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| | X86 - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
 | | The x86 architecture first appeared inside the Intel 8086 CPU in 1978; the 8086 was a development of the 8008 processor (which itself followed the 4004). | | | x86 or 80x86 is the generic name of a microprocessor architecture first developed and manufactured by Intel. | | | The x86 assembly language is discussed in more detail in the x86 assembly language article. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X86
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| | X86 assembly language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | The x86 processor and instruction set design is CISC; however, since the end of the 1990s the internal architecture moved towards being more of a RISC or VLIW design. | | | In general the x86 processor can load and use memory matched to the size of any register it is operating on. | | | The modern x86 instruction set is really a series of extensions of instruction sets that began with the Intel 8008 microprocessor. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X86_assembly_language
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| | x86 Inline Assembly Programming |
| | Inline assembly code may be included as a string parameter, one instruction per line, to the asm function in a C/C++ source program. |
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http://cs.wwc.edu/%7Eaabyan/215/inline.html
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| | CS 37: X86 Assembly Language |
| | Assembly language is (a symbolic representation of) the language of the machine hardware, and assembly language directly reflects the underlying features of the hardware (such as the capabilities of the instruction decoder or the arithmetic logic units). | | | Assembly code "allows access to direct hardware features of the system that might be difficult or impossible to use from a higher-level language" [Carter 2003]. | | | I need more information about x86 assembly language than was presented in class. |
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http://www.cs.dartmouth.edu/~cs37/CS37_2004X/x86
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| | Inline assembly for x86 in Linux |
| | The input operands are the C expressions that serve as input operands to the instructions. | | | The output operands are the C expressions on which the output of the assembly instructions will be performed. | | | And here is the assembly code generated for this example, from which it is evident that x and y have been stored in different registers across "asm". |
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http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/linux/library/l-ia.html
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| | docs.sun.com: x86 Assembly Language Reference Manual |
| | The main input required to assemble a source file in assembly language format is that source file itself. | | | This document completes the specification by presenting detailed assembly language statements that correspond to the Intel instruction set and are intended for use on machines that run SunOS x86 architecture. | | | The expressions accepted by the x86 assembler are defined by their syntax and semantics. |
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http://docs.sun.com/app/docs/doc/802-1948/6i5uqa9o6?a=view
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| | Intel Assembly Language Sources |
| | Assembly Language for Intel-Based Computers, 4th Edition (2002-2003) by Kip Irvine. | | | Introduction to 80X86 Assembly Language and Computer Architecture, by Richard C. Detmer. | | | An Assembly Language Introduction to Computer Architecture : Using the Intel Pentium, by Karen Miller. |
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http://www.nuvisionmiami.com/kip/asm.htm
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| | Parallel Port Programming: x86 Assembly |
| | Assembly language programming can often be complicated, but writing to the parallel port in x86 asm isn't too bad. |
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http://www.mattjustice.com/parport/par_asm.html
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| | Intel x86 Programming Links |
| | Randall Hyde's Art Of Assembly Language is a highly regarded book which serves as both an introduction to assembly language programming concepts in general, and a tutorial for Intel x86 assembly language in particular. | | | Iczelion's Win32 Assembly HomePage is a must for anyone trying to do x86 assembly language under Windows. | | | Daily news about the Intel x86 computer industry. |
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http://home.att.net/~jackklein/x86/x86_links.html
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| | ChipGeek Features: Revolutionizing x86 CPU Performance |
| | To keep the necessary mappings set up properly in assembly code, I propose that the potentially arduous task of having an assembly language programmer insert them all manually be replaced by a new line of assemblers that have been modified to allow an enhanced syntax version of existing assembly instructions. | | | There's a huge amount of software written for the x86 instruction set, and no one wants to be the first to change it. | | | And yet at the heart of every single one of your x86 computers out there, a mere 6 GP registers are doing nearly all of the processing. |
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http://www.geek.com/procspec/features/revx86
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| | x86 Assembly Language Webring |
| | Number of utilities that help programming in x86 assembly, and a growing number of programs written by myself in x86 assembly with source code. | | | x86 Assembly Language Webring Our purpose is to provide people with a convenient way to browse the best and latest assembly language pages. | | | Webster is the primary site for the textbook "The Art of Assembly Language Programming," the UCR Standard Library, and the HLA (High Level Assembly) Language. |
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http://x.webring.com/hub?ring=x86asm
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| | x86 Assembly Language FAQ - General Part III |
| | Assembly Language IDEs 36.1 ASMEDIT ASMEDIT is an Integrated Development Environment (IDE) for Assembly Language programmers. | | | The basic idea was to teach students assembly language programming by leveraging their knowledge of high level languages like C/C++ and Pascal/Delphi. | | | High Level Assembly Language Randy Hyde has developed a High Level Assembly (HLA) language as a tool to help teach assembly language programming and machine organization to University students at the University of California, Riverside. |
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http://www.codecomments.com/message207002.html
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| | Whiz Kid Technomagic |
| | Indeed, writing assembly language programs for Windows 95 is as easy as writing C programs, and easier than writing C++ programs. | | | And since assembly language programs are considerably faster than programs written in other languages, the difference in speed of image filtering is mind boggling. | | | Not only is assembly language easier in Windows 95 than it was in Windows 3.x, it is, in my opinion, even easier than it was under MS DOS. |
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http://www.geocities.com/SiliconValley/Heights/7394
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| | Joel on Software - x86 Assembly Language *GURUS* please respond! |
| | I also understand how and why x86 compilers generate the code that they do, and I understand performance enhancements at the x86 Assembler level (base indexing, avoiding jumps, and avoiding memory accesses for example), that may not be possible for all constructs in higher-level languages. | | | Writing optimized assembly is not fun anymore, imo, and the reward/effort ratio has shrunk to the point where it's only worthwhile for specialized math routines and video compression algorithms. | | | I'm a (recovering?) assembly purist myself, but I had to concede before the complexity of the Pentium, not to mention the Itanium and the other 64-bit computers. |
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http://discuss.joelonsoftware.com/?joel.3.93455.17
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| | x86 Assembly Language FAQ - A86 and D86 |
| | D86 is a screen-oriented debugger that facilitates the troubleshooting of faulty computer programs written for the IBM-PC and all compatibles. | | | John Barnes has converted the macros from Kurt Schindler's "Structure: The Complete Toolkit for Structuring Assembly Language Programs." John Barnes warns that the every macro has not been proofed and tested completely. | | | x86 Assembly Language FAQ - A86 and D86 |
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http://members.tripod.com/jolio/asm/a86.htm
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| | Programming from the Ground Up Book - Summary [Savannah] |
| | The reason for using assembly language is to get the reader thinking in terms of how the computer actually works underneath. | | | This is an introductory book to programming and computer science using assembly language. | | | Knowing how the computer works from a "bare-metal" standpoint is often the difference between top-level programmers and programmers who can never quite master their art. |
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http://savannah.nongnu.org/projects/pgubook
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| | Assembly Language Repository |
| | Some is useful in its own right but most of these programs were written in response to questions on the Fidonet 80XXX echo (a pre-Usenet assembly language discussion forum) and so they were mostly intended to show an idea or approach relating to assembly language programming. | | | In other words, while they might actually do something, they're mostly intended to be read by humans rather than run by computers. | | | assembly language program which shows the current date and time in a form identical to that used by Posix ctime() |
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http://www.beroset.com
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| | x86 assembly on Linux info |
| | I was trying to find information about x86 assembly programming on Linux. | | | FAQs, including * http://www2.dgsys.com/~raymoon/x86faqs.html * http://www.drpaulcarter.com/pcasm/ --- a tutorial on PC assembly for C programmers using NASM under Linux, written because its author needed a textbook. | | | http://nasm.2y.net/ --- NASM, the Netwide Assembler, is currently the most popular assembler among x86 assembly programmers on Linux. |
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http://lists.canonical.org/pipermail/kragen-fw/2002-April/000226.html
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| | The Old New Thing : Advantages of knowing your x86 machine code |
| | And trying to match optimized code to the source code is anything but fun, sometimes you are better by ignoring source code and working with machine code only instead. | | | At the U we did all of our assembly programming on 68K chips (mostly for embedded microprocessor classes), and I'd love to reaquaint myself with the finer points of x86 machine assembly. | | | There are plenty of productive programmers out there who don't have the faintest clue what assembly language their code creates, and aren't interested in learning. |
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http://blogs.msdn.com/oldnewthing/archive/2004/11/11/255800.aspx
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| | Optimizing assembly code |
| | This is a library of subroutines coded in assembly language. | | | The main focus is on assembly language programming, though there are also some advices on high level languages such as C++. | | | The package contains C++ header file, assembly language source code, object files and library files. |
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http://www.agner.org/assem
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| | Writing MS Windows 32bit Programs in x86 Assembly Language |
| | WALK32 This programming toolkit is designed for the experienced ASM programmer who not only wants to casually write some assembly code, but instead aims at building large projects in all assembly language. | | | AWIN Nice replacement for Make: Will scan your assembler source file, use specially-coded comment lines to create.RC and.DEF files, and call the assembler, linker, and RC program to produce an executable program file from a single program-specific source file. | | | Chris Dragon http://zp.ite.pwr.wroc.pl/cdragan/ Assembly Journal Mirror, 3D, Fractal, Filesystem, uP ID/Benchmarks, XP Player, Descriptor Table Viewer, SDK and DirectX Includes. |
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http://techref.massmind.org/techref/language/asm/win32asm.htm
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| | Webster Links |
| | Since this is a set of assembly language related links, I will reserve the right to ignore link requests from web sites that do not contain substantial (original) x86 assembly language programming material. | | | Here are several sites containing x86 assembly language information that you may find useful. | | | The "x86 Assembly Language Webring" is a cooperating set of x86 assembly language related websites. |
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http://webster.cs.ucr.edu/links.htm
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| | PC Assembly Language |
| | The tutorial has extensive coverage of interfacing assembly and C code and so might be of interest to C programmers who want to learn about how C works under the hood. | | | All the examples use the free NASM (Netwide) assembler. | | | I taught Computer Science at the University of Central Oklahoma for 10 years. |
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http://www.drpaulcarter.com/pcasm
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| | Assembler Simplified With TERSE Algebraic Assembly Language |
| | is a machine specific programming language designed for the complete family of Intel x86 microprocessors... | | | represents a whole new concept in low-level programming and is the first real advance in assembly language programming since the invention of the Macro Assembler. | | | Some assembly language programming could surely improve most non-trivial programming projects. |
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http://www.terse.com
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| | Iczelion's Win32 Assembly Homepage |
| | A project to develop a visual IDE for Win32 assembly programming. | | | An online journal that contains all sorts of assembly language programming ranging from straight x86 asm to Linux assembly language programming. | | | A good website dedicated to graphics programming using assembly language. |
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http://win32assembly.online.fr/links.html
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| | Rough Guide to Assembly |
| | Even for the compiler gurus at Microsoft and Borland, assembly is still faster than C++ or C. Also, using assembly, you have better access to computer hardware than while using high-level languages. | | | If you go through this website, you'd learn how to program simple applications in x86 assembly (for the computers running Intel microprocessors). | | | To begin with, you need an assembler (a program that converts assembly language program to machine level code). |
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http://www.geocities.com/riskyfriends/x86
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| | Open Directory - Computers: Programming: Languages: Assembly: x86 |
| | Paul Hsieh's x86 Assembly Language Page - Articles, optimization hints and algorithms, x86 related links. | | | ASM Scope - Program understanding tool for assembly programs, combining static analysis and code vizualization; it aids debugging and reverse engineering. | | | Power Assembler 32 - An IDE for assembly language programming for Windows. |
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http://www.dmoz.org/Computers/Programming/Languages/Assembly/x86
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| | x86 Assembly Language Programming |
| | Assembly language programming under UNIX® is highly undocumented. | | | However, once the chapter is finished, any assembly language programmer will be able to write programs for FreeBSD quickly and efficiently. | | | It is generally assumed that no one would ever want to use it because various UNIX systems run on different microprocessors, so everything should be written in C for portability. |
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http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/developers-handbook/x86.html
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| | Website : - Jan Wagemakers - |
| | When you want to write some Linux assembly programs, there are a lot of possibilities. | | | GNU/Linux is a wonderfull OS, but when I started to use Linux it was difficult to find information about programming in the assembly language with Linux. | | | But there is a second way to do certain things by assembly, it is INTerrupt 0x80. |
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http://www.janw.easynet.be/eng.html
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| | Paul Hsieh's Assembly Lab |
| | From a performance point of view this is a good trade off since pmullw is a fully pipelined instruction and in a modern x86, many internal instances of this loop should be able to execute in parallel. | | | The problem is that the address mode of x86 processors require 32 (or 16) bit registers, so some kind of byte -> dword (or word) conversion also happens. | | | As it stands, this code suffers from too many problems to analyze at the assembly level immediately. |
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http://www.azillionmonkeys.com/qed/asmexample.html
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| | dBforums - x86 assembly -> C language reference |
| | dumping assembly along with the code that generated it in a ".cod" file. | | | For the moment, assembly language is about the only language I'm any good at and this | | | You don't _need_ assembly to learn C, but it certainly helps. |
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http://www.dbforums.com/t487978.html
(1024 words)
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| | Programmers Heaven - Assembler programming zone |
| | A very nice CD player entirely programmed in assembly with Easy Code (Easy Code is an excellent Win32 free real visual assembler IDE using MASM32). | | | Location: Development tools -> x86 Tools -> IDE | | | J51 a Java Intel MCS51(8051,8052, etc) family microprocessor emulator, with integrated disassembler, debugger, Intel hex file loader and more. |
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http://www.programmersheaven.com/zone5
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| | Art of Assembly Language Programming and HLA by Randall Hyde |
| | Whenever someone tells you that you should learn assembly language in order to learn how to write better high level code, what they're really telling you is to learn machine organization. | | | Comprehensive, refined, easy to understand, and classroom tested, "The Art of Assembly..." is the best text on the subject for those who really want to learn 80x86 assembly language programming. | | | "The Art of Assembly Language Programming" is the highly acclaimed text recommended by hundreds of web sites and advanced programmers to those who want to learn x86 assembly programming. |
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http://webster.cs.ucr.edu
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| | [No title] |
| | The architecture of the x86 processors forces to the use of memory segments | | | In assembly language code lines have two parts, the first one is the name | | | processors of the x86 family of Intel, and considering that the language |
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http://thsun1.jinr.ru/~alvladim/man/asm.html
(12201 words)
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| | NASM Manual |
| | This manual documents NASM, the Netwide Assembler: an assembler targetting the Intel x86 series of processors, with portable source. |
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http://ivs.cs.uni-magdeburg.de/bs/lehre/sose99/bs1/nasm/nasmdoc0.html
(184 words)
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| | A86 assembler |
| | I designed A86 to be as closely compatible to the standard Intel/IBM assembly language as possible, given that I insisted upon making design and language enhancements necessary to make A86 the best possible assembler. | | | Since these packages are based on their 16-bit counterparts, I have given them a version number that matches: currently V4.05. | | | A386 covers the complete instruction set of the entire Intel and AMD families of x86 processors, from the original 8088, up through Intel's Pentium III and AMD's Athlon processors. |
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http://eji.com/a86/index.htm
(745 words)
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| | Assembly Language (x86) Resources |
| | Assembly Language for Intel-Based Computers (3rd edition) book by Kip R. Irvine. | | | Intel Assembly Language Sources list by Kip R. Irvine. | | | Randell Hyde at Riverside: The Art of Assembly Language Programming. |
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http://grail.cba.csuohio.edu/~somos/asmx86.html
(93 words)
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| | ASM Tutorial/Ready to Start! |
| | These are some basic things you need to know when you want to program in Assembly. | | | I'll also explain the Interrupts and interrupt table. | | | First thing you need to know is that Assembly is a great, fast language, but only if you put time and effort in learning it. |
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http://www.xs4all.nl/~smit/asm01001.htm
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| | Forth & Linux & x86 Assembly - The Int80 Page |
| | "dynamically loadable shared library" for pc-i586(k6/2)-Linux-2.2/ELF host systems; sources in intel syntax ("nasm") assembly. | | | Forth and Linux and x86 Assembly - The Int80 Page |
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http://www.lxhp.in-berlin.de/index-lx.shtml
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| | Using as - 80386 Dependent Features |
| | directive before the assembly language instructions to be run in 16-bit mode. | | | The function of any given instruction is exactly the same regardless of mode, as long as the resulting object code is executed in the mode for which GAS wrote it. | | | Of course, since GNU CC only writes small-model code (it doesn't know how to attach segment selectors to pointers like native x86 compilers do), any 16-bit code you write with GNU CC will essentially be limited to a 64K address space. |
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http://www.gnu.org/software/binutils/manual/gas-2.9.1/html_chapter/as_16.html
(1279 words)
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| | GameDev.net -- Languages |
| | Provides an overview of Intel's SSE2 and examples of how to use it. | | | An online book covering assembly programming for the Intel architecture. | | | The P5 Basics, and the New Profiling Registers |
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http://www.gamedev.net/reference/list.asp?categoryid=20
(850 words)
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| | AMD64 Subpage |
| | This document is meant to summarise differences between x86-64 and i386 assembly assuming that you already know well the i386 gas syntax. | | | The R13 also does the encoding (to prevent REX prefix from changing instruction length), so pretty much same limitations to RBP addressing apply to the R13. | | | I will try to keep this document up to date until official documentation is available. |
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http://www.x86-64.org/documentation/assembly
(941 words)
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| | gbm x86 stuff index |
| | WWW links to sources of information on x86 family CPUs. | | | This tiny utility allows for setting all important control bits inside Cx 5x86, 6x86 and older 486 CPUs, making it run faster and/or crash your system :-). | | | A small utility displays current memory usage details in dialog box AND total virtual memory usage on taskbar button. |
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http://grafi.ii.pw.edu.pl/gbm/x86
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| | Hanoi: x86 Assembly Language |
| | The Towers of Hanoi in x86 Assembly Language. | | | ; ; The Towers Of Hanoi ; x86 Assembly ; Copyright (C) 1998 Amit Singh. |
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http://www.kernelthread.com/hanoi/html/asm.html
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| | Comp.compilers: Re: convert x86 assembly to c ? |
| | x86, but weren't very complete because the state of the art in this | | | > Even slow C code equivalent of assembly would be good. | | | Comp.compilers: Re: convert x86 assembly to c ? |
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http://compilers.iecc.com/comparch/article/00-09-182
(171 words)
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