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| | Hardware random number generator - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
 | | Most computer "random number generators" are not hardware devices, but are software algorithms. | | | In computing, a hardware random number generator is an apparatus that generates random numbers from a physical process. | | | On the other hand, it is easy to produce pseudo-random number generators that are guaranteed not to repeat on any conceivable computer within a time-frame that is millions of times longer than the age of the Universe. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hardware_random_number_generator
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| | Random number generator attack - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | The Fortuna random number generator is an example of an algorithm which uses this mechanism. | | | The most sophisticated hardware random number generator can be subverted placing such a chip anywhere upstream of where the source of randomness is digitized, say in an output driver chip or even in the cable connecting the RNG to the computer. | | | Subverted random numbers can be created using a cryptographically secure pseudo-random number generator with a seed value known to the attacker but concealed in the software. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Random_number_generator_attack
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| | Encyclopedia4U - Hardware random number generator - Encyclopedia Article |
| | Most so-called "random numbers" generated by computers are usually pseudo-random numbers generated by an arithmetic algorithm. | | | This use of random generators is important; many informed observers believe every computer should have a way to generate true random numbers. | | | True random numbers are absolutely required for the only provably unbreakable encryption algorithm -- the one-time pads. |
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http://www.encyclopedia4u.com/h/hardware-random-number-generator.html
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| | True random number generators |
| | A hardware (true) random number generator is a piece of electronics that plugs into a computer and produces genuine random numbers as opposed to the pseudo-random numbers that are produced by a computer program such as newran. | | | I have always been somewhat suspicious of computer generated pseudo-random numbers. | | | With a pseudo-random number generator with only 2**31 possible values, there aren't enough possibilities to generate every possible combination of balls to be drawn in the game I am currently working with. |
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http://www.robertnz.net/true_rng.html
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| | Talk:Hardware random number generator - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | Unfortunately, that would mislead too many people because so many computer programming languages have a "Random Number Generator" that is in fact pseudorandom. | | | The best terminology might be to reserve "Random Number Generator" for those based on random processes and use Pseudo-Random Number Generator for algorithm only methods. | | | There are some who question the existance ot "true random numbers." I'm not one of them, but it's perhaps best to use a more neutral title. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Hardware_random_number_generator
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| | Random Selection Software and Random Sampling by RandomBots.com |
| | Generate random number sets from two input ranges simultaneously. | | | Generate a fixed or variable number of blank data items per set - the position of each blank item is determined at random. | | | Generate random numbers from a single range [low,high]. |
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http://www.RandomBots.com
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| | Encyclopedia article on Hardware random number generator [EncycloZine] |
| | Most computer "random number generators" are not hardware devices, but are software algorithms. | | | In computing, a hardware random number generator is an apparatus that generates random numbers from a physical process. | | | Truly random numbers are absolutely required to be assured of the theoretical security provided by the the one-time pad — the only provably unbreakable encryption algorithm. |
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http://encyclozine.com/Hardware_random_number_generator
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| | ID Quantique: Physical quantum random number generator |
| | Being deterministic, computers are not capable of producing random numbers. | | | Quantis is a physical random number generator exploiting an elementary quantum optics process. | | | Quantum random number generators have the advantage over conventional randomness sources of being invulnerable to environmental perturbations and of allowing live status verification. |
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http://www.idquantique.com/qrng.html
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| | Randomness |
| | Ohm's law and the kinetic theory of gases are statistically reliable descriptions of the 'sum' (ie, the net result or integration) of vast numbers of individual micro events, each of which are random and none of which are individually predictable. | | | The world's first programmable digital electronic computer was developed to attack a mechanical (and subtly non-random) implementation of the one-time pad. | | | Random draws are often used to make a decision where no rational or fair basis exists for making a deterministic decision. |
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http://www.brainyencyclopedia.com/encyclopedia/r/ra/randomness.html
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| | Hardware random number generators |
| | A hardware random number generator is an electronic device that plugs into a computer and produces genuine random numbers. | | | This is in contrast to the pseudo-random numbers produced by a random number computer program. | | | A hardware random number generator uses a physical phenomenon such as electrical noise from a resistor or semiconductor diode or the decay of a radioactive material for the initial source of randomness. |
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http://www.robertnz.net/hwrng.htm
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| | random.org - who is using random.org? |
| | Numbers from random.org shouldn't be used for this purpose because they might be observed by a third party while in transit, but there are other applications (most notably games and lottery type services) that require true randomness but where secrecy isn't important. | | | I used your random sequence generator to create a list of 489 numbers, and my problem was solved. | | | As mentioned in my essay on randomness and random numbers, true random numbers can be used for many purposes, perhaps the most important of which is the generation of cryptographic keys. |
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http://www.random.org/users.html
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| | Yarrow |
| | They're called pseudorandom, because you can't get truly random numbers from a completely non-random thing like a computer. | | | Yarrow is a PRNG; it generates cryptographically secure pseudorandom numbers on a computer. | | | Random numbers are in session keys, initialization vectors, public-key generation, and many other places. |
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http://www.counterpane.com/yarrow.html
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| | True random number generators |
| | A hardware (true) random number generator is a piece of electronics that plugs into a computer and produces genuine random numbers as opposed to the pseudo-random numbers that are produced by a computer program such as newran. | | | So I would really like my hardware random number generator to be as good as possible and the pseudo-random number generator to be used to clean up the very small amount of correlation or bias that remains in the output from the hardware random number generator. | | | If I used a modern random number generator with vastly more possible values, it would still be difficult to prove that each possible combination of balls had probability close to the theoretical probability. |
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http://www.robertnz.net/true_rng.html
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| | A True Random Number Generator |
| | The random number generator itself is shown in the middle and the display unit on the right. | | | These pictures show the entire system consisting of the random number generator and a display unit. | | | In most cases I do not believe in things I did not measure myself, so I decided to develop a true random number generator, RNG-1 (this name was already in use for other random generators - a fact I did not know about then): |
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http://www.vaxman.de/projects/rng/rng.html
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| | Pi Seems A Good Random Number Generator - But Not Always The Best |
| | Tu and Fischbach decided to test pi's randomness against the outputs of 31 commercially available random number generators (RNGs) that are frequently used for encrypting confidential information before it is stored or sent electronically. | | | "This study probably says more about our commercially available random number generators than the nature of pi," Fischbach said. | | | Physicists including Purdue's Ephraim Fischbach have completed a study comparing the "randomness" in pi to that produced by 30 software random number generators and one chaos-generating physical machine. |
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http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2005/04/050427094258.htm
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| | True Random Number Generator ZRANDOM ISA - True Random Bits - True Random Numbers |
| | True Random Number Generator ZRANDOM (ISA port) incl. | | | We offer a professional, patented hardware True Random Number Generator (TRNG) which can be directly connected to a Personal Computer (ISA slot!). | | | true random numbers, true random number generator, hardware random number generator, thermal noise, white noise, truly random numbers, high speed generation, random bit, Monte Carlo simulation, encoding, code, encryption, cryptography, crypto, random digit, PGP, pretty good privacy, Vernam code, true random numbers, random bit tests FIPS PUB140-1, digital signatures, DLL, API Application Program Interface |
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http://home.t-online.de/home/p.westphal/zran_eng.htm
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| | rfc1750.txt |
| | This amount of randomness is beyond the limit of that in the inputs recommended by the US DoD for password generation and could require user typing timing, hardware random number generation, or other sources. | | | Another serious strategy error is to assume that a very complex pseudo-random number generation algorithm will produce strong random numbers when there has been no theory behind or analysis of the algorithm. | | | If these 56 bit keys are derived by using a fixed pseudo-random number generator that is seeded with an 8 bit seed, then an adversary needs to search through only 256 keys (by running the pseudo-random number generator with every possible seed), not the 2^56 keys that may at first appear to be the case. |
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http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1750.txt
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| | How to build your own true random number generator |
| | Then it gives the length of the file, so this is read and used to work out how many groups of 8 bytes (the number required for each random number) there are. | | | The next for loop creates the random numbers. | | | The numbers given by pseudo-RNGs are not actually random, the are worked out by starting with a seed and applying a mathmatical process to it (therefore starting with the same seed will give the same numbers). |
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http://www.betelgeuse-4.net/howto/random/index.php
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| | PGP Attacks |
| | The random pool (which is the randseed.bin file) is used to seed the ANSI X9.17 PRNG (which uses IDEA, not 3DES). | | | The ANSI X9.17 generator and a function which measures the entropy from the latency in a user's keystrokes. | | | A second way to defeat Kocher's attack is to use blinding: you "blind" the data beforehand, perform the cryptographic computation, and then unblind afterwards. |
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http://axion.physics.ubc.ca/pgp-attack.html
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| | Halfbakery: True Random Number Generator |
| | I have theorized that the decimal expansion of an irrational number (such as pi, or the square root of a prime number) is random, in one sense, yet calculatable in other sense. | | | On the other hand, just because simple mathematical systems can create incredibly complex, chaotic and unmeasurable systems does *not* imply that randomness does not exist *too*. | | | There is order, meaning, and significance in such a digit sequence, yet I would argue that it is random. |
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http://www.halfbakery.com/idea/True_20Random_20Number_20Generator
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| | Random.org - True Random Number Service |
| | Random.org offers true random numbers to anyone on the internet. | | | The easiest way is to use a web form to generate random integers (with duplicates, like dice rolls), randomized sequences (without duplicates, like lottery tickets) or raw random bytes. | | | If you want to know how the numbers are made and what it is that makes them true, read the |
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http://www.random.org/
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| | Random Number Generator (RNG) from ORION Products |
| | Random Number Generators are generating numbers in a sequence in such away that the next number has no relation with the previous numbers. | | | It produces completely independent series of numbers and can be used for randomization of numbers, encryption purposes, virtual casinos or for scientific research. | | | The Random Number Generator parallel port dongle(Mac/DOS/Win) is the first true RNG to pass Marsaglia's famous DIEHARD randomness test. |
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http://www.randomnumbergenerator.nl/rng/home.html
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| | Xtreme Visual Basic Talk - True Random Number Generator |
| | VB's internal RNG cannot create random number without some other random input. | | | But, the original poster obviously needs something better than Randomize for encryption since, being based on time, is pretty easy to work out (know the time of randimizing, and eventually you could find the random number). | | | Randomize is not a true random number generator. |
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http://visualbasicforum.com/archive/index.php/t-10428
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| | Random Number Generators |
| | Random Numbers for Computer Simulation, Hannes Leeb, 1995. | | | Random Numbers in Data Security Systems, Scott Durrant, Intel Platform Security Division. | | | Intel 82802 Firmware Hub: Random Number Generator, Programmer's Reference Manual, Intel, Dec. 1999. |
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http://cnscenter.future.co.kr/crypto/algorithm/random.html
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| | The Hardware Random Number Generator |
| | Integrating a random number generator (RNG) on a commodity IC is similar to a manned expedition to MARS: they must take everything with them into that harsh environment that they will need. | | | Any number can also be produced as the result of a non-random process, although for many numbers this will be a very uninteresting process such as a simple table-lookup and copy. | | | The number 000...0 fails all sorts of statistical tests, but can be a random number if it is generated by a TRNG. |
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http://www.ciphersbyritter.com/NEWS4/HARDRAND.HTM
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| | RAND232 / R232-light - True Random Number Generators |
| | For more sophisticated tests on any large random number file, I suggest the RNG-Tester that can be downloaded freely at the University of Geneve. | | | Almost any plug-and-play random number generator to be advertized on the net for unconscionable pay works exactly like that. | | | yet they are deterministic systems and by that they are unable to produce real random events based on any program or math algorithm. |
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http://www.angelfire.com/theforce/jte/rand/rand.html
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| | FreeS/WAN glossary |
| | Of course an attacker might still try to break the cryptographic algorithm used, or the random number generator. | | | An authentication system in which one player generates a random number, encrypts it and sends the result as a challenge. | | | An attacker cannot deduce i from the cyphertext c, short of either factoring N or solving the discrete logarithm problem for this field. |
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http://www.freeswan.org/freeswan_snaps/CURRENT-SNAP/doc/glossary.html
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| | Hardware Random Bit Generator |
| | What he meant by that is this: if you try to generate random numbers using only software, the results will necessarily depend on the state of your machine at the outset of the process, and are therefore (at least in principle) insecure. | | | Johnny von Neumann once said that anybody who contemplates arithmetic methods for the generation of random numbers is in a state of sin. | | | Looking at the latest Linux sources is generally the best way of getting the very latest random code. |
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http://willware.net:8080/hw-rng.html
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| | ISAAC and RC4 |
| | ISAAC should be useful as a stream cipher, for simulations, and as a general purpose pseudorandom number generator. | | | The purpose of this paper is to introduce the new random number generators IA, IBAA, and ISAAC. | | | Smaller versions of RC4 can be made by reducing the array size and the number of bits per value in the array. |
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http://burtleburtle.net/bob/rand/isaac.html
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| | High-Entropy Symbol Generator |
| | Although there exist garden-variety “Random Number Generators” that are suitable for garden-variety applications, they fail miserably in adversarial applications such as high-stakes gaming or cryptography, for reasons discussed in section 9.1. | | | The symbols it generates are random in the strictest sense. | | | To repeat: One difference between a genuinely entropic randomness generator and a pseudo-randomness generator is that for the latter you have to worry about where you get the initial seed, how you recover the seed after a crash/restart, and how you protect the seed for all time, including protecting your backup tapes. |
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http://www.av8n.com/turbid/paper/turbid.htm
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