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| | Chapter 8 |
 | | In any case, it would be utterly naive to believe that phonetic transcriptions, no matter how "narrow" they are, are some kind of mechanically computable, "objective" representations (or reflections) of the phonetic signals. | | | Once the phonetic data have been transcribed, they have taken on all the characteristics of the metalinguistic notation; they have been transformed in the minds of the linguists. | | | In general, one may say that phonologists abstract totally from the time-distributed nature of the phonetic signal and perform their analysis of phonological structure as if they were indeed concerned with nothing but strings of graphic symbols. |
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http://eserver.org/langs/linell/chapter08.html
(3064 words)
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| | Evidence Against Universal Phonetics |
| | The traditional model of symbolic cognition depends to a surprising degree on a phonetic level that is as discrete and reliably distinct as different bit strings are in a computer. | | | Within the language is appears as a binary, discrete unit, but at the phonetic level it simply is not. | | | The conclusion I endorse is that, at the level of phonetics, where the cognitive symbol system makes contact with the physiological and physical, the discreteness of the segmental phonetic alphabet is illusory. |
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http://www.cs.indiana.edu/~port/pap/daviton/evidence.html
(4844 words)
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| | Small footprint language and vocabulary independent word recognizer using registration by word spelling - US Patent ... |
| | The phoneticizer attaches a probability value or score to each letter to phoneme conversion, and these data may be used to rank the phonetic transcriptions in the order of the n-best, where n is an integer value. | | | Voice input is then used to rescore the n-best transcriptions and these are stored preferably as speaker-independent, similarity-based hybrid units concatenated into a string representing the spelled word. | | | The speech recognizer of claim 5 further comprising scoring processor for applying a score to each of said plurality of hybrid unit representations and for selecting at least one of said plurality of hybrid unit representations to be provided to said word template constructor based on said score. |
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http://www.patentstorm.us/patents/6684185.html
(5900 words)
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| | lecture5 |
| | But, because a computer was to be used for the analysis, the rather elaborate graphical symbols at the State level had to be encoded for convenient input and processing. | | | d) Sixty-four of the phonetic transcriptions and the social data were electronically encoded, and in that form provided the basis for exploratory computational analysis [Jones-Sargent 1983]. | | | In doing so, analysis of the speech signal is necessary but not sufficient on account of its noisy and ambiguous character. |
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http://www.staff.ncl.ac.uk/hermann.moisl/sel259/lecture5.htm
(1052 words)
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| | Phonetic Fonts and Phonetic Data Encoding |
| | Existing phonetic fonts assume custom 8-bit encodings, with the result that there is no standard for interchange of phonetic transcription data: the meaning of data is only known when the data is accompanied by a particular font. | | | There are several problems with regard to phonetic transcription data that need to be solved. | | | In conclusion, it is recommended as best practice for archived phonetic transcription data that the data be encoded using Unicode and viewed using Unicode-conformant fonts that utilize some "smart" rendering technology. |
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http://www.ldc.upenn.edu/exploration/expl2000/papers/constable/constable.htm
(3951 words)
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| | Editing diagrams |
| | Praat uses this SIL phonetic character set if you have installed it on your computer. | | | Bear in mind the ultimate destination of the diagram and what is to happen there (hidden in your files, projected a few minutes at a talk, pinned to a wall at a poster session, published in a book or journal). | | | If you have an IPA font installed on your computer, and if you have an image editor, it will be much easier to add and adjust transcriptions there. |
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http://www.ling.lu.se/persons/Sidney/praate/printediting.html
(3331 words)
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| | 美国专利申请公开说明书 20040024604 - Chinese phonetic transcription input system and method with comparison ... |
| | Users are able to make an immediate selection in the input system for relevant Chinese characters, phrases and sentences from the database through the comparison functions of imperfect and fuzzy phonetic transcriptions after inputting a phonetic transcription message in the input edit column. | | | Through the input system, relevant Chinese characters and phrases can be rapidly found and listed in the elected characters and phrases column, so that users are able to choose a desired character, phrase or sentence with a hotkey. | | | The disclosed invention employs classified input methods for Chinese characters, phrases or sentences to process documentary editing. |
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http://cxp.paterra.com/uspregrant20040024604cn.html
(202 words)
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| | Diction Domain Search Results |
| | All phonetic symbols of the International Phonetic Alphabet (Rev. 1996) are included in the program as TrueType fonts, so you can use them in every Windows application." http://www.bergsoft.de | | | Includes examples of phonetic and metrical analysis of a variety of well-known texts. |
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http://www.scaredofthat.com/cgi-bin/dd/dd_display.pl?action=search&main_lang=IPA
(5218 words)
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| | Properties of Pronunciation Change in Conversational Speech Recognition |
| | At this point it seems natural to ask if the accuracy of this transcription can be further improved upon or if the inherent ambiguity in the acoustics is limiting further improvement in phone recognition. | | | In this paper, we investigate and characterize the properties of pronunciation change in the context of this ambiguity. | | | A 1.7% WER improvement on Switchboard is demonstrated. |
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http://www.itl.nist.gov/iaui/894.01/publications/tw00/html/cp280/cp280.htm
(3424 words)
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| | Computer-coding the IPA: a proposed extension of SAMPA |
| | In the first is a phonetic label (since this is a simple ASCII file, I don't show IPA symbols); in the second is the proposed coding, which we can refer to as X-SAMPA (extended SAMPA). | | | The file should be fetched in ascii mode and sent to a postscript printer. | | | For queries please contact John Wells by e-mail or at |
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http://www.phon.ucl.ac.uk/home/sampa/x-sampa.htm
(725 words)
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| | [No title] |
| | Since much of current sociolinguistic and dialectological research utilizes phonetic transcriptions as the basis for determining (socio-)linguistic shifts and the like, it is crucial that we explore and understand the limitations of the tools we employ for deriving our data sets, especially at the base level of data collection. | | | Notwithstanding that some authors (e.g., Labov 1989) suggest transcription by machine authors as well as "auditory comparison", it is still not possible to associate instrumentally produced data with orthographic data and does not obviate the problem here. | | | A critical indeterminancy of sociolinguistic transcription is the relative weight of two factors: (1) what the transcriber believes a sound should be (based on native speaker knowledge and/or adherence to a phonological theory of the language) and (2) the language independent perceptual acuity representing what is actually produced by the speaker. |
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http://www.ling.upenn.edu/~nagy/nwav/WWWabs/Lane.html
(597 words)
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| | Facade - Lip Sync |
| | Baldisync can output a.sob file, which is a binary format that contains both the audio data as well as transcription information. | | | WorldBet is an ASCII encoding of IPA (International Phonetic Alphabet). | | | The not-free version of magpie also has some integration features with various animation software. |
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http://www.dipaola.org/stanford/facade/lipsync.html
(963 words)
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| | SIL Acoustic Software |
| | The following software applications assist the linguist in the tasks of phonetic transcription, acoustic analysis, and phonological analysis. | | | Provides extensive phonetic charting and phonological querying capability. | | | Use these integrated computer resources to support language fieldwork by providing on-demand advice, tools, information, instructions, and training in anthropology, consulting, language learning, linguistics, literacy, sociolinguistics, scripture use. |
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http://www.sil.org/computing/speechtools
(118 words)
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| | EUROSPEECH 1997 Abstract: Mokbel / Jouvet |
| | In the case of speaker-dependent speech recognition, the estimate of the 3 most likely transcription variants of each word, yields promising results. | | | Experiments carried out on speaker-independent recognition showed that the performance obtained with the "Maximum Likelihood Criterion" is not much different from that obtained with manual transcriptions. | | | The two approaches investigated are based on an analysis of the N-best phonetic decoding of the available utterances. |
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http://www.isca-speech.org/archive/eurospeech_1997/e97_1619.html
(161 words)
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| | Ubicall |
| | phonetic transcription databases, dynamically generated speech recognition grammars and dialog design specific to the task of call routing. | | | Speech recognition grammars are generated dynamically from the dialing plan database. | | | UbiCall guarantees top performances on proper name recognition thanks to a proprietary multilingual phonetic transcriptions database. |
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http://www.ubicall.com/technology/speech_recognition.html
(337 words)
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| | [No title] |
| | The results indicate that the AGT can be optimized through pronunciation variation modelling so as to make human corrections more efficient or even superfluous, at least for some speech styles. | | | An important outcome of our research is that ASRs with lower word error rates do not always produce APTs of higher quality. | | | Since the number and size of speech corpora is growing rapidly, there clearly is a need for automatic phonetic transcription (APT). |
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http://www.coli.uni-saarland.de/groups/WB/phonetik/ws01_cucchiarini-strik.html
(379 words)
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| | Corpora Group at CSLU |
| | Most of the CSLU corpora contain transcriptions of the speech data in the corpus. | | | The following are conference papers that provide detailed descriptions of many of the CSLU corpora. | | | The transcriptions are usually non-time-aligned word level transcriptions but a few corpora contain time-aligned word level and phonetic transcriptions. |
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http://cslu.cse.ogi.edu/corpora/corpPublications.html
(271 words)
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| | Automatic Phonetic Transcription: An Overview (ResearchIndex) |
| | 2 Phonetic Transcriptions of Large Speech Corpora: How to Boos.. | | | Usually this is done by comparing the APTs with human reference... | | | 1.4: Validation of Phonetic Transcriptions Based on Recognition.. |
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http://citeseer.ist.psu.edu/cucchiarini03automatic.html
(379 words)
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| | IViE Labelling Guide |
| | Examples of a number of possible phonetics phonology mappings. | | | Transcriptions are made within the 'ID' or accent Implementation Domain (see 3.3.1 below). | | | Accordingly, the IViE system was designed to allow for the transcription of prosodic differences between dialects at different levels of representation. |
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http://www.phon.ox.ac.uk/~esther/ivyweb/guide.html
(3552 words)
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| | Companies - Specializing - Phonetic Transcriptions Software |
| | Specializes in: learning software, word cards, match, phonetic symbol, english vocabulary, words, gmat, vocaboly, improve your vocabulary, vocaboly software, toefl, sat test | | | Specializes in: true false, encyclopedia, position, top level, palm computers, quizzes, phonetics, false questions, ems bundle, software for palm, true false questions, quiz, heics, abbreviations, pocket mobility, aids, drug abuse, generic names, incident command, drug abuse info, incident commander, level positions | | | Vocaboly Software - English vocabulary for TOEFL, GMAT, GRE, SAT; |
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http://www.soft411.org/companies/phonetic-transcriptions.html
(495 words)
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| | A guide to English pronunciation - english.hb.pl |
| | To remember the correct pronunciation of words, you can use a computer program like SuperMemo. | | | But the problem is that you can't always hear everything perfectly. | | | BTW, some people argue that they don't need to learn the phonetic alphabet, since they use a computer dictionary with audio recordings. |
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http://www.english.hb.pl/articles/pronunciation
(1243 words)
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| | Box 15.fm |
| | Document Contents: Phonetic transcription of unspecified language, probably Kopapengo/Kopa-Bingo, with English gloss; course information; list of Kopa-Bingo language recordings, including such information as: master/copy, date of recording, speakers' names, students' names, content. | | | Document Contents: 2 versions of a phonetic transcription of an unspecified language, possibly Kopapengo, plus English interlinear gloss. | | | Document Description: Phonetic transcriptions sentences 154-557, kinship data |
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http://www.library.uq.edu.au/fryer/ms/Flint/Box15_fm.html
(2121 words)
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| | ☆ www.Michael-Forman.com ☆ German Phonetic Transcription |
| | Summary: This form provides phonetic transcriptions of German words in IPA, SAMPA, HTML, and LaTeX formats using a custom algorithm. | | | This option requires that a Unicode font with phonetic characters is installed on your computer.', HEIGHT, 40, LEFT, ABOVE, SNAPX, 10, SNAPY, 10)" onmouseout="return nd();">IPA | | | This tool outputs the pronunciation of German words in several formats for those learning the German language or studying phonetics. |
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http://www.michael-forman.com/language/phonetics-de.html
(763 words)
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| | Best Book Buys - Language and languages - Phonetic transcriptions Books |
| | Subject Category > Language Arts & Disciplines > Phonetics & Phonics > Language and languages - Phonetic transcriptions | | | Books > Browse > Subject Category > Language Arts & Disciplines > Phonetics & Phonics > Language and languages - Phonetic transcriptions | | | Best Book Buys - Language and languages - Phonetic transcriptions Books |
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http://www.bestwebbuys.com/Phonetics_and_Phonics-N_10017116-books.html
(137 words)
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| | ICSLP'02 Abstract: Demuynck et al. |
| | Automatic Generation of Phonetic Transcriptions for Large Speech Corpora | | | We describe a method for the automatic production of phonetic transcriptions in large speech corpora. | | | Then, we explain the application of a speech recognition system for selecting the acoustically best matching phonetic transcription. |
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http://www.isca-speech.org/archive/icslp_2002/i02_0333.html
(123 words)
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| | IPA: Homepage |
| | The latest version of the IPA Alphabet was published in 1993 (updated in 1996). | | | In furtherance of this aim, the IPA provides the academic community world-wide with a notational standard for the phonetic representation of all languages - the | | | The aim of the IPA is to promote the scientific study of phonetics and the various practical applications of that science. |
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http://www2.arts.gla.ac.uk/IPA/ipa.html
(74 words)
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| | An Environment For Testing Prosodic And Phonetic Transcriptions (ResearchIndex) |
| | 2 PRAAT: doing phonetics by computer (context) - Boersma, Weenink - 1992 | | | Transcription labels may be moved by simple drag-and-drop, and the tonal transcription is related to a model of an F 0 contour, which is... | | | Segmental and tonal transcription may be performed, and the transcriber may get instant feedback on the accuracy and adequacy of the transcription by synthesizing a speech waveform on the fly with the segmental and tonal transcriptions as input. |
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http://citeseer.ist.psu.edu/501865.html
(257 words)
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| | IPA English Dictionary |
| | Follow the instructions and the fonts will be automatically added to your system, along with all of the documentation and utility files." | | | Don't forget to download the SIL IPA93 font to read the IPA phonetic symbols. |
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http://www.foreignword.com/dictionary/IPA
(125 words)
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| | Talk:thorn - Wiktionary |
| | And since I've become interested in linguistics and languages I've become accustomed to the fact that what one IPA symbol represents in one language doesn't always match what it represents in another - at least not in phonemic transcriptions. | | | SAMPA is a set of alphabets for standard phonemic descriptions of certain languages. | | | Phonetic transcriptions must be written in [square brackets] and only phonetic transcriptions /between slashes/. |
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http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Talk:Thorn
(1438 words)
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| | Chomsky and Halle on phonetic representations |
| | We will be concerned with the theory of `UNIVERSAL PHONETICS', the part of General Linguistics that specifies the class of possible phonetic representations... | | | phonetic transcriptions must make use of a particular fixed set of phonetic features. | | | For example: the word `story' would be represented as: |
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http://www.cs.indiana.edu/~lingdept/teach/306/chomsky-halle.html
(152 words)
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| | Welcome to Computers and Writing Systems |
| | Charis SIL Font Home NRSI staff, 2005-10-21; 59 reads | | | Doulos SIL Font Home NRSI staff, 2004-03-29; 135138 reads | | | Home page for the Charis SIL Unicode fonts, with a comprehensive inventory of glyphs needed for almost any Roman- or Cyrillic-based writing system, whether used for phonetic or orthographic needs. |
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http://scripts.sil.org/cms/scripts/page.php?site_id=nrsi&id=encore-ipa&_sc=1
(671 words)
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| | Pronunciation Mix |
| | International Phonetic Alphabet font is also included (SuperMemo_ipa.ttf) | | | The most important addition to this collection is the phonetic transcription registry that can be used by other collections created by the user. | | | This way you will easily be able to see phonetic transcription of all words by pressing Alt+Y or moving the mouse over the text (if mouse-move transcription button is down). |
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http://www.super-memo.com/supermemo/enpron.html
(161 words)
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| | SIL Encore IPA Fonts |
| | They are intended to provide as complete a solution as is possible in one font for the display and publication of phonetic text using the current IPA. | | | They contain every base character, diacritic, and suprasegmental mark currently prescribed by the International Phonetic Association. | | | They do not include full punctuation, capitals, non-IPA, or former IPA characters. |
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http://scripts.sil.org/cms/scripts/page.php?site_id=nrsi&id=encore-ipa&_sc=1
(476 words)
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| | Find in a Library: Phonetic transcriptions of English prose. |
| | WorldCat is provided by OCLC Online Computer Library Center, Inc. on behalf of its member libraries. | | | To find a library, type in a postal code, state, province, or country. | | | Find in a Library: Phonetic transcriptions of English prose. |
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http://worldcatlibraries.org/wcpa/ow/dd44cc315ae7e0f9a19afeb4da09e526.html
(38 words)
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| | Amazon.com: Books: Phonetic Symbol Guide |
| | Subjects > Reference > Words & Language > Phonetics & Phonics | | | A completely thorough guide to phonetics, including all symbols considered and ever used in the IPA, American system, and various specialized systems (such as those of eskimologists, etc.). | | | With sixty-one new entries, an expanded glossary of phonetic terms, added symbol charts, and a full index, this book will be an indispensable reference guide for students and professionals in linguistics, phonetics, anthropology, philology, modern language study, and speech science. |
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http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0226685365?v=glance
(1352 words)
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| | Lonely Planet Bengali Phrasebook (Lonely Planet Bengali Phrasebook) |
| | Other features include thorough pronunciation and grammar guides and a comprehensive vocabulary section to make communication even easier. | | | This phrasebook gives you easy-to-pronounce phonetic transcriptions as well as Bengali script with every phrase. |
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http://www.softforall.com/store/P-0864423128.html
(319 words)
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| | ..:: palm spot ::.. - Explore More Software! |
| | Hyperlinks between definitions make dictionary browsing more convenient and efficient. | | | 85084 entries with phonetic transcriptions of English words. | | | 129 entries with phonetic transcriptions of English words. |
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http://www.palmspot.com/software/International/Dictionary
(1389 words)
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| | Eulenhaupt Translation Services - Links for Linguists, e.g. Translators and/or Editors |
| | Resources by the Austin/Texas University, with regard to Morphology, Syntax, Phonetics, Phonology, Sociolinguistics plus Psycholinguistics (one among other sections: "animal communication" addresses questions such as "Could Bonzo go to College?" and "An internet chat with Koko the gorilla" ;-). | | | QuickDic Dictionary English/German/English (contains over 250,000 words and idioms in each language, and "some features which can be a great help" such as Phonetic transcriptions of frequently used words in both languages) and the interactive | | | Dictionary Info English/German/English (translations and synonyms, especially useful due to an integrated spelling corrector e.g. |
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http://www.eulenhaupt.com/linkseng_language.htm
(4278 words)
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| | [No title] |
| | There is an increasing need for automatic procedures to generate and validate phonetic transcriptions for speech technology and fundamental phonetic research. | | | In the first stage of the project, transcriptions will be generated that resemble manual phonetic transcriptions as good as possible. | | | The first aim of this project is to develop automatic procedures to generate 'appropriate' phonetic transcriptions, the second aim is to find a metric to validate phonetic transcriptions. |
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http://lands.let.kun.nl/projects/phontrans.html
(263 words)
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| | Introduction to phonetic transcription Antimoon.com |
| | For example, the phonetic transcription of no is | | | The most popular system of phonemic transcription was created by A. Gimson. | | | Have a look at our demonstration of the phonetic transcription system. |
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http://www.antimoon.com/how/pronunc-trans.htm
(813 words)
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| | Speech synthesis |
| | The combination of phonetic transcriptions and information about prosodic units make up the symbolic linguistic representation output of the front end. | | | Speech synthesis systems are often called text-to-speech (TTS) systems in reference to their ability to convert text into speech. | | | However, there exist systems that can only render symbolic linguistic representations like phonetic transcriptions into speech. |
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http://www.brainyencyclopedia.com/encyclopedia/s/sp/speech_synthesis.html
(2427 words)
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| |
| | AT&T Labs Research - Patents |
| | The application is assumed to communicate with the user or maintainer audibly by means of speech recognition and/or speech synthesis systems, both of which rely on a dictionary of phonetic transcriptions to accurately recognize speech and pronunciation of a given word. | | | A method and system that allows users, or maintainers, of a speech-based application to revise the phonetic transcription of words in a phonetic dictionary, or to add transcriptions for words not yet present in the dictionary. | | | Moreover, both speech synthesis and recognition performance are improved through use of the updated dictionary. |
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http://www.research.att.com/info/Patents/6078885
(218 words)
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| | Phonetic Transcriptions and Segmentations: file format |
| | A file format has been defined for a file containing such transcriptions. | | | The first thing we need to segment our database is a phonetic transcription of all the utterances. | | | The phonetic files reflect the phonetic transcription of the utterances. |
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http://tcts.fpms.ac.be/asr/strut/users-guide/html/node32.html
(115 words)
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| | Practice Hoyloy transcriptions |
| | For transcription files to be transmitted in plain ASCII code over electronic devices an underscored letter is rewritten as the letter combined with an asterisk. | | | There are no specific ASCII code numbers for the underscored letters. | | | A transcription may be overloaded to show different pronunciations of the word transribed. |
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http://hoyloy.twintl.net/trans-4
(4495 words)
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| | Phonetic Topographics |
| | phonetic adj 1: of or relating to speech sounds; "phonetic transcription" [syn: phonic] 2: of or relating to the scientific study of speech sounds; "phonetic analysis" Phonetics \Pho*net"ics\, n. | | | phonetics n : the branch of acoustics concerned with speech processes including its production and perception and acoustic analysis Topography \To*pog"ra*phy\, n. | | | phonic adj 1: pertaining to the phonic method of teaching reading 2: relating to speech 3: of or relating to speech sounds; "phonetic transcription" [syn: phonetic] Survey \Sur*vey"\, v. |
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http://www.phonetic-topographics.com
(578 words)
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| |
| | Type IPA phonetic symbols online |
| | For help with transcribing, refer to Antimoon's table with IPA phonetic symbols, example words, and recordings (make sure you read the footnotes). | | | This page allows you to easily type phonetic transcriptions of English words in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA). | | | You can edit your text in the box and then copy it to your e-mail application, word processor, etc. |
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http://ipa.typeit.org
(328 words)
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| | Siouan Fonts |
| | All SIL Encore Fonts derived fonts © SIL. | | | A set of characters for current phonetic transcriptions of Siouan languages. | | | This set matches the others in situations where ANSI characters are needed. |
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http://spot.colorado.edu/~koontz/fonts/ssfonts.htm
(391 words)
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| | 5aSC40. Analysis of interlabeler (dis)agreement in phonetic transcriptions of multiple languages. |
| | Analysis of interlabeler (dis)agreement in phonetic transcriptions of multiple languages. | | | For half of the data in each language, transcribers could refer to an orthographic transcription; the paper describes the effect of this additional information on labeler agreement. | | | This study extends previous evaluations of phonetic labeling agreement between multiple transcribers (ICSLP94, ICPhS95). |
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http://www.auditory.org/asamtgs/asa96haw/5aSC/5aSC40.html
(220 words)
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| | Demonstration of phonetic transcription Antimoon.com |
| | This page shows you how to read and write the phonetic transcriptions of English words. | | | For more information, look at the table with English sounds and IPA symbols. | | | All the transcriptions on this page are written in the phonemic system used in most dictionaries for English learners. |
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http://www.antimoon.com/how/pronunctransdemo.htm
(116 words)
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