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| | Other vowel parameters |
 | | English has a few environments where vowels may be (non-contrastively) nasalized. | | | The tongue tip may be curled back to perform a retroflex approximant, whatever the tongue body is doing. |
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http://www.umanitoba.ca/faculties/arts/linguistics/russell/138/sec3/morevowl.htm
(501 words)
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| | [conlang] Digest Number 4095 |
| | It can indeed; and IMO it would be preferable not to use 'retroflex' this way for that very reason. | | | The CXS symbol for the retroflex approximant is [r\`], which is a direct mapping of the components of the IPA symbol: the symbol for the dental/alveolar/postalveoloar approximant [r\] plus the rhotic hook [`]. | | | The CXS symbol for the retroflex > approximant is [r\`], which is a direct mapping of the components of the > IPA symbol: the symbol for the dental/alveolar/postalveoloar approximant > [r\] plus the rhotic hook [`]. |
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http://www.mail-archive.com/conlang@yahoogroups.com/msg00087.html
(7062 words)
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| | Language Log: 1421 |
| | It is phonologically impossible since Tamil has no [z] sound and since the retroflex approximant sometimes romanized (Tamil &;) cannot appear in initial position. | | | When I asked them about this form, Dravidianist Harold Schiffman agreed with Ryan, and Tamil scholar and native speaker Vasu Renganathan said that he knew no such word.] |
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http://itre.cis.upenn.edu/~myl/languagelog/archives/000409.html
(2198 words)
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| | Lateral consonant - Enpsychlopedia |
| | Such symbols are rare, but are becoming more common now that font-editing software has become accessible. | | | Rarer lateral consonants include the retroflex laterals that can be found in most Indic languages; and the sound of Welsh ll, the voiceless alveolar lateral fricative [&;] that is also found in Zulu and many Native American languages. | | | English has a lateral approximant phoneme /l/, which in many accents has two allophones. |
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http://psychcentral.com/psypsych/Laterals
(626 words)
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| | Mock Exam Posibble Answers |
| | Give one example of IPA symbols for vowels and one example for consonants, none of which occur in English or German, and describe them in terms of articulatory features. | | | [ɭ] - pulmonic egressiv, retroflex, lateral approximant, voiced; | | | [ʎ] - pulmonic egressiv, palatal, lateral approximant, voiced; |
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http://www.spectrum.uni-bielefeld.de/~aeberhard/tutorials/materials/examsol.html
(1051 words)
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| | Approximant consonant - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | Although many languages have central vowels [ɨ, ʉ] which lie between back/velar [ɯ, u] and front/palatal [i, y], no language is known to have corresponding approximants. | | | For example, the voiceless labialized velar approximant [ʍ] has traditionally been called a fricative. | | | This page contains phonetic information in IPA, which may not display correctly in some browsers. |
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http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Approximant
(365 words)
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| | Lojban Reference Grammar: Chapter 3 |
| | Thus Lojbanized names, which are generally required to end in a consonant, are allowed to end with a syllabic consonant. | | | An example is ``rl.'', which is an approximation of the English name ``Earl'', and has two syllabic consonants. | | | (Approximate English equivalents of most of these diphthongs exist: see Section 11 for examples.) |
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http://www.lojban.org/publications/reference_grammar/chapter3.html
(6284 words)
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| | Retroflex approximant - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | The retroflex approximant is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. | | | Its manner of articulation is approximant, which means it is produced by bringing one articulator close to another but without the vocal tract being narrowed to such an extent that a turbulent airstream is produced. | | | Its place of articulation is retroflex, which prototypically means it is articulated with the tip of the tongue curled up, but more generally means that it is postalveolar without being palatalized. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retroflex_approximant
(262 words)
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| | [conlang] Digest Number 4096 |
| | We have not all been writing about the same thing or using the term 'retroflex' in the same way. | | | The first syllable is already poised as a retroflex. | | | We have > not all been writing about the same thing or using the term 'retroflex' in > the same way. |
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http://www.mail-archive.com/conlang@yahoogroups.com/msg00088.html
(6636 words)
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| | Rhotic consonant - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | In northern England, there used to be accents which employed the voiced velar fricative, which was called a "burr." In southern England, the velar approximant is considered a prestigious kind of lisp, though it does not occur in many other national dialects. | | | The IPA symbol for the alveolar approximant is [ɹ] and the symbol for the retroflex approximant is [ɻ]. | | | This page was last modified 20:48, 2 November 2005. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhotic_consonant
(602 words)
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| | The Language Vorlin |
| | Most European languages use a comma to represent the decimal point, while English uses a period; and so we may find “pi” approximated as “3,14159” or “3.14159” depending on the language of the author. | | | The period cannot be used to indicate abbreviations or initials as it is in English. | | | In English, a relative clause must always occur after the noun which it modifies; approximately half of the world’s languages put relative clauses before the modified noun. |
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http://www.rickharrison.com/language/vorlin1999.html
(8346 words)
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| | RRRRRRRR's |
| | For example, the /r/ in initial /ra/ (in "standard" pronunciation) is pretty much exactly the sound the IPA symbol for the retroflex flap represents (I can't write the symbol here - it's Unicode 027d, an r with a tail hooking up to the right) - and that symbol certainly is used for other languages too. | | | The examples Zhen Lin has given are, I believe, pretty similar to many uses of the Japanese /r/. | | | In any case, you will be understood if you use any of these, although I don't think the Japanese r sound has ever been described as any of them: |
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http://www.animelyrics.com/forum/topic_show.pl?tid=17308
(622 words)
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| | Acoustic enhancement |
| | Retroflex approximants, pharyngeal approximants, and lip rounding are so often performed simultaneously because all three have the same desired acoustic effect -- lowering F3. | | | You can often get a reasonable approximation of an [ | | | ] by doing only the lip rounding and/or the pharyngeal approximant: |
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http://www.umanitoba.ca/linguistics/russell/138/sec4/enhance.htm
(302 words)
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| | Phonetics and Phonology |
| | Simultaneous bilabial, palatal or velar approximant produced at the same time as a primary articulation which has a higher degree of stricture (usually stop stricture, occasionally fricative stricture) and which is produced at another place of articulation. | | | Which vocal organ provides the main source of power in producing ejectives and implosives? |
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http://www.ling.mq.edu.au/units/ling210-901/phonetics/general_phonetics_samples/index.html
(875 words)
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| | User:Sundar/Tamil language - tScholars.com |
| | The l (pictured right) in the name Tamil is pronounced like a retroflex r and is often transliterated as zh. | | | This phoneme is believed to be unique to Tamil and Malayalam. |
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http://www.tscholars.com/encyclopedia/User:Sundar/Tamil_language
(2100 words)
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| | Computer-coding the IPA: a proposed extension of SAMPA |
| | K\ labiodental approximant P (or v\) alveolar approximant r\ retroflex approximant r\` velar approximant M\ retroflex lateral approximant l` palatal lateral approximant L velar lateral approximant L\ |
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http://www.phon.ucl.ac.uk/home/sampa/x-sampa.htm
(725 words)
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| | X-SAMPA code (2) |
| | labiodental approximant P (or v\) alveolar approximant r\ retroflex approximant r\` velar approximant M\ retroflex lateral approximant l` palatal lateral approximant L velar lateral approximant L\ Clicks: |
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http://coral.lili.uni-bielefeld.de/Classes/Winter98/LingHyper/AbidjanCourse/abidjancourse/node22.html
(95 words)
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