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| | Programmable Interrupt Controller - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
 | | A Programmable Interrupt Controller (PIC) is a device which allows priority levels to be assigned to its interrupt outputs. | | | The IMR specifies which interrupts are to be ignored and not acknowledged. | | | In other cases, it has been completely replaced by the newer Advanced Programmable Interrupt Controllers which support many more interrupt outputs and more flexible priority schemas. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Programmable_Interrupt_Controller
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| | Eureka Technology - Interrupt Controller IP core |
| | When there are multiple interrupt requests, the interrupt controller selects the interrupt request with the highest priority based on the interrupt levels and interrupt numbers of the sources. | | | If the interrupt levels of the sources are different, the interrupt with higher level has priority. | | | The interrupt cause with an interrupt level lower than the interrupt level set in the Interrupt Mask Level Register will be masked. |
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http://www.eurekatech.com/products/peripheral/ep610.htm
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| | Serial Port Manual |
| | The Interrupt Control Register(ICR) maintains information about the status of the interrupts currently being processed and any interrupts which may be waiting to be processed. | | | Since the device driver will be interrupt driven it is necessary to understand the MS-DOS interrupt handling procedures, the hardware involved in the interrupt handling process, and the C functions which can be used to access MS-DOS information and the PC's hardware registers. | | | The Programmable Interrupt Controller (PIC) is the hardware used to manage selected interrupts. |
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http://workforce.cup.edu/little/serial.html
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| | Key Benefits of the I/O APIC |
| | The Compaq Alpha interrupt controller has software levels that are used in Windows NT and Windows 2000 to cause DPC and APC interrupts. | | | Both end users and platform designers have been plagued by the lack of interrupt resources in systems when additional hardware devices and functionality are added to the system. | | | Most hardware is designed with the mindset that the ISR will handle all the work of the interrupt. |
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http://www.microsoft.com/whdc/system/sysperf/IO-APIC.mspx
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| | BiosCentral - Interrupts |
| | An interrupt vector is a 4-byte value of the form offset;segment, which represents the address of a routine to be called when the CPU receives an interrupt. | | | The interrupt vector table is first initialized by the start up ROM but changes are made to it's contents as the first ROM Extensions and later the operating system files are loaded. | | | When a interrupt request is made, the CPU saves the current state of registers in a small amount of memory called the stack, then the CPU is directed to the interrupt vector table, which is a list of program locations that represent each interrupt. |
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http://www.bioscentral.com/misc/interrupts.htm
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| | CS554A: Tutorial 4: Interrupts. |
| | Interrupt handling in operating systems is intimately connected with the architecture of the CPU and of the computer itself, and much variation is possible. | | | Interrupt handlers must be programmed to run on their own context, and not to depend on any information from user programs. | | | However, if the interrupt is generated internally by a machine instruction or condition, it is not easy to figure out which of the various instructions in the pipeline has caused the interrupt. |
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http://www.rivier.edu/faculty/amoreira/web/cs554a/Tut4
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| | Art of Assembly: Chaper Seventeen-3 |
| | A typical PC uses two of these devices to provide 15 interrupt inputs (seven on the master PIC with the eight input coming from the slave PIC to process its eight inputs)[7]. | | | These devices connect to an Intel 8259A programmable interrupt controller (PIC) that prioritizes the interrupts and interfaces with the 80x86 CPU. | | | If you do not send the end of interrupt command, the PIC will not honor any more interrupts from that device; if you send two or more end of interrupt commands, there is the possibility that you will accidentally acknowledge a new interrupt that may be pending and you will lose that interrupt. |
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http://maven.smith.edu/~thiebaut/ArtOfAssembly/CH17/CH17-3.html
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| | Anish's Weblog |
| | After the interrupt is triggered but before the interrupt handler is called, uppc_intr_enter() or apic_intr_enter() will be called to setup the interrupt priority accordingly to block all other interrupts with the same or lower priority. | | | On the x86 platform, all the local variables of the interrupt handler are on stack. | | | The Local APIC also has the capability to send interprocessor interrupt from one cpu to another and so APIC is widely used on all the x86 MP systems. |
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http://blogs.sun.com/roller/page/anish?entry=hardware_interrupts_overview_for_solaris
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| | The Importance of Implementing APIC-Based Interrupt Subsystems on Uniprocessor PCs |
| | If the device is not interrupting, the ISR returns a value indicating that the interrupt was not caused by its device. | | | On PIC-based systems, sharing interrupts is the only way to allow all or even most of the devices in the system to function. | | | If the device is interrupting, the ISR queues any work to be done and causes the hardware to stop interrupting. |
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http://www.microsoft.com/whdc/system/sysperf/apic.mspx
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| | Advanced Programmable Interrupt Controller |
| | Local interrupt 1 is for interrupts on the CPU's NMI pin. | | | An IRQ-type interrupt routine wishes to wake a sleeping thread, but this IRQ interrupt may be nested several levels inside other IRQ interrupts, so it cannot simply switch stacks as those outer interrupt routines would not complete until the old thread is re-woken. | | | I call this a 'software' interrupt because the operating system software initiated the interrupt. |
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http://osdev.berlios.de/pic.html
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| | Interrupts |
| | Instead, 256 interrupt descriptors are used in the interrupt descriptor table (IDT). | | | The latter case occurs for interrupts 0, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, 12 and 13. | | | Any vector is possible, but the interrupt vectors between 20H and FFH are usually used (Intel reserves vectors between 00H and 1FH). |
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http://www.cs.umbc.edu/~plusquel/310/slides/8086_interrupts.html
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| | Interfacing The PC : Using Interrupts |
| | Most Ports/UARTs may interrupt the processor for a range of reasons, eg byte received, time-outs, FIFO buffer empty, overruns etc, thus the nature of the interrupt has to be determined. | | | The rest of the interrupt vectors are used for software interrupts and exception handlers. | | | Before we can return from the interrupt, we must tell the Programmable Interrupt Controller, that we are ending the interrupt by sending an EOI (End of Interrupt 0x10) to it. |
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http://www.beyondlogic.org/interrupts/interupt.htm#5
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| | Intel® 82093AA I/O Advanced Programmable Interrupt Controller (I/O APIC) Datasheet |
| | Each interrupt pin is individually programmable as either edge or level triggered. | | | The interrupt vector and interrupt steering information can be specified per interrupt. | | | To increase system flexibility when assigning memory space usage, the I/O APIC's two-register memory space is re-locatable. |
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http://www.intel.com/design/chipsets/datashts/290566.htm
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| | [No title] |
| | disable_irq(int irq); disable_irq_nosync(int irq); enable_irq(int irq); in theory updates irq mask for programmable interrupt controller disable_irq waits for a currently executing interrupt handler to complete disable_irq_nosync does NOT wait tasklets and bottom-half processing what if the task is LONG... | | | and that was it (IRQs) now have programmable advanced programmable interrupt controller APIC, which can distribute interrupts across multiple CPUs PC has had, cli and sti (clear interrupt and start interrupt) for disable and enable interrupt -- linux tries to avoid use use these calls: unsigned long flags; save_falgs(flags); cli();... | | | short_i_read reads from the device and sleeps if no data writing to the device generates inputs using arguments: 3 args to the interrupt handler. |
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http://www.cs.pdx.edu/~jrb/ui/linux/driver9.txt
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| | The Definitive BIOS Optimization Guide |
| | The local APIC delivers interrupts to a specific processor so each processor in a system has to have its own local APIC. | | | Note that without at least one I/O APIC, the local APIC is useless and the system functions as if it's based on the 8259 PIC. | | | As you can see, this allows a lot more IRQs than is currently possible with the 8259 PIC. |
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http://www.adriansrojakpot.com/Speed_Demonz/New_BIOS_Guide/APIC_Function.htm
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| | CAST News - Four New Peripherals Cores |
| | The new cores are available now, in synthesizable source code or optimized for Altera and Xilinx programmable devices. | | | The C8279 Programmable Keyboard/Display Interface offers replacement compatibility with an Intel device in widespread use. | | | It is also available in an asynchronous version (CAST C8259A) that matches the original Intel device. |
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http://www.cast-inc.com/info/pr/news/2000/121400_grenoble.shtml
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| | Glossary - LinuxBIOS |
| | DMA is an essential feature of all modern computers, as it allows devices of different speeds to communicate without subjecting the CPU to a massive interrupt load. | | | The Framebuffer is a part of RAM in a computer allocated to hold the graphics information for one frame or picture. | | | RDMA (Remote Direct Memory Access) is a concept whereby two or more computers communicate via DMA directly from main memory of one system to the main memory of another. |
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http://www.linuxbios.org/index.php/Glossary
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| | Interrupts |
| | Most of the low level wrappers will simply store the interrupt number and call the panic function. | | | The real handlers are implemented in C, but we provide an assembly wrapper to conveniently signal EOI and do IRET. | | | In protected mode, this interferes with the software interrupts. |
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http://www.cs.caltech.edu/~kchen/kos/KOS_report/node4.html
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| | Tandon BIOS Post Codes |
| | Unexpected interrupt did not occur; Test 8254 programmable interrupt timer channel 0, IRQ 0 and software interrupt 8 tests | | | Install interrupt handler and vector for interrupt 0F to check for unexpected interrupts; Halt is unexpected interrupt occurs | | | Timer tick, keyboard and 8259 programmable interrupt controller 2 have been initialized; Enable/disable cache through CMOS RAM |
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http://www.pantz.org/hardware/bios/tandonbios.htm
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| | OS Development |
| | Wotsit's Format: The programmer's file formats and data formats resource. | | | Programming the NEC µPD765 and Intel 82072/7 Floppy Disk Controller | | | Information on file formats of almost any kind. |
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http://www.visopsys.org/osdev
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| | Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Programmable Interrupt Controller |
| | Starting with the 286-based AT, there are two PICs in a personal computer, providing a total of 15 usable IRQs. | | | A Programmable Interrupt Controller (or PIC) is an Intel 8259A chip that controls interrupts. | | | The PIC has been superseded by an Advanced Programmable Interrupt Controller (APIC), or 82489DX chip, that is enhanced for multiprocessing. |
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http://www.reference.com/browse/wiki/Interrupt_controller
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| | [No title] |
| | *8259(A) *Programmable Interrupt Controller (PIC) *8259 from INTEL databook *8259A from NEC databook *19891203/wjvg icw = initialization command word ocw = operation command word initialization command word 1 (icw1) 0 w aaa1.... | | | on next read: read 0=nr of highest level requesting interrupt w.0x01... | | | automatic end of interrupt mode w.......1 8086/8085 mode *end |
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http://www.xs4all.nl/~ganswijk/chipdir/reg/8259.txt
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| | interrupt controller chip, used process and prioritize |
| | In IBM-compatible computers, the intel 8259 A programmable Interrupt Controller responds to each hardware interrupt, assigns a priority, and forwards it to the main processor. | | | A chip, used to process and prioritize hardware interrupts. | | | A few months ago we were approached by a company wanting us to update their existing website with a fresher look and make it more optimised towards search engines to increase sales. |
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http://www.ssiltd.co.uk/glossary/details.asp?item=1115
(276 words)
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| | Advanced Programmable Interrupt Controller - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | An Advanced Programmable Interrupt Controller (APIC) is a more intricate Programmable Interrupt Controller (PIC) containing a magnitude more outputs and much more complex priority schemas. | | | One of the best known APIC architectures, the Intel APIC Architecture, is now replacing the original 8259A PIC in newer x86 PCs. | | | This page was last modified 06:50, 7 April 2006. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/APIC
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| | Programmable Interrupt Controller - Computing Reference - eLook.org |
| | Programmable Interrupt Controller - Computing Reference - eLook.org | | | PIC A special-purpose integrated circuit that functions as an overall manager in an interrupt driven system. | | | It accepts requests from the peripheral equipment, determines which of the incoming requests is of the highest priority, ascertains whether the incoming request has a higher priority value than the level currently being serviced, and issues an interrupt to the CPU based on this determination. |
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http://www.elook.org/computing/programmable-interrupt-controller.htm
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| | HI-TECH Software Forums: the programmable interrupt controller |
| | The idea is to use MSP430 as a PIC. | | | CODE has code if IRQ D/C has condition for interrupt, current Interrupt if active is deactivated. | | | I need PIC to wake up my AVR from an external interrupt. |
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http://www.htsoft.com/forum/all/showthreaded.php?Number=15095&page=
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| | [No title] |
| | 0x02); /* write SEOI to 8259 Programmable Interrupt */ /* Controller to signal Specific End of Interrupt (SEOI) */ outportb(PIC_B_CTRL, SEOI | | | 0x00); /* write SEOI to 8259 Programmable Interrupt */ /* Controller to signal Specific End of Interrupt (SEOI) */ return; } inISR = TRUE; rtcData.maxOverruns = rtcData.numOverruns; rtcData.numOverruns = 0; outportb(PIC_A_CTRL, SEOI | | | 0x00); /* write SEOI to 8259 Programmable Interrupt */ /* Controller to signal Specific End of Interrupt (SEOI) */ /* save the floating-point registers, because this ISR may mess them up */ asm { fwait; fsave save_float_regs; } for (i=0; i |
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http://www.asel.udel.edu/robotics/esfb/src/demos/cartrate/master/common_code/perforce/rtc.c
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| | Chipdir - Chips in the category PIC |
| | Universal Interrupt controller (UIC) (=~8259) the control pins differ slightly in function from those of the 8259, pinout, obsolete |
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http://www.avocetsystems.com/chipdir/f/pic.htm
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| | Intel 82806AA Advanced Programmable Interrupt Controller drivers Windows 98 |
| | Intel 82806AA Advanced Programmable Interrupt Controller drivers Windows 98 | | | Intel 82806AA Advanced Programmable Interrupt Controller Drivers Download for Windows 98 | | | Home I What a driver is I Installation of drivers I Updating of the BIOS |
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http://www.helpdrivers.com/ingles/listado/dow.asp?codigo=7010
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