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| | Simultaneous multithreading - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
 | | Simultaneous multithreading, often abbreviated as SMT, is a technique for improving the overall efficiency of the hardware that executes instructions in a computer. | | | The Intel Pentium 4 was the first modern commercial processor to implement simultaneous multithreading, starting from the 3.06GHz model released in 2002, and since introduced into a number of their processors. | | | Superscalar means executing multiple instructions from same process at the same time while chip-level multithreading (CMT) executes instructions from multiple threads within one processor chip at the same time. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simultaneous_multithreading
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| | Temporal multithreading - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | Temporal multithreading is one of the two main forms of multithreading that can be implemented on computer processor hardware, the other form being Simultaneous multithreading. | | | In Temporal multithreading the number is one, while in Simultaneous multithreading the number is larger than one. | | | There are many possible variations with coarse-grain Temporal multithreading, mainly having to do with the algorithm that determines when to switch threads. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temporal_multithreading
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| | An Analysis of Computer Architectures For Exploiting Parallelism |
| | Because simultaneous multithreaded processors successfully (and simultaneously) exploits both types of parallelism, SMT processors use resources more efficiently, and both instruction throughput and speedups are greater [3]. | | | Simultaneous multithreading adds minimal hardware complexity to, and, in fact, is a straightforward extension of, conventional dynamically scheduled superscalar (it’s described in the following paragraph). | | | Multithreading is a way of hiding this latency in a generalized way. |
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http://longwood.cs.ucf.edu/~feuerbac/papers/archpara.html
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| | IBM JRD 49-4/5 Characterization of simultaneous multithreading (SMT) efficiency in POWER5 |
| | Simultaneous multithreading (SMT) is a way of implementing multiple threads on an out-of-order processor [9–11]. | | | Simultaneous multithreading (SMT), first available on the POWER5™ processor, moves beyond simple thread switching to the maintenance of two thread streams that are issued as continuously as possible to ensure the maximum use of processor resources. | | | Coarse-grained multithreading, the switching of threads to avoid idle processor time during long-latency events, has been available on IBM systems since 1998. |
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http://www.research.ibm.com/journal/rd/494/mathis.html
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| | CSEE Colloquium OGI School of Science & Engineering |
| | Simultaneous multithreading (SMT) is a technique that combines superscalar execution with hardware multithreading. | | | While traditional hardware multithreading architectures (e.g., Alewife, Tera) depend on fast context switches to time-share the processor, simultaneous multithreading permits multiple threads to issue instructions to a superscalar's functional units in the same cycle. | | | Also, I will present an architecture for SMT which demonstrates that the performance potential of SMT can be realized without (1) excessive changes to a conventional superscalar design or (2) hurting single-thread performance in the limiting case where there is only one thread in the processor. |
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http://www.cse.ogi.edu/colloquia/event/131.html
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| | Real World Technologies - Alpha EV8 (Part 2): Simultaneous Multi-Threat |
| | An example of a fine-grained multithreaded processor is the five-threaded MicroUnity MediaProcessor [2]. | | | The hardware cost of fine grained multithreading is relatively modest: N thread contexts, and control logic and multiplexors to cyclically commutate instructions and data from N different threads into and out of the execution units. | | | Called Simultaneous Multithreading (SMT), it allows the instructions from two or more threads to be issued to execution units each cycle. |
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http://www.realworldtech.com/page.cfm?ArticleID=RWT122600000000
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| | University Week: Technology developed on campus will speed up computers |
| | The technique, known as simultaneous multithreading, was first proposed in the mid-1990s by Susan Eggers and Hank Levy, UW professors in the Department of Computer Science and Engineering. | | | Ultimately, Cray’s Smith predicts, multithreading of one sort or another will be needed for all types of computing, from personal computing to the very highest performance computing we do. | | | The speed and efficiency of computer network and database servers could increase as much as 400 percent because of an idea developed by two UW computer scientists that is reaching mainstream computing. |
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http://depts.washington.edu/uweek/archives/2002.05.MAY_23/news_a.html
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| | Simultaneous Multithreading |
| | Simultaneous Multithreading is a well-known concept in workstation and mainframe hardware. | | | Figure 3.14 depicts the operation of the algorithm for a system with two physical CPUs, each allowing simultaneous execution of two threads, i.e. | | | Executing two threads simultaneously on one processor has the advantage of more independent instructions being available, and thus leads to more efficient CPU utilization. |
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http://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/~bruckner/homepage/content/mastersthesis/html/node42.html
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| | US-CERT Vulnerability Note VU#911878 |
| | Operating systems on hardware platforms supporting simultaneous multi-threading (Hyper-Threading technology in particular) are potentially vulnerable to information leakage to local users. | | | Simultaneous multithreading processors may leak information through cache eviction analysis techniques | | | This vulnerability is applicable to many operating system platforms running on a hardware platform that supports simultaneous multithreading (Intel HTT in particular). |
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http://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/911878
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| | Simultaneous Multithreading Performance |
| | The definitive reference for these types of optimizations is Intel's book, Programming with Hyper-Threading Technology. | | | Sun calls this paradigm shift "throughput computing," which is a name that I feel is relatively descriptive. | | | The challenge is that we need to change our tools and mindsets to take advantage of the available multithreaded computational power. |
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http://evanjones.ca/smt-performance.html
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| | Symbiotic jobscheduling with priorities for a simultaneous multithreading processor |
| | Simultaneous Multithreading machines benefit from jobscheduling software that monitors how well coscheduled jobs share CPU re-sources, and coschedules jobs that interact well to make more ef-ficient use of those resources. | | | Symbiotic jobscheduling with priorities for a simultaneous multithreading processor | | | Using detailed simulation of an SMT architecture, we introduce and evaluate a series of five software and hardware-assisted prior-ity schedulers. |
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http://www.cs.toronto.edu/~demke/OS_Reading_Grp/s2002/Abstracts/snavely02_abs.html
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| | Parallelization Strategies for Commodity Hardware |
| | Whether Hyper-Threading is enabled or disabled adding a second CPU approximately reduces the computational time by 50%, i.e., Symmetric Multiprocessing and Simultaneous Multithreading are independent. | | | While changing the viewing direction, the speedup varies from 25% to 35%, due to different transfer patterns between the level 1 and the level 2 cache. | | | This shows that our Simultaneous Multithreading scheme scales well on multi-processor machines. |
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http://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/~bruckner/homepage/content/mastersthesis/html/node58.html
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| | Simultaneous Multithreading |
| | This paper examines simultaneous multithreading, a technique permitting several independent threads to issue instructions to a superscalar's multiple functional units in a single cycle. | | | While simultaneous multithreading has excellent potential to increase processor utilization, it can add substantial complexity to the design. | | | We evaluate several cache configurations made possible by this type of organization and evaluate tradeoffs between them. |
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http://www.cs.washington.edu/research/arch/mult-sim.html
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| | Intel hyperthreading shows Digital roots CNET News.com |
| | Intel's hyperthreading, which involves breaking up an application for easier digestion by a computer's processors, derives in part from work on simultaneous multithreading performed by a team of researchers at the University of Washington and Digital, an Intel representative confirmed. | | | In true Digital style, the Alpha chips that were to feature multithreading and integrated controllers have been delayed several times. | | | Nonetheless, technologies with Digital genes march on, including HyperTransport, a high-speed method of chip interconnection championed by Advanced Micro Devices; a future version of Intel's Itanium family of processors; and low-power chips for cell phones and handhelds from both those companies. |
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http://news.com.com/2100-1001-961495.html
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| | [No title] |
| | Of course, while simultaneous multithreading seems like a great solution, the complexities inherent in it's design can add some serious issues when it comes to implementation. | | | All in all, the authors of the article effectively examine the problems inherent in simultaneous multithreading, and offer solutions on how to overcome those problems. | | | The paper, by Dean M. Tullsen, Susan J. Eggers, and Henry M. Levy, from the department of Computer Science and Engineering at the University of Washington, was written about simultaneous multithreading. |
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http://www.cs.hmc.edu/~jsmallma/cs110/abstract10.html
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| | OS Scheduling for Simultaneous Multithreading Processors |
| | Within recent years the concept of the simultaneous multithreading (SMT) processor has been gaining in popularity. | | | This hardware allows multiple processes to run on the processor at the same time providing more potential for instruction level parallelism. | | | In contrast, the few number of decisions to make (few threads and/or few processes) the less important the decision of a scheduler becomes. |
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http://www.eecs.harvard.edu/~jonathan/wisc/cs752
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| | doc |
| | We show that this restricted level of simultaneous multithreading is able to capture most of the performance benefits of the fully centralized approach while, at the same time, allowing the design to be decentralized. | | | Overall, this approach enables detailed yet fast EDS of superscalar processors for both a uni- and multi-processor configuration. | | | Efficient Use of Processing Transistors for Larger On-Chip Storage: Multithreading |
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http://iacoma.cs.uiuc.edu/multithreading
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| | Relaxing Constraints: A Conversation with Intel Fellow Joel Emer |
| | Considered a turning point in the industry, this research influenced Intel's independent and parallel research of HT Technology, and provided outside validation of its viability. | | | Get Emer's perspective on the development of SMT, how he approaches technological innovation, and what he foresees in the future. | | | I thought, 'Well that's compatible with the out-of-order design style that we're moving towards. |
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http://www.intel.com/technology/computing/mi12021.htm
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| | Abstract |
| | We discuss the results of several simulations where chip multiprocessor was compared to other advanced processor architectures including superscalars and simultaneous multithreading processors. | | | In this paper we describe the principles of the chip multiprocessor architecture, overview design alternatives and present some example processors of this type. | | | Although simultaneous multithreading seems to be most efficient when compared architectures have equal total issue bandwidth, chip multiprocessor may outperform simultaneous multithreading when implemented with equal number of transistors. |
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http://www-csd.ijs.si/abstracts/BR01A.html
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| | [No title] |
| | @Inproceedings{Tull97, Author="{J.L.Lo, S.J.Eggers, H.M.Levy, S.S.Parekh, and D.M.Tullsen}", Key="", Title="Tuning Compiler Optimization for Simultaneous Multithreading", Booktitle="Proceedings of Micro-30", Year="1997"} @Inproceedings{Tull96, Author="{D.M.Tullsen, S.J.Eggers, J.S.Emer, H.M.Levy, J.L.Lo, and R.L.Stamm}", Key="", Title="Exploiting choice: Instruction fetch and issue on an implementable simultaneous multithreading processor", Booktitle="23rd Ann. | | | On Computer Architecture", Year="1996"} @Inproceedings{Tull95, Author="{D.M.Tullsen, S.J.Eggers, and H.M.Levy}", Key="", Title="Simulatneous multithreading: Maximizing on-chip parallelism", Booktitle="22nd Ann. | | | On Computer and Systems", volumn= "15(3)", month= "August", year= "1997" } @article{Gunt97, author= "B.K.Gunther", title= "Multithreading with Distributed Functional Units", journal= "IEEE Trans. |
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http://ceng.usc.edu/~gaudiot/ee653/ee653.bib
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| | Clearwater Networks - Simultaneous Multithreading (SMT) Core |
| | The company was established to develop a network processor utilizing multithreading technology. | | | In each cycle anywhere from zero to three instructions can be executed from each of the threads depending on instruction dependencies and availability of resources. | | | The processing core of Clearwater's network processor, the CNP810SP, is shown above. |
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http://www.zytek.com/~melvin/clearwater.html
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| | DBLP: Dean M. Tullsen |
| | Weifeng Zhang, Brad Calder, Dean M. Tullsen: An Event-Driven Multithreaded Dynamic Optimization Framework. | | | Dean M. Tullsen, Susan J. Eggers, Joel S. Emer, Henry M. Levy, Jack L. Lo, Rebecca L. Stamm: Exploiting Choice: Instruction Fetch and Issue on an Implementable Simultaneous Multithreading Processor. | | | Rakesh Kumar, Dean M. Tullsen: Compiling for instruction cache performance on a multithreaded architecture. |
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http://www.informatik.uni-trier.de/~ley/db/indices/a-tree/t/Tullsen:Dean_M=.html
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| | [No title] |
| | So if you're looking to understand more about multithreading, symmetric multiprocessing systems, and hyper-threading then this article is for you. | | | To take full advantage of SMT, applications will need to be multithreaded; and just like with SMP, the higher the degree of multithreading the more performance an application can wring out of Prescott's hardware. | | | Intel's next major IA-32 processor release, codenamed Prescott, will include a feature called simultaneous multithreading (SMT), also known as hyper-threading. |
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http://arstechnica.com/articles/paedia/cpu/hyperthreading.ars/1
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| | EETimes.com - XStream unit handles simultaneous multithreading |
| | XStream chief technology officer Mario Nemirovsky helped develop SMT, which he calls dynamic multistreaming, when he was a researcher at the University of California, Santa Barbara, in the late 1980s. | | | SAN JOSE, Calif. — XStream Logic Inc. (Los Gatos, Calif.) will describe a novel approach to packet processing at the Microprocessor Forum this week, using simultaneous multithreading (SMT) to achieve Layer 4 through 7 processing at OC-192 (10-Gbit/second) speeds. | | | XStream backs its multithreaded core with a packet-management unit that acts as a very smart DMA engine. |
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http://www.eet.com/story/OEG20001009S0061
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| | CPUs Revisited: PC Processor Microarchitecture Evolution |
| | Based on a few rumors and conjecture, we were able to predict 5 years ago that Intel would implement simultaneous multithreading (SMT) as a way to deal with the latency sensitivity of the Pentium 4 architecture. | | | Some RISC vendors had already introduced this feature, but Intel needed to introduce a new buzzword to give an old idea new pizzazz. |
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http://www.extremetech.com/article2/0,1697,1860950,00.asp
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| | Simultaneous Multithreading |
| | Simple multithreading only releases instruction groups to the pipeline from a single thread on each clock | | | Simultaneous multithreading chooses a group from all threads to maximize the issue rate |
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http://www.cs.umass.edu/~weems/CmpSci635/Lecture17/L17.6.html
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