces in full text the printed proceedings of the 1989 Native American Language Issues conference and the 1997 and 1998 Stabilizing Indigenous Languages conferences. |
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http://www.tribalcollegejournal.org/themag/backissues/spring2000/spring2000resources.html
(1787 words)
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| | The earliest classifications of Northwest coast languages were often impressionistic, based more on geography than on linguist |
| | Sapirs notion of grouping language families into larger units (now called phyla) has been continued, but it is accepted that some languages and families should not be so grouped and are to be considered isolates. | | | Swadesh (1950) presented a redefined classification of Salishan languages, showing subdivisions down (at least) to the language level, and this has also been modified (table 2). | | | languages until Sapir 1929) published his classification suggesting more remote relationships between language families. |
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http://home.comcast.net/~spencer.seymour/Indian/ec.htm
(1787 words)
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| | Language families and languages - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | Thus, provincial dialects of Latin ("Vulgar Latin") gave rise to the modern Romance languages, so the Proto-Romance language is more or less identical with Latin (if not exactly with the literary Latin of the Classical writers), and dialects of Old Norse are the protolanguage to Norwegian, Swedish, Danish and Icelandic. | | | Language families can be subdivided into smaller units, conventionally referred to as "branches" (because the history of a language family is often represented as a "tree" diagram). | | | Languages that cannot be reliably classified into any family are known as language isolates. |
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http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Language_families_and_languages
(1787 words)
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| | Category:Programming languages - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | Category: Esoteric programming languages, programming languages designed as jokes, as a proof of concept etc. and not with the intention of being adopted for real-world programming. | | | Category: Programming language families —groups subcategories corresponding to fuzzy overlapping groupings such as Category: Algol programming language family and Category: C programming language family | | | Category: Historical programming languages, programming languages which are of historical interest but not used anymore in any significant form. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Programming_languages
(279 words)
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| | drav-african2 |
| | Languages indigenous to the African continent that belong to the Hamito-Semitic, Niger-Congo, (or Niger-Kordopfanian) Chari-nil (or Nilo-Saharan) and Khoisan language families. | | | Mande Languages: These languages are spoken by more than 70 lakhs of people. | | | In certain languages plurality is revealed by the use of different verbs and in some languages, by the doubling of the singular verbs, which is in tune with Tamil. |
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http://arutkural.tripod.com/tolcampus/drav-african2.html
(7310 words)
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| | ipedia.com: Sign language Article |
| | Sign languages are usually developed in deaf communities, which include interpreters and friends and families of deaf people as well as people who are deaf or hearing-impaired themselves. | | | Sign languages are not simple pantomime, and they are not a visual rendition of a simplified version of any spoken language. | | | Professional linguists have studied many sign languages and found them to have every linguistic component required to be classed as a true language. |
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http://www.ipedia.com/sign_language.html
(1161 words)
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| | Librarians' Internet Index: http://lii.org/search/file/languages |
| | Contains information on language families, theories of interaction and borrowing, Sir William Jones, and why the original African language "is considered to be the original fully modern language." Also features audio clips and etymology activities. | | | Covers The Profession (conferences, association, funding, jobs), Research (papers, dissertation abstracts, projects, bibliographies, topics, texts), Publications, Pedagogy, Language resources (language families, dictionaries, regional data), and Computer support (fonts, software, SGML & TEI, MOOs & MUDs, citing sources, and more). | | | You'll find out how many people speak a language, what languages are similar, and in which countries the language is spoken. |
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http://lii.org/search/file/languages
(397 words)
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| | The U of MT -- Mansfield Library LangFing Macro-Chibchan |
| | The Macro-Chibchan family of languages is one of four language families now generally recognized for Mexico, Central, and South America. | | | updated 5-22-2001 The Chibchan languages (Macro-Chibchan) belong to the Chibchan-Paezan branch of the Macro-Chibchan family of languages. | | | updated 3-7-2003 Kuna (Macro-Chibchan) is now thought by some linguists to belong to the Chibchan sub-branch of the Chibchan-Paezan branch of the Macro-Chibchan family of languages; others, however, continue to regard it as an isolated language, unrelated to any others. |
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http://www.lib.umt.edu/guide/lang/mchibflh.htm
(1159 words)
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| | Category:Programming languages - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | Category: Esoteric programming languages, programming languages designed as jokes, as a proof of concept etc. and not with the intention of being adopted for real-world programming. | | | Category: Programming language families —groups subcategories corresponding to fuzzy overlapping groupings such as Category: Algol programming language family and Category: C programming language family | | | Category: Domain-specific programming languages, programming languages designed for specific tasks, for example Category: Spreadsheets macros. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Programming_languages
(1159 words)
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| | Nicaraguan Sign Language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | In a similar fashion, signed languages are often not given their proper recognition because they are not spoken and written. | | | (Senghas has never claimed that Nicaraguan Sign Language is unwriteable, just that it was often thought as such by those who do not study sign languages.) Since 1996, however, Nicaraguans have been writing their language both by hand and on computer using SignWriting (see http://www.signwriting.org and http://www.nslpinc.org for samples of written ISN). | | | While each has their own unique interpretation of the events leading to this language and its development since, all agree that the phenomenon being studied is one of the richest sources of data on language emergence discovered to date. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicaraguan_Sign_Language
(1563 words)
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| | Category:Programming languages - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | Category: Esoteric programming languages, programming languages designed as jokes, as a proof of concept etc. and not with the intention of being adopted for real-world programming. | | | Category: Programming language families —groups subcategories corresponding to fuzzy overlapping groupings such as Category: Algol programming language family and Category: C programming language family | | | Category: Domain-specific programming languages, programming languages designed for specific tasks, for example Category: Spreadsheets macros. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Programming_languages
(256 words)
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| | Linguistics Program at Eastern Michigan University - Faculty |
| | He made a specialty of the languages of the East Sudanic branch of the Nilo-Saharan language family (especially the West Nilotic languages Dinka and Shilluk) and was also interested in diachronic aspects of Indo-European, South and st Asian and other language families. | | | Comprative and historical studies of languages of the S. Chaco, especially Matacoan and Guaycuruan languages | | | American Indian languages, particularly South American languages, historical and comparative linguistics, typology, morphology and morphosyntax, descriptive linguistics, minority and endangered languages |
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http://www.emich.edu/public/lingprog/faculty.html
(256 words)
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| | Sign language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | Sign languages develop in deaf communities, which can include interpreters and friends and families of deaf people as well as people who are deaf or hearing-impaired themselves. | | | Sign languages are not simple pantomime, and they are not a visual rendition of a simplified version of any spoken language. | | | Common linguistic features of deaf sign languages are extensive use of classifiers, a high degree of inflection, and a topic-comment syntax. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sign_language
(256 words)
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| | English Language & Linguistics: |
| | Dialects, like related languages, share both a degree of synchronic similarity, and a common but divergent history underlying this: one might therefore expect classificatory tools developed for language families to generalise naturally to dialectology. | | | Language family trees have typically been developed on the basis of comparative reconstruction of small groups of languages by linguists who know their histories and structures intimately. | | | Language classification seeks to establish whether two languages plausibly share a common ancestor. |
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http://www.shef.ac.uk/language/quantling/papers.html
(256 words)
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| | Fonts in Windows |
| | Windows has support for a number of modern languages but if you need fonts in more esoteric languages, the Yamada Language Center Font Archive has fonts from many non-Western languages (and some very Western ones like Cherokee and Cree) not to mention Gaelic, Old German, Slavonic, and more. | | | There is support for a number of languages and for many special symbols. | | | There are also standard fonts intended mostly for use in displaying Web pages or in applications like PowerPoint (the Garamond, Georgia, Tahoma, Trebuchet, and Verdana families, for example). |
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http://www.vlaurie.com/computers2/Articles/fonts.htm
(256 words)
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| | Amercana |
| | The originators of the so-called a posteriori types of constructed languages proceeded to build their schemes by using available language material (concepts, words, and grammatical features) from different living languages. | | | Words forms occurring in English, Italian, French, Spanish, and Portuguese (with German and Russian consulted), grouped into word families, were etymologically traced back to the historically latest form from which they all had taken their derivation. | | | Interlingua is fully described in the Interlingua-English Dictionary and the Interlingua Grammar, first published in 1951 by the International Auxiliary Language Association (of New York) as the final products of a program of linguistic research begun in 1924. |
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http://www.interlingua.fi/amercana.htm
(1145 words)
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