|
| |
| | Language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
 | | Mathematics and computer science use artificial entities called formal languages (including programming languages and markup languages, but also some that are far more theoretical in nature). | | | Human languages are usually referred to as natural languages, and the science studying them is linguistics. | | | For example, one prominent artificial language, Esperanto, was created by L. |
|
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Language
(1792 words)
|
|
| |
| | Computer language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | A computer language is a language used by, or in association with, computers. | | | Often, the term is used synonymously with programming language, but in general a computer language need not be a programming language. | | | Programming languages foster the communication of programs among programmers and computers; markup languages communicate the formatting or structure of documents among humans and computers; and so on. |
|
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_language
(1792 words)
|
|
| |
| | CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Hebrew Language and Literature |
| | The existence in remote antiquity of the Chanaanitish language is vouched for by conclusive monumental evidence. | | | Naturally the earlier stages of the growth of the language are the ones involved in the greatest obscurity. | | | To construct an historical sketch of he origin and development of the Hebrew language is a task beset with much difficulty. |
|
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/07176a.htm
(5314 words)
|
|
| |
| | Object language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | Object language should not be confused with object-oriented language, which is a particular type of computer programming language. | | | In computing, the object language of a translation by a compiler or assembler is the language into which a computer program is being translated. | | | The object language of a translation most often is a machine language, but can be some other kind of language, such as assembly language. |
|
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Object_language
(213 words)
|
|
| |
| | Dataflow - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | Dataflow is a term used in computing, and may have various shades of meaning. | | | The term dataflow may also be used to refer to the flow of data within a system, and is the name normally given to the arrows in a data flow diagram that represent the flow of data between external entities, processes, and data stores. | | | Out-of-order execution is the conceptual descendant of dataflow computation and has become the dominant computing paradigm since the 1990s. |
|
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dataflow
(1213 words)
|
|
| |
| | Specification language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | A specification language is a formal language used in computer science. | | | Unlike most programming languages, which are directly executable formal languages used to implement a system, specification languages are used during system analysis, requirements analysis and design. | | | An important use of specification languages is enabling the creation of proofs of program correctness (see theorem prover). |
|
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specification_language
(219 words)
|
|
| |
| | Programming language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | A programming language is a stylized communication technique intended to be used for controlling the behaviour of a machine (often a computer). | | | For instance, a programming language differs from natural languages in that natural languages are used for interaction between people, while programming languages are used for communication from people to machines (this rules out languages used for computer to computer interaction). | | | For instance, a programming language is a language used to write programs. |
|
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Programming_language
(2263 words)
|
|
| |
| | The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Language (David Crystal) |
| | This is illustrated with diagrams for some of the different models of spoken language structure that have been suggested. | | | In smaller print we have boxes on the Genie case (language development of a neglected child), the classification of tongue slips, and the debate over "critical periods" in language development. | | | Part seven explores child language acquisition and part eight the relationship of the brain to language and language handicaps. |
|
http://dannyreviews.com/h/Language.html
(718 words)
|
|
| |
| | Assembly language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | Assembly language, commonly called assembly, asm or symbolic machine code, is a human-readable notation for the machine language that a specific computer architecture uses. | | | Another common area of assembly language use is in the system BIOS of a computer. | | | Assembly language is also valuable in reverse engineering, since many programs are distributed only in machine code form, and machine code is usually easy to translate into assembly language and carefully examine in this form, but very difficult to translate into a higher-level language. |
|
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assembly_language
(1499 words)
|
|
| |
| | Procedural programming - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | Most or all extant procedural programming languages are also imperative languages, because they make explicit references to the state of the execution environment. | | | Procedures, also known as routines, subroutines, methods, or functions (not to be confused with mathematical functions, but similar to those used in functional programming) simply contain a series of computational steps to be carried out. | | | Procedural programming is a programming paradigm based upon the concept of the procedure call. |
|
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Procedural_programming_language
(622 words)
|
|
| |
| | Greek Language Paper @ NaturalResearch.org (Natural Research) |
| | Due to the membership of Greece and Cyprus in the European Union, Greek is one of the 20 official languages of the European Union. | | | The language is spoken also in many other countries where Greeks have settled, including Armenia, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Brazil, Canada, Denmark, France, Germany, Netherlands, Sweden, United Kingdom, and the United States. | | | The Perseus Project has many useful pages for the study of classical languages and literatures, including dictionaries. |
|
http://www.naturalresearch.org/encyclopedia/Greek_language
(1692 words)
|
|
| |
| | Dataflow language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | Dataflow languages contrast with the majority of programming languages, which use the imperative programming model. | | | In computer programming, a dataflow language is a visual programming language that implements dataflow principles and architecture, and model a program, conceptually if not physically, as a directed graph of the data flowing between operations. | | | Dataflow languages share some features of functional languages, and were generally developed in order to bring some functional concepts to a language more suitable for numeric processing. |
|
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dataflow_language
(1029 words)
|
|
| |
| | The History of Computer Programming Languages |
| | The computer languages of the last fifty years have come in two stages, the first major languages and the second major languages, which are in use today. | | | The language was designed at IBM for scientific computing. | | | It was the first computer language for electronic devices and it required the programmer to change its statements into 0's and 1's by hand. |
|
http://www.princeton.edu/~ferguson/adw/programming_languages.shtml
(1029 words)
|
|
| |
| | AWK programming language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | Awk is an example of a programming language that extensively uses the string datatype, associative arrays (that is, arrays indexed by key strings), and regular expressions. | | | AWK is a general purpose computer language that is designed for processing text based data, either in files or data streams. | | | Awk is one of the early tools to appear in Version 7 UNIX and gained popularity as a way to add computational features to a UNIX pipeline. |
|
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Awk
(1029 words)
|
|
| |
| | Functional programming - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | A much-improved functional programming language was LISP, developed by John McCarthy while at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology for the IBM 700/7000 series scientific computers in the late 1950s. | | | Functional languages have remained largely the domain of academics and hobbyists, and what little inroads have been made are due to impure functional languages such as Erlang and Common Lisp. | | | Functional programming appears to be missing several constructs often (though incorrectly) considered essential to an imperative language such as C or Pascal. |
|
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Functional_programming
(2135 words)
|
|
| |
| | Compiler - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | Certain languages, due to the design of the language and certain rules placed on the declaration of variables and other objects used, and the predeclaration of executable procedures prior to reference or use, are capable of being compiled in a single pass. | | | Building a self-hosting compiler is a bootstrapping problem -- the first such compiler for a language must be compiled either by a compiler written in a different language, or (as in Hart and Levin's Lisp compiler) compiled by running the compiler in an interpreter. | | | A compiler is a computer program that translates a series of statements written in one computer language (called the source code) into a resulting output in another computer language (often called the object or target language). |
|
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compiler
(1963 words)
|
|
| |
| | Frame language -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article |
| | Frame languages are rather focused on the recognition and description of objects classes, and relations and interactions are considered as "secondary". | | | In specific contexts, the authors of computer languages use the term "frame" arbitrarily and frequently intuitively, and in a metaphoric sense. | | | In such sense, for example: ((computer science) a programming language that enables the programmer to associate a set of procedures with each type of data structure) Object-oriented programming languages are frame languages, but also every grammar is a frame language. |
|
http://www.absoluteastronomy.com/encyclopedia/f/fr/frame_language.htm
(124 words)
|
|
| |
| | object language - definition of object language in Encyclopedia |
| | In computer science, an object language is a programming language that a programmer codes in. | | | In the process, code itself becomes other intermediate languages (such as assembly language) before becoming a binary program that the computer can run. | | | For an account of the concept of object language in mathematical logic, see formal system. |
|
http://encyclopedia.laborlawtalk.com/object_language
(129 words)
|
|
| |
| | Simulation language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | Discrete-event simulation languages, viewing the model as a sequence of random events each causing a change in state. | | | A computer simulation language describes the operation of a simulation on a computer. | | | An important part of discrete-event languages is the ability to generate pseudo-random numbers and variates from different probability distributions. |
|
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simulation_language
(160 words)
|
|
| |
| | Brainfuck |
| | The language is based on a simple machine model consisting, besides the program, of an array of bytes initialized to zero, a pointer into the array (initialized to point to the first byte of the array), and two streams of bytes for input and output. | | | Brainfuck is a minimalist computer programming language created by Urban Müller; around 1993. | | | However, the Turing machine, and therefore brainfuck, can accomplish any computing task. |
|
http://www.brainyencyclopedia.com/encyclopedia/b/br/brainfuck.html
(160 words)
|
|
| |
| | Scripting language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | Scripting languages are often designed for interactive use, having many commands that can execute individually, and often have very high level operations (for example, in the classic UNIX shell (sh), most operations are programs themselves). | | | Likewise, many computer game systems use a custom scripting language to express the programmed actions of non-player characters and the game environment. | | | Scripting languages (commonly called scripting programming languages or script languages) are computer programming languages initially used only for simple, repeated actions. |
|
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scripting_programming_language
(1249 words)
|
|
| |
| | Macro - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | The term macro is used in many similar contexts which are derived from the concept of macro-expansion, including keyboard macros and macro languages. | | | When programming macros in an unfamiliar macro language, it may be helpful to record a macro to do what the user wants it to do, and then open the macro file and try to gain an understanding of how the command structure works. | | | A macro language is a programming language in which all or most computation is done by expanding macros. |
|
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macro
(903 words)
|
|
| |
| | C programming language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | C is prized for its efficiency, and is the most popular programming language for writing system software, though it is also used for writing applications. | | | C was created with one important goal in mind: to make it easier to write large programs with fewer errors in the procedural programming paradigm, but without encumbering the writer of the C compiler by complex language features. | | | C is a relatively minimalist programming language that operates close to the hardware, and is more similar to assembly language than to most high-level languages. |
|
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C_programming_language
(4971 words)
|
|
| |
| | Lisp programming language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | Lisp was used as the implementation of the programming language Planner that was the foundation for the famous AI system SHRDLU. | | | Today, Lisp languages are used in many fields, from web development to finance [1], and are also common in computer science education. | | | Information Processing Language was the first AI language, from 1955 or 1956, and already included many of the concepts, such as list-processing and recursion, which came to be used in Lisp. |
|
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LISP
(4971 words)
|
|
| |
| | Amazon.co.uk: The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Language: Books |
| | In a sense it could be just as usefully called an encyclopedia of linguistics, as it provides as much information on research and theories of language as it does on the language itself. | | | There is new material on acoustics, physiological concepts of language, and World English, and a complete update of the language distribution maps, language-speaking statistics, a table of the world's languages, and further reading. | | | The is very good for A-Level students and it does convey the 'magic' and 'fascination' of linguistics and languages, but it will become too easy and shallow to help students with academic research. |
|
http://www.amazon.co.uk/exec/obidos/ASIN/0521559677
(916 words)
|
|
| |
| | Language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | The usage of this language is mainly either to define which form of magic is wished to be used, or as the main language used by the magical elves. | | | Mathematics and computer science use artificial entities called formal languages (including programming languages and markup languages, but also some that are far more theoretical in nature). | | | Some of the areas of the brain involved in language processing: Broca's area, Wernicke's area, Supramarginal gyrus, Angular gyrus, Primary Auditory Cortex |
|
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Language
(1880 words)
|
|
| |
| | BCPL - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | BCPL ( Basic Combined Programming Language) is a computer programming language that was designed by Martin Richards of the University of Cambridge in 1966 ; it was originally intended for use in writing compilers for other languages. | | | BCPL was also the initial language used in the seminal Xerox PARC Alto project, the first modern personal computer; among many other influential projects, the ground-breaking Bravo document preparation system was written in BCPL. | | | The language was first described in a paper presented to the 1969 Spring Joint Computer Conference. |
|
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BCPL
(1880 words)
|
|
| |
| | Forth programming language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | Forth has been popular for developing embedded systems and instrument controls because it is easy to add small machine code definitions to the language and use those in an interactive high-level programming environment. | | | Forth programming style uses very few named data objects compared with other languages; typically such data objects are used to contain data which is used by a number of words or tasks (in a multitasked implementation). | | | Forth is a procedural, data-structured, reflective, programming language and programming environment. |
|
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FORTH
(1880 words)
|
|
| |
| | Programming language - Encyclopedia.WorldSearch |
| | Functional languages often restrict names to denoting run-time computed values directly, instead of naming memory locations where values may be stored, and in some cases refuse to allow the value denoted by a name to be modified at all. | | | The development of programming languages, unsurprisingly, follows closely the development of the physical and electronic processes used in today's computers. | | | Most languages that are widely used, or have been used for a considerable period of time, have standardization bodies that meet regularly to create and publish formal definitions of the language, and discuss extending or supplementing the already extant definitions. |
|
http://encyclopedia.worldsearch.com/programming_language.htm
(1880 words)
|
|
|
