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| | Simultaneous multithreading - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
 | | Simultaneous multithreading, often referred to as SMT, is a technique for improving the overall efficiency of the hardware that executes instructions in a computer. | | | The Intel Pentium 4 was the first commercial processor to implement simultaneous multithreading, starting from the 3.06GHz model released in 2002, and since introduced into a number of their processors. | | | This is done without great changes to the basic processor architecture: the main additions needed are the ability to fetch instructions from multiple threads in a cycle, and a larger register file to hold data from multiple threads. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simultaneous_multithreading
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| | Multithreading Applications - Windows NT Multithreaded Programming : Win32® Application Programming : California ... |
| | Thus, the areas in which you are most likely to benefit from multithreading are kernel and general data manipulation rather than USER and GDI, although some elements of graphical processing (such as calculating coordinates for outputting objects) may be optimized with the help of multithreading. | | | Although multithreading as such is more general and is applicable to future implementations of the Win32 API as well, this discussion focuses primarily on Windows NT. | | | Petri nets are very general and can be employed to model much more than multithreaded applications; for example, computer hardware or industrial processes may be depicted as Petri nets. |
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http://www.cswl.com/whiteppr/white/multithreading.html
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| | [SDL] Multithreading |
| | In a multithreaded environment, you stand to lose nothing by having a thread wait on each event to come in. | | | Multithreading obviously adds >complexity and a lot of extra work for the programmers involved in the >project. | | | I'd be inclined to say no if the AI involves access to changing data, as in a realtime game, because then you get into some fairly complex locking issues through trying to guarantee a consistent state for processing. |
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http://www.libsdl.org/pipermail/sdl/2002-August/047999.html
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| | BibTeX bibliography multithreading.bib |
| | Multithreading is advantageous when one has large on-chip caches (32 kilobytes), associativity of two, and a memory access cost of roughly 50 instruction times. | | | The increase in processor real-estate to support multithreading is modest, given the size of the cache and floating-point units. | | | This paper develops an analytical model of multithreaded processor behavior based on a small set of architectural and program parameters. |
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http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/multithreading.html
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| | Multithreading |
| | Multithreading tolerates latency by attempting to overlap the latency of one context with the computation of other concurrent contexts. | | | This is because multithreading simply reacts to misses once they occur, rather than attempting to predict them. | | | While prefetching is one technique for hiding read latency, another technique is for the processor to support multiple hardware contexts [85][73][39][36][3] (also known as multithreading). |
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http://suif.stanford.edu/~tcm/thesis/subsection2_10_3_3.html
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| | Hyper-Threading - Wikipedia |
| | Andere Prozessoren mit Simultaneous Multithreading können, müssen aber nicht eine vergleichbare Aufteilung verwenden. | | | Multithreading (hardwareseitig), Simultaneous Multithreading, Nebenläufigkeit, Parallelisierung, Pipeline-Architektur, Multi-Core | | | Als Hyper-Threading Technologie (HTT) (abgeleitet von Multithreading) bezeichnet Intel seine Implementierung von Simultaneous Multithreading (SMT) in den Prozessoren Pentium 4 und Xeon. |
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http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperthreading
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| | multithreading from FOLDOC |
| | Multithreading can thus be used for very fine-grain multitasking, at the level of a few instructions, and so can hide latency by keeping the processor busy after one thread issues a long-latency instruction on which subsequent instructions in that thread depend. | | | Multithreading differs from multitasking in that threads share more of their environment with each other than do tasks under multitasking. | | | This is accomplished by sharing as much as possible of the program execution environment between the different threads so that very little state needs to be saved and restored when changing thread. |
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http://wombat.doc.ic.ac.uk/foldoc/foldoc.cgi?Multithreading
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| | A multithreaded PowerPC processor for commercial servers |
| | Similar performance characteristics could also be achieved with simultaneous multithreading [10], but because the processor executes instructions in order, coarse-grained multithreading is the natural choice. | | | The first of these is the use of coarse-grained multithreading to enable the processor to perform useful instructions during cache misses. | | | The most significant of these is the use of coarse-grained multithreading to enable the processor to perform useful instructions during cache misses. |
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http://www.research.ibm.com/journal/rd/446/borkenhagen.html
(8496 words)
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| | ASYNCHRONY IN PARALLEL COMPUTING: FROM DATAFLOW TO MULTITHREADING |
| | Multithreaded Superscalar (Sigmund & Ungerer): While the simultaneous multithreading approach [222] surveys enhancements of the Alpha 21164 processor, the multithreaded superscalar processor approach from the University of Karlsruhe [194, 195] is based on a simplified PowerPC 604 processor. | | | The simultaneous multithreading or multithreaded superscalar approach [152, 194, 195, 221, 222] combines a wide issue superscalar instruction dispatch with the multiple context approach by providing several register sets on the multiprocessor and issuing instructions from several instruction queues simultaneously. | | | Mackenzie, Sparcle: A multithreaded VLSI processor for parallel computing, Lect. |
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http://www-csd.ijs.si/silc/pdcp.html
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| | Multithreading in C# |
| | In a multithreaded application, threads can share a processor (or set of processors), so that multiple tasks are performed in parallel. | | | Multithreading can improve your program performance, especially when you know to use it. | | | The.NET Framework Class Library includes multithreading capabilities in namespace multithreading among a larger part of the applications-programming community. |
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http://www.informit.com/articles/article.asp?p=31093
(733 words)
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| | Multithreading Option |
| | Currently, the Multithreading Option is available only on computers with Intel processors using a Windows operating system supported by FLAMES. | | | The Multithreading Option allows FLAMES-based simulations to execute scenarios using two or more of the processors of a multiple-processor computer simultaneously. | | | If you want to execute larger scenarios in the same amount of time, or if you want to execute your existing scenarios in less time, the Multithreading Option may be what you need. |
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http://www.ternion.com/products/detailed/options/mto.htm
(377 words)
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| | Get Started with Multithreading in .NET |
| | Therefore, when your program must respond to user input at (perceptually) the same time that it is performing one or more other tasks, you should consider multithreading. | | | The most important use of multithreading has to do with the program's responsiveness to users. | | | To understand the power of multithreading you need to know something about how the Windows operating system works under the hood. |
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http://www.devx.com/dotnet/article/7003
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| | Amazon.com: Books: .NET Multithreading |
| | Covering the topics related to multithreaded development, this book not only focuses on how a task is performed but also on the more important question of why these tasks are performed. | | | The strengths and weaknesses of each approach to multithreading are analyzed so that programmers and developers can choose the appropriate approach based on their particular constraints. | | | Complete coverage of multithreading development using the.NET framework in both Visual Basic.NET and C# is provided in addition to detailed analyses of threads, delegates, asynchronous execution, threadpools, and locks. |
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http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/1930110545?v=glance
(1588 words)
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| | What Is Multithreading? |
| | In summary, the objective of multithreading is to combine the efficient instruction level locality of the von Neumann model and the latency tolerance and efficient synchronization of the dataflow model. | | | The result of multithreading is that dataflow execution occurs between threads while von Neumann execution occurs within a thread. | | | If an instruction stalls, other instructions can still execute, provided their input data is available. |
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http://www.ece.gatech.edu/research/pica/compiler/mthread.htm
(741 words)
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| | Win32 Multithreading Performance |
| | Each computation must be independent of others, in that the result of any computation can be processed or used as soon as the computations are done. | | | This is because the single CPU must still execute all computations, be it in little pieces (in the multithreaded case) or in big chunks (as is the case when the computations are executed one after another in the same thread). | | | Think of multithreading as a shock absorber here: The short computations do not run a high risk of getting stuck behind long computations, but instead become distributed to threads in which they may finish sooner in the long run. |
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http://scis.nova.edu/~linje/cs770/win32.html
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| | ERCB: DDJ Programmer's Bookshelf September 1998 |
| | The strength of Object-Oriented Multithreading Using C++ is in its examination of the use of multithreading techniques and principles for objects and class libraries. | | | The definition of a multithreading program, according to Beveridge and Wiener’s Multithreading Programming Techniques in Win32, is one that allows tasks to be divided into components, where each task can operate independently from others. | | | In addition to this intellectual investment, developing multithreaded applications requires a deep understanding of system processes. |
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http://www.ercb.com/ddj/1998/ddj.9809.html
(1351 words)
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| | Fundamentals Of Multithreading - SystemLogic.net |
| | Multithreaded programs must be written to be as parallel as possible. | | | After asking him if this was the case, he said that it was, and that two 233Mhz chips are comparable to a 466Mhz machine. | | | The same discussion about speeding up parts of a program to increase performance applies to the discussion of multithreading. |
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http://www.systemlogic.net/articles/01/6/multithreading
(841 words)
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| | Multithreading for VB6 |
| | Multithreading for VB6 is a set of ActiveX components that allow for parallel execution of components written with VB6. | | | Writing multithreaded applications is a complex endeavor, and Multithreading for VB gives you a full API for handling the complexity. | | | Most articles I've read about multithreading VB components made it seem as simple as brain surgery, but the developers at Snark Soft made it as simple as 1-2-3. |
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http://www.xtras.net/products/multithreading.asp
(391 words)
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| | Multithreading in C# and .NET |
| | Multithreading Part 2: Understanding the Thread Class by Manish Mehta. | | | There are many occasions when programmers need to develop multithreading applications, which can load big files in the background and let the user do data entry or other jobs without any interruption. | | | The sufficient degree of parallelism keeps the CPU busy and it is efficient. |
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http://www.c-sharpcorner.com/Multithreading.asp
(841 words)
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| | Multithreading in C++ |
| | Multithreading is growing in importance in modern programming for a variety of reasons, not the least of which being that Windows supports multithreading. | | | Multithreading is becoming an increasingly important part of modern programming. | | | Another reason is that multithreading is a natural choice for handling event-driven code, which is so common in today’s highly distributed, networked, GUI-based environments. |
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http://www.devarticles.com/c/a/Cplusplus/Multithreading-in-C
(1952 words)
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| | Chapter 8 -- Multithreading |
| | Multithreaded programs are similar to the single-threaded programs that you have been studying. | | | class encapsulates the data and methods associated with separate threads of execution and allows multithreading to be integrated within the object-oriented framework. | | | In this chapter you have learned how to develop multithreaded programs using Java threads. |
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http://kia.etel.ru/lib/javadev/ch8.htm
(2806 words)
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| | Safe, Really Simple Multithreading in Windows Forms 2.0 |
| | Chris Sells shows how to implement a safe, simple multithreading solution for Windows Forms, although it takes a three-part series (see References section), which is a testament to the effort involved. | | | My favorite example of this goal to date is the BackgroundWorker, which repackages the multithreading infrastructure (not unlike the solution Chris offers) into a single, reusable component that you can drag onto your forms from the Toolbox. | | | The concept is simple, but until Windows Forms 2.0, required a fair degree of work to implement. |
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http://www.mikedub.net/mikeDubSamples/SafeReallySimpleMultithreadingInWindowsForms20/SafeReallySimpleMultithreadingInWindowsForms20.htm
(1466 words)
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| | Multithreading Set for Processors |
| | Multithreading on processors will be a key component of Sun's Throughput Computing chip strategy, designed to enhance application performance by maximizing network computing throughput, or the total amount of work done, said the company. | | | With multithreading, if a process is waiting for memory for one thread, the chip can work on another. | | | Most currently available chips can process only a single thread of instructions at once, and a lot of time is spent waiting for memory. |
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http://www.eweek.com/article2/0,3959,909993,00.asp?kc%3DEWRSS02129TX1K0000531
(1208 words)
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| | Multithreading, distribution, Internet programming |
| | So to program in a multithreaded environment we do not need any special operations to create threads, as in Java for example: using the above creation instruction we simply create separate objects, which will go off on their own, using new threads. | | | Not necessarily a physical processor: it can be a computer, an operating system process, or a thread in a multithreaded OS. | | | Multithreading, distribution and Internet programming can be easy |
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http://archive.eiffel.com/doc/manuals/technology/concurrency/short/page.html
(1977 words)
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| | [No title] |
| | However, by making the changes shown in Figure 3, a new problem is introduced (as indicated by the figure's name); now the user can fire off multiple lengthy simultaneous beep operations. | | | Writing applications that use multiple threads is often considered an advanced programming task, prone to errors. | | | The Windows Forms class library is built around a Win32® API known as User32. |
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http://msdn.microsoft.com/msdnmag/issues/04/01/NET/default.aspx
(4199 words)
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| | SMT resources: Press releases, academic papers, and presentations on Hyper-Threading and Chip-Multithreading technology |
| | Simultaneous Multithreading: Multiplying Alpha Performance by Joel Emer. | | | A Low-Complexity, High-Performance Fetch Unit for Simultaneous Multithreading Processors by Ayose Falcon, Alex Ramirez and Mateo Valero. | | | While the title might suggest they have come up with some new ideas for power-saving enhancements, this paper merely serves to demonstrate that simultaneous multithreading is good for saving power in general. |
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http://www.princeton.edu/~jdonald/research/hyperthreading
(2667 words)
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| | flipcode - Multithreading |
| | That means if you want multithreading you'll have to set the run-time libraries to the multithreaded version, which prevents third party developers (or even you) from making a silly mistake weeks from now. | | | Each thread running in your computer is allocated a certain amount of memory and a certain amount of time to use the CPU. | | | In Windows anything done to a window has to be passed to the window procedure and this usually involves calling GetMessage(), TranslateMessage(), and DispatchMessage(). |
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http://www.flipcode.com/articles/article_multithreading.shtml
(1098 words)
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| | "Simultaneous Multithreading: Maximizing On-Chip Parallelism" |
| | To perform these evaluations, we simulate a simultaneous multithreaded architecture based on the DEC Alpha 21164 design, and execute code generated by the Multiflow trace scheduling compiler. | | | This paper examines simultaneous multithreading, a technique permitting several independent threads to issue instructions to a superscalar's multiple functional units in a single cycle. | | | While simultaneous multithreading has excellent potential to increase processor utilization, it can add substantial complexity to the design. |
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http://www.cs.washington.edu/research/smt/papers/isca95abstract.html
(333 words)
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| | Amazon.com: Books: Multithreading Applications in Win32: The Complete Guide to Threads |
| | Develop and optimize multithreaded applications with Intel multi-core | | | The discussion of Win32 multithreading transcends any particular development environment used with a Windows 32 bit environment. | | | If you are looking to know in depth about multithreading in windows |
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http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0201442345?v=glance
(1288 words)
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| | FlowStorm - Massive Multithreading (MMT) Processor |
| | Porthos is optimized to sacrifice single threaded performance for efficiency, so that a design is achieved that is realizable in terms of silicon area and clock frequency. | | | The company was established to develop a packet processor utilizing the Massive Multithreading technology developed by the founders after leaving Clearwater. | | | A maximum of one instruction can be executed from each of the threads depending on instruction dependencies and availability of resources. |
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http://www.zytek.com/%7Emelvin/flowstorm.html
(796 words)
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| | ExtremeTech: GDC 2004: Multithreading in Games |
| | Another use of multithreading was during file loads. | | | As the game ran, data files would be loaded into memory and decompressed. | | | At GDC, Intel developer relations engineers spoke about three different successful scenarios in their talk, "Real World Multithreading in PC Games." The presenters gave three different examples -- two from currently shipping titles, the third from one in development. |
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http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_zdext/is_200403/ai_ziff122662
(711 words)
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| | flipcode - Multithreading |
| | If you are debugging your application and it seems like data that you don't refrence is being modified in curious ways then it's probably because you've written something into funny memory (such as beyond the bounds of an array) and the effect didn't appear until the other thread was called. | | | I would advise that you NOT remove the #if defined(), especially if you want to port your code to another platform, multithreading in Linux, Unix and on Macs is completely different, but the monitor and thread classes shouldn't have to change. | | | Just because they play nice together doesn't mean they should be friends: friend classes can access protected data, which would make our mutex protected data unsafe. |
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http://www.flipcode.com/articles/article_multithreading02.shtml
(818 words)
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| | CodeGuru: Multithreading in .NET Applications |
| | In order to understand multithreading we first have to understand threads. | | | Prioritization — Threads can be assigned a priority which would allow higher priority tasks to take precedence over lower priority tasks. | | | Ten Reasons to Choose SUSE LINUX over Microsoft Windows. |
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http://www.codeguru.com/net_general/Threading.html
(2247 words)
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| | Multithreading in the Java Language |
| | Motivation: In multithreaded programs, certain objects represent limited system resources that must be allocated among competing threads. | | | The C/RTOS model of multithreading, as expressed by the popular RTOSs like pSOS and VRTX, consists of some sort of library or linkable software component that adds the capability onto the language. | | | Because the Java part is soft, the focus is on reduction of programmer workload and correctness of the program, rather than optimization for speed. |
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http://www.embedded.com/97/fe29710.htm
(4440 words)
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| | EE Times UK - Itanium to get multithreading in 2005 |
| | The move to multithreading came as a surprise for many microprocessor watchers, who thought Intel might take more time finding a way to bring multithreading to the Itanium's VLIW architecture. | | | Intel is not expected to disclose its multithreading approach until the spring Intel Developer Forum at the earliest, Graf said. | | | Server CPU makers IBM, Intel and Sun are looking to pack their respective processors with multiple cores and multithreading capability, currently seen as the best techniques for bolstering systems performance. |
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http://www.eetuk.com/tech/news/OEG20031114S0037
(989 words)
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| | Results with Multithreading Alone |
| | Interference is more of a problem with multithreading than with prefetching because multiple working sets interfere with each other in the same cache. | | | Therefore, given that there are enough contexts to hide the latency, it is important to minimize the context switch latency. | | | We further observe that destructive interference of the contexts in the processor cache can undo any gains achieved. |
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http://www.eecg.toronto.edu/~tcm/thesis/subsubsection2_10_3_3_1.html
(634 words)
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| | Chet Haase's Blog: Threadaches |
| | In fact, Java builds in much of this functionality for you, so you don't even need to do the work of multithreading some of your operations which may be blocking. | | | Imagine a multi-chip server that is producing separate images all in parallel, rendering to each with software loops, running each of those loops on separate processors; this is a major win for parallelism. | | | Think of multithreaded programming kind of like a chainsaw. |
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http://weblogs.java.net/pub/wlg/1758
(4395 words)
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| | Hardware Analysis - Dual CPUs, Worth the Money? - SMP, Multithreading |
| | Suppose we have an application that is multithreaded, for example Adobe Photoshop and we want to apply a filter to an image we’re working on. | | | Both CPUs will now handle part of the processing and the filter will applied much faster; it is like moving to a new house and having two trucks at your disposal instead of one, this way around you can get the moving job done much quicker. | | | Dual channel RDRAM as featured on the Iwill DP400 dual Intel Xeon motherboard, offering 3.2GB/s of bandwidth. |
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http://www.hardwareanalysis.com/content/article/1511.2
(757 words)
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| | LinuxThreads Frequently Asked Questions |
| | Most libraries cannot be used "as is" in a multithreaded program. | | | In a multithreaded program, stdio functions require additional locking, which the macros don't perform, so we must call functions instead. | | | They contain optional support for multithreading; it's just that the binaries provided by your Linux distribution were built without this support. |
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http://pauillac.inria.fr/~xleroy/linuxthreads/faq.html
(5348 words)
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| | IBM furthers multithreading revolution - ZDNet UK News |
| | The multithreading function will also not be activated by the computer, if an application can't take advantage of it, Tendler said. | | | The chip was also designed so that a computer's operating system can prioritise tasks between threads. | | | Multithreading and multicore chips have moved to the forefront of chip design, as engineers have wrestled with ways to boost chip performance without drastically increasing energy consumption. |
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http://news.zdnet.co.uk/hardware/chips/0,39020354,39115820,00.htm
(646 words)
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| | Project Jackson – why SMT is the joker in the the chip pack The Register |
| | Mario Nemirovsky's XStream Logic processor is a venture to create low-cost, low-power multithreaded chips for network appliances such as routers. | | | Tullsen has subsequently consulted with Intel about introducing SMT, in work which Intel VP Pat Gelsinger referred to a couple of weeks ago, but there's been no formal announcement by Intel to introduce multithreaded processors. | | | A computer science PhD Dean Tullsen, with his mentors Susan Eggers and Hank Levy, set about making multithreaded thinking apply to commodity, industry standard process. |
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http://www.theregister.co.uk/content/2/17165.html
(1834 words)
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| | My-ESM - Intel Xeon processors already employ Hyperthreading |
| | He gave no timetable and Intel sources indicated that migration won't take place until the new technology is well established in servers. | | | He said Hyperthreading will be first available either in the two-way Xeon server chip or the multiprocessor version, and then quickly on both chips. | | | It works simply through extra registers and control logic that Intel has added to the Xeon chip. |
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http://www.ebnews.com/digest/story/OEG20010829S0079
(648 words)
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| | clever, witty blog title |
| | If some piece of code is described as MT-safe, this indicates that it can be used safely within a multithreaded program, and (only in the context of POSIX thread jargon) that it supports a “reasonable” level of concurrency. | | | This isn't very interesting; what you, as a programmer using threads, need to worry about is code that is not MT-safe. | | | The multithreaded programming FAQ: It's back (sort of) |
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http://www.serpentine.com/~bos/threads-faq
(3249 words)
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| | Multithreading with the .NET Framework |
| | Because these threads are all part of the same program, or process, they all have access to the program's resources (global, static, and instance fields, for example). | | | But because Windows allocates CPU time based on threads, not processes, a multithreaded program will get more than its normal share of CPU time. | | | Every programmer needs to know how and when to use multitasking. |
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http://www.informit.com/articles/article.asp?p=170919
(693 words)
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| | doc |
| | We show that this restricted level of simultaneous multithreading is able to capture most of the performance benefits of the fully centralized approach while, at the same time, allowing the design to be decentralized. | | | Overall, this approach enables detailed yet fast EDS of superscalar processors for both a uni- and multi-processor configuration. | | | Efficient Use of Processing Transistors for Larger On-Chip Storage: Multithreading |
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http://iacoma.cs.uiuc.edu/multithreading/index.html
(557 words)
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| | Understanding Java Multithreading and Read-Write Locks, Part 1 |
| | There's a lot of misunderstanding about the concepts related to multithreading in the developer community. | | | method and the writer lock and unlock, run our example program, and clarify some common misunderstanding with regard to multithreading. | | | Understanding Java Multithreading and Read-Write Locks, Part 1 |
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http://softwaredev.earthweb.com/java/article/0,,12082_951051,00.html
(1654 words)
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| | multithreading - OneLook Dictionary Search |
| | multithreading : Free On-line Dictionary of Computing [home, info] | | | multithreading : Dictionary of Computing and Digital Media [home, info] | | | multithreading : FOLDOP - Free On Line Dictionary Of Philosophy [home, info] |
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http://www.onelook.com/?w=multithreading&ls=a
(116 words)
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| | Multithreading in Java |
| | · Understand when multithreading solves problems, when it merely creates problems, and how to tell the difference between the two. | | | Beginning to experienced Java software developers who want to write better, more reliable code and avoid common problems and bugs. | | | Multithreading is an integral part of both the Java platform and the Java programming language itself. |
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http://www.mindiq.com/tbt/ilt/jw210.php
(200 words)
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| | [No title] |
| | A context switch for a full-fledged, multithreaded process will obviously take a lot longer than a context switch for an individual thread within a process. | | | This business of saving the currently executing process's context, flushing the CPU, and loading the next process's context, is called a context switch. | | | One way to not only cut down on the number of context switches but also to provide more CPU execution time to each process is to build a system that can actually execute more than one process at the same time. |
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http://www.arstechnica.com/paedia/h/hyperthreading/hyperthreading-2.html
(1115 words)
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