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| | Machine translation - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
 | | Machine translation, sometimes referred to by the acronym MT, is a sub-field of computational linguistics that investigates the use of computer software to translate text or speech in between natural languages. | | | Machine translation (MT) is the application of computers to the task of translating texts from one natural language to another. | | | Example-based machine translation (EBMT) approach is often characterised by its use of a bilingual corpus as its main knowledge base, at run-time. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machine_translation
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| | Machine Translation: a brief history |
| | Machine translation is not primarily an area of abstract intellectual inquiry but the application of computer and language sciences to the development of systems answering practical needs. | | | In LMT, translation is via four steps implemented in Prolog: lexical analysis, producing descriptions of input words and their transfers; syntactic analysis of source texts, producing representations of both surface and deep (logical) relations; transfer, involving both isomorphic structural transfer and restructuring transformations; and morphological generation of target texts. | | | Translation was characterized as word-by-word, each word examined within the broadest possible environment and not limited by sentence boundaries or immediate contexts. |
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http://ourworld.compuserve.com/homepages/WJHutchins/Conchist.htm
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| | Wikipedia Machine Translation Project - Meta |
| | A Translation Memory is a computer program that uses a database of old translations to help a human translator. | | | I would imagine it would be an easier task to translate between similar languages than non-similar ones. | | | The first step for wikipedia translation is the analysis of wikipedia's content. |
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http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia_Machine_Translation_Project
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| | MACHINE TRANSLATION |
| | HAMT is a system wherein the computer is responsible for producing the translation but requires the help of a human on occasion. | | | MAHT is a system wherein the human is responsible for producing the translation but requires the help of computer on certain occasions. | | | It is unlikely that machine will ever replace human translators; but they can undoubtedly help to take a great deal of the drudgery out of routine translation work, and enable far more material to be processed than would otherwise be the case. |
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http://www.humanities.mcmaster.ca/~hccrs/ssmusicwebpage/TRANSLAT.HTM
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| | Machine Translation and Computer-Assisted Translation |
| | Translating with the help of the computer is definitely not the same as working exclusively on paper and with paper products such as conventional dictionaries, because computer tools provide us with a relationship to the text which is much more flexible than a purely lineal reading. | | | The problem is that the translator now faces a text that has not been translated by a human brain but by a machine, which changes the required approach because the errors are different. | | | To understand the essential principles underlying machine translation it is necessary to understand the functioning of the human brain. |
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http://www.accurapid.com/journal/29computers.htm
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| | NIST 2005 Machine Translation Evaluation Results |
| | The NIST 2005 Machine Translation Evaluation (MT-05) was part of an ongoing series of evaluations of human language translation technology. | | | The main benefit of BLEU is that it is automatically generated when given a system translation and one or more reference translations, allowing quick, inexpensive, and repeatable evaluations that do not require human assessments. | | | NIST conducts these evaluations in order to support machine translation (MT) research and help advance the state-of-the-art in machine translation technology. |
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http://www.nist.gov/speech/tests/mt/mt05eval_official_results_release_20050801_v3.html
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| | Machine translation and computer-based translation - publications by John Hutchins |
| | Articles, books and papers about machine translation and computer-based translation tools, the historical development and current use of computers for the translation of natural languages. | | | Evaluation of machine translation and translation tools In: Survey of the state of the art in human language technology. | | | Current developments in machine translation: an overview of progress and future prospects. |
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http://ourworld.compuserve.com/homepages/WJHutchins
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| | MT means Mad Translation, not Machine Translation (or Automatic Translation) ! SPEECH TO SPEECH is a BSTL-Technology ! |
| | Translation is a very difficult thing requiring much feeling and understanding of cultural aspects, which is not available in a computer. | | | From this basis, they conclude that it is just a matter of time until we have a new kind of computer that will function like the brain, only faster and better, and will surpass the capabilities of humans in the area of language processing. | | | This is a quite complete synthesis with automatic translation examples, analyses from specialists and even expectations about the future of this technology. |
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http://www.fortunecity.com/business/reception/19
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| | SYSTRAN - Technology - MT Overview |
| | Machine Translation is the process that utilizes computer software to translate text from one natural language into another. | | | The goal is to prepare new generation MT systems to improve translation quality and robustness over multi-agent, multi-threaded architecture. | | | Combined with the increased performance in today's computers, this results in higher translation coverage. |
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http://www.systransoft.com/Technology
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| | Machine Translation |
| | All possible parses for each sentence are generated, and passed to the next level, on the assumption that pragmatic and semantic constraints can be relied on for disambiguation. | | | Subsequent work focused on using bilingual corpora, allignment, and an example-based approach. | | | The parse trees used in this system are dependency trees, which emphasize the relationships between words rather than their phrase structures. |
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http://www-rohan.sdsu.edu/~ling354/MT-eg.html
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| | MLIM: Chapter 4 |
| | Human-Assisted Machine Translation (HAMT) is the style of translation in which a computer system does most of the translation, appealing in case of difficulty to a (mono- or bilingual) human for help. | | | Machine Translation was the first computer-based application related to natural language, starting after World War II, when Warren Weaver suggested using ideas from cryptography and information theory. | | | Machine-Aided Translation (MAT) is the style of translation in which a human does most of the work but uses one of more computer systems, mainly as resources such as dictionaries and spelling checkers, as assistants. |
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http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~ref/mlim/chapter4.html
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| | Waggish: Machine Translation |
| | This would have to be the mythical (and now discarded) deep structure of linguistics. | | | In emulation, you're watching the original foreign movie, but someone has given you a translating dictionary and all the books on the language's grammar and nuances. | | | In its most basic approach, emulation is an on-the-fly translator. |
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http://www.waggish.org/2005/01/machine_translation.html
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| | Machine Translation Postediting site by Jeff Allen |
| | Expanding lexical coverage of parallel corpora for the Example-Based Machine Translation approach. | | | Thinking about machine translation: several questions to ask yourself when you read an article about MT technologies. | | | Human Translation versus Machine Translation and Full Post-Editing of Raw Machine Translation Output. |
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http://www.geocities.com/mtpostediting
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| | Translation - Machine Translation for Free - Machine |
| | A machine translation service which allows you to translate words and phrases (maximum input 64KB). | | | You can also buy their software version (only French-English bidirectional). | | | You can even request that certain terms and phrases remain unchanged and you can also modify current translations or add new words. |
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http://www.translatum.gr/dics/mt.htm
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| | Wired 8.05: Machine Translation's Past and Future |
| | The outcome is a halt in federal funding for machine translation R&D. Baum and colleagues at the Institute for Defense Analyses (IDA) in Princeton, New Jersey, develop hidden Markov models, the mathematical backbone of continuous-speech recognition. | | | 1954 First public demo of computer translation at Georgetown University: 49 Russian sentences are translated into English using a 250-word vocabulary and 6 grammar rules. | | | 1994 Free Systran machine translation is available in select CompuServe chat forums. |
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http://www.wired.com/wired/archive/8.05/timeline.html
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| | Google Translator: The Universal Language |
| | To the translation system, any language is treated the same, and there is no manually created rule-set of grammar, metaphors and such. | | | If Google ever releases their own browser, they could seamlessly integrate translations of foreign languages; the user would just have to define what languages she reads fluently. | | | All translating would be done behind-the-scenes, so that when you search for “thus spoke”, you might as well get results which only contain “also sprach.” |
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http://blog.outer-court.com/archive/2005-05-22-n83.html
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| | Machine Translation - Home |
| | A Machine Learning Approach to the Automatic Evaluation of Machine Translation. | | | Such systems are self-customizing in the sense that they can learn the translations of terminology and even stylistic phrasing from already translated materials. | | | The LF is then matched against the LF mappings stored in MindNet in a graph-matching procedure known as MindMeld." The corresponding target portions of each LF are then stitched together during Transfer" processing, with recourse to the dictionary of word pairs as needed, to yield a target language LF. |
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http://research.microsoft.com/nlp/Projects/MTproj.aspx
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| | LING 361: Machine Translation |
| | Kathi was involved in the recent DARPA Machine Translation evaluation effort; she discusses the design and implementation of the evaluation, and results for human and machine translations. | | | In this lecture, we analyze results from a commercial MT system which includes a transfer approach. | | | Links to on-line MT resources: research, development, commercial MT software |
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http://www.georgetown.edu/cball/ling361/ling361_mt.html
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| | alphaWorks : Machine Translation : Overview |
| | No researcher information for Machine Translation is available at this time. | | | Any questions regarding the creators of this technology will be answered in CommunityXchange. | | | A technology that automatically translates text, HTML, or Otext (used with Lotus applications) from one human language into another. |
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http://www.alphaworks.ibm.com/tech/mt
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| | translator,Arabic machine translation software, dictionary,multilingual,Arabic, ... |
| | Arabic language, software localization, software localisation, translation, Arabic | | | rabic Software Desktop Publishing Machine Translation Document Management NLP OCR ASR TTS Multimedi | | | Line of applications includes machine translation (MT) for more than a dozen different language pairs; multilingual information retrieval with query and topic search capabilities; name-finding applications; and integrated suites providing speech recognition and translation (e.g. |
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http://www.aramedia.com/aschome.htm
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| | Machine Translation Engine |
| | Have various online machine translation systems translate your texts simultaneously, compare the results and select the one that best suits your needs. | | | Free translation with 20 different on-line machine translation systems from a single screen. | | | tool for centralised access to machine translation (MT) tools. |
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http://www.foreignword.com/Tools/transnow.htm
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| | CMU/Language Technologies Institute:Research |
| | The Center for Machine Translation (CMT) at the School of Computer Science at Carnegie Mellon University conducts advanced research and development in a suite of technologies for natural language processing, with a primary focus on high-quality multi-lingual machine translation. | | | The CMT was founded in 1986, and currently supports about 50 full-time faculty, staff and students. | | | This page is maintained by The LTI Webmaster, and was last updated September 23, 2005. |
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http://www.lti.cs.cmu.edu/Research/CMT-home.html
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| | Machine Translation Information |
| | AutoTranslate, part of the Netscape 6 browser release, which allows "automatic translation of Web pages based via Alis Technologies' Gist-In-Time online translation software" | | | If you're interested in Computer Aided Translation, including Translation Memory, you could try: | | | An interesting new development is translation of WWW pages. |
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http://www.compapp.dcu.ie/~away/MT/info.html
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| | EAMT Home |
| | The EAMT also maintains a mailing list, mt-list@eamt.org, as a public forum for the discussion of translation technology. | | | Its sister organizations are the Association for Machine Translation in the Americas (AMTA) and the Asian-Pacific Association for Machine Translation (AAMT). | | | Under the auspices of the IAMT, it also compiles listings of companies and products which are distributed free or at nominal cost to its members. |
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http://www.eamt.org
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| | AppTek- Machine Translation |
| | Its line of applications includes machine translation for more than a dozen different language pairs; multilingual information retrieval with query and topic search capabilities; name-finding applications; and integrated suites providing speech recognition and translation (e.g. | | | AppTek announces the release of two new language pairs for the TranSphere Machine Translation system: Tagalog and Bahasa Indonesia |
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http://www.apptek.com
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| | Foreignword.com - Machine Translation: Systems |
| | ESTeam Translator is a multilingual translation software product, which integrates Translation Memory (TM) and Machine Translation (MT) technology to produce a full translation in one or multiple languages. | | | Alexander Gross on "Where do translators fit into machine transl." | | | SDL International bought the Enterprise Translation Server from Transparent and now proposes machine translation for: |
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http://www.foreignword.com/Technology/mt/mt.htm
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| | Statistical Machine Translation |
| | "The Mathematics of Statistical Machine Translation" (P. Brown, S. Della Pietra, V. Della Pietra, R. Mercer), appeared in Computational Linguistics 19(2), 1993. |
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http://www.clsp.jhu.edu/ws99/projects/mt
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| | Machine Translation Links |
| | Association for Machine Translation in the Americas (AMTA) | | | Try a real machine translation system: Altavista + Systran | | | LogoVista Desktop Translation Systems (English-Japanese, Mac and PCs) |
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http://www.georgetown.edu/cball/ling361/ling361_mt_links.html
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| | developerWorks : Machine translation |
| | You'll see a page in a new browser window that asks you to acknowledge the realities of machine translation (that is, that it doesn't provide the same results as human translation). | | | Our machine translation demo lets you get the gist of your favorite Web pages in one of seven languages, instantly. | | | After you absolve us, you'll proceed with the translation. |
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http://www.ibm.com/developer/mt
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| | SYSTRAN Language Translation Technology |
| | With systematic benchmark testing, categorization of errors, and effective dictionary customization, MT technology can yield significant cost and time savings, as well as improved consistency in translations. | | | Use our Product Comparison to find the right solution. | | | Text: Enter up to 150 words for translation |
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http://www.systransoft.com
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| | Machine Translation: an Introductory Guide |
| | Here you can access PostScript/PDF and HTML versions of D.J. Arnold, Lorna Balkan, Siety Meijer, R.Lee Humphreys and Louisa Sadler Machine Translation: an Introductory Guide, Blackwells-NCC, London, 1994, ISBN: 1855542-17x. | | | If you want to use it for more than this, you need permission: you can get it by writing to me: |
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http://www.essex.ac.uk/linguistics/clmt/MTbook
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